M81 QUARTZ BATfERY CLOCK MOVEMENT NEAR PURE ACCURACY • 4,194,304 Hz Quartz Crystal Oscillator. •Accurate to±l minute a year (59°to 77°F). • Operational Range l4°F to 122°F (-l0°C to+ 5Q 0 C), • Slide Switch, exact to the second setting. • Movement Size: 80 X 60 X 27 mm. SECOND HAND, IF USED, ADVANCES AT PRECISE ONE SECOND INTERVALS. ITWO YEAR GUARANTEE I A PRICE BREAK FROM CAS-KER CO. You will find the QZB movement in new clocks retailing at '1 0000 and up. Volume production for new clocks lowers the per unit cost of manufacturing and we pass the savings to you. 1 or 2 @ $11.95 each PRICES INCLUDE POLISHED BRASS HANDS, ETC. 3 to 9 @ $10.50 each 10 to 24 @ $9.75 each I CARTON OF 25 at $8.25 each I M80 TRANSISTORIZED MOVEMENT The Movement That Is Known for Excellent Quality, Durability and Long Life! e A favorite of manufacturers, this movement offers highest reliability and, from Cas­ Ker Company, a favorable price to the repairman. e M80 movements are more accurate than most: accurate within 10 seconds per day powered by the same battery for over a year! e A most useful replacement clock movement for the repairman. It operates small table clocks to large wall clocks. Prices Include Polished Brass Hands, Mounting Nuts, Hangers, etc. I TWO YEAR GUARANTEE \ 1 or 2 @ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • $8.00 each 3 to 9 @ •••••••••••••• $7.50 each CARTON of 25 at $6.00 each 10 to 24 @ •••••••••••••• $7.00 each Hands Included Sweep Second Hands with M80 and M81 : 30¢ Each Additional. Add $1.50 for Shipping Orders. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN WATCHMAKERS INSTITUTE Volume 2, Number 11 November, 1978 ORVILLE R. HAGANS 4 President's Message HENRY B. FRIED Questions and Answers 6 400-Day Clock Saga ORVILLE R. HAGANS In the Spotlight 10 Numeration of Qocks and Watches MARVIN E. WHITNEY The Ship's Chronometer 14 Reassembling and Oiling a Chronometer SEAN C. (PAT) MONK Essence of Clock Repair 20 The French Mantel Clock "Rack and Snail" JAMES L. TIGNER Inside the Clock Shop 22 The Graham Dead Beat Escapement MILTON C. STEVENS 26 AWl News WILLARD BLAKLEY 30 Affiliate Chapter Column EXTRAS 34 I Bench Tips Odd, But True I 52 35 I New Members Book Review I 53 41 I News in the Trade Classified Ads I 54 48 I New Products Advertisers' Index / 56 51 I AWl Bench Courses Horological Times is published monthly and copyrighted by the American Watchmakers Institute, Harold J. Herman, Editor, 3700 Harrison Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45211. Reprinting and Reproduction is prohibited without permission from the American Watch­ makers Insititute. Subscription, $25.00 per year, $4.00 per copy in the United States and $36.00 per year, $5.00 per copy outside the United States. Second class postage paid at Cincinnati, Ohio. Copyright© 1978 by the American Watchmakers Institute. 6Jitoriaf When David did in Goliath, he knew better than to let the big fellow get a hold on him. A sit-down, hand-to-hand arm wrestling match would Executive and Editorial Offices have flipped Dave through the nearest open window. So he used his head, AWl Central kept his distance, and sailed a rock at the big boy's noggin. The meeting P.O. Box 11011 3700 Harrison Avenue of the rock and Goliath's head spelled victory for little David. Cincinnati, Ohio 45211 Telephone: (513) 661-3838 If you, as a small jeweler, expect to advertise in the style that the big discounters do, you can very well take a fall. Most often, their advertising Harold J. Herman: Editor follows the lowest price angle to attract customers. Because of their Thomas J. Herman: Managing Editor purchase power of volume buying, it is impossible for the smaller jeweler Patricia Borger: Associate Editor to compete on a profit basis. So don't arm wrestle the giant. Paula Hill: Art Director Michael P. Danner: Business Manager Stand apart from this colossus, and advertise your knowledge. Impart the knowledge to your potential customers. You'li find a great number of Mildred Howard: Circulation Manager people out there interested in the difference between base metal and Lee Rothan: Circulation rolled gold plate and 14kt gold. They want to know the difference be­ Technical Editors: tween a pin lever watch and a jeweled lever watch and why the cut of a James H. Broughton diamond increases Or' decreases its value. And most of all, they want after­ Joe Crooks Henry B. Fried sales service. You have all this knowledge, so advertise it to your cus­ Orville R . Hagans tomers and build a trust and reputation for yourself. Stand away and see Ewell D. Hartman if this approach causes the stone to follow a true path. Gerald G. Jaeger Sean C. Monk Robert A. Nelson Leslie L. Smith William 0. Smith, Jr. James L. Tigner Marvin E. Whitney About ~ "• '!"11 • •..- ,.•- - II •JO ol{••""".._.._._,.._._l.c.t. c:-r_.,,u. ... -~lrC-f'I'H_...., 3:100 ltolriJoet.A\IGf!Ut=, Cmcinnatl lH\utuJ t ~ Ol'lto 45 211 A WI Officers: the Co11er "UltLI ... C.. {No<nic-A<Ifi,..•J American Watchmakers Institute, 3700 Harrison Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45211 Orville R . Hagans, CMW, CMC: President CDITO" l/~ o -ondA441,.41J Harold J. Herman, 3700 Harrison Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 4.5211 Leslie L. Smith, CMW: 1st V.P. Joe Crooks: 2nd V.P. 7 OWN~II (lf 014mod 0> o <<>•poratJcn ;ro """'~ on<l addmoo m~ol ~~ olo,.d ond o.Joo lm.,odlol~l~ l~o,.und.- !hr nom .. ond odd,..... oo(oloo• lu>ldmo own on• "' ~Cidlnf I p<I'C<'nl or..,,,., o/ tot~l ~,.o~nl C/otGc- If nat a"'n<d ~7 a <c...,a ... tJo>n r~• n~m".,.., odd~-• a{ lh< lndlold,..l a"'""'"'"'l&<l,...n lfa ..n«<ho~>t~rlnc,.hiP<>ro>lh<•wnln<arpar<~l<dffrm llrno..,<ondodd"'" "'"''Uulloolo{<o<ht..di•"'W'""'' Karl Buttner, CMW: Secretary Marvin E. Whitney, CMW, CMC: Treasurer Ha ans,"""' resi. ent trar , nver, STavar:•. t ve cze 0: on a. n • v n'J - 1 A WI Directors: L KNOWN .ON Ot<O~OfRS MOI'ITGAG~ES, ANC cn<£A$((:UI'I IT Y HC~Cfi\S CWNINC OR HO~O I NG I PEIICHIT 0 1\ MORE C~ TOT.O.~AMOUNTCF M)llo(B ..O'f',....00fiiiD'r'"(fl151[~otlllt;lfrt-..-- . .......J Dorothy M. Aderman - Henry B. Fried, CMW, CMC Ewell D. Hartman, CMW 1 '0"~ ' ~"'1ir0'o"J'f'C'"'O""C,.t. "!IU~\IT"C)lllh:OfQ yAjL4,.VIC I •"I.-f(.t-f1-JUIU , n•l Tho"~'"""' rw,..!lon,- ""'-""' "''~' ol !llh or~onlut l on - •"- '"""'~" """''lO< P-rol \ftc;O- ••• "~"'0 101 IC""•~ on<) Gerald G. Jaeger, CMW ,,.-....IO IIhthlo ..o ....... !ONM/ ,w... ... !Wf•~•'"'' ' """'"""'"'""'""""" Donald W. Leverenz, CMW ACTV.O.L NC COPIES O' ~I N CL f ISIUEPUllliSHEO NfAIUSTTO Charles H. Mann 781 Sean C. Monk, CMW None Nane Robert A. Nelson, CMW 6990 72GS Marshall Richmond, CMW C. •••, , " ' .M .. C I....,,n,At...., .-..,,.. ,_ ,.aa.Q 6990 7266 William 0. Smith, Jr. .... '- .... , •.•~.~ ........ ...... ~ ·· •~:•• · • •·t: • ......... t ...... "'-0 o- • 1. 1""~""" " •~ •·-••.. •• r••c ~;_,.... 380 IZD 737 0 7366 ~ COOII:S H~T DOI?IIo•UTI:D Willard Blakley, CMW: Affiliate Chapter Director Our cover photo of a I , DOIOC( U1C.I.C~TOVI:. UH,CC~UNTI:D IO~Oio(a .... h·-····"'· ~60 424 bare tree against a NOAO None Deane L. Jenne, CMW: R esearch and Education 773.0 7610 moonlit sky symbolizes Council Chairman the approaching dor­ mancy of winter. 311U S C 34:41ti0¥..... 1n_.,l,_...,..., --""""'1>0...,... 1 <1"-"""..,."' ' ""'""'" ' 'm noo r """•To,_OOC'I I OnU~clrr>lotiOio :::-::;;-.:;~:;:;.;~,":."'""" .,.., • ....., """'' thlow-IIOt>vN- M '''" onnuol"'"''"' ono ,._.,,_,,. , o - lnon •-lot.,_,.. ...., Michael P. Danner: A dministrative Director ::...~J526(Pqtl) (Ste !nUruction~ on reverse) 2 Horological Times/November 1978 .fflARSHALL-~WARTC:HILD MONEY-SAVERS I MONEY-MAKERS (NOBODY---BUT NOBODY---UNDERSELLS US!) BULOVA a name you know on POWER CELLS you can trust All fresh -- packaged -- guaranteed $99WILL QUANTITY STOCK NO. SIZE COMPARABLES GET YOU EVEREADY MALLORY OTHER $233-PLUS: $63.64 profit RW42 303 WS14 Timex A from 37 Ac­ 357 10L14 Bulova 288 cutron cells­ RW44 301 WS11 TimexD cost $1.23 386 each, $2.95 RW47 384 WS10 suggested retail ... $40.48 profit from 44 asstd. solid state and 10L125 mercury cells @$ 1.23 each, $2.15 retail ... $30 profit frum 20 free gaskets, @$ 1.50 retail-$233 income, $134 clear profit on the RW48 309 $99 investment, PLUS whatever you choose to make on labor. 393 You also get 5 case openers, 2 case wrenches and 1 LED battery RW49 389 spring for your own use. And Marshall-Swartchild sweetens the deal: Free bonus with your order-an L.E.D. timepiece (see RW51 387 W2 Bulova 214 below). RW52 313 WH3 D Send ...... Bulova Power Cell Replacement case(s) @$99 each RW54 354 10R11 L.E.D. WATCHES-PROFIT with these RW56 343 WH4 Timex 8 WH12NM Bulova 218 push-button ruby-red-screen time/date-display timepieces/ RW57 325 WH1 RW58 323 WH6 TimexC 1 - RW25 365 10L19 10L129 59-CENTS EACH· NO MINIMUM· RAY.Q-VAC DJGITRONIC- 59-CENTS EACH , Save up to 50% on~Watch Cells at MARSHALL­ c SWARTCHILD. Buy 100-your selection, in S-pack minimums, at 69¢, 99¢, $1.59 each. Mark quantity of 5-packs wanted . ... ... 201 (1 .59) · ·-·-· ·---- 325 (99¢ ) . .. ...... 384 (99¢) ... ... 301 (69¢) ........... 343 (69¢ ) ......... 386 (69¢) ..... .. .. 303 (69¢) ........... 354 (99¢ ) ... ...... 387 (99¢) ·---·· .. .. ..... 309 (99¢) ... ... .. ... 355 (99¢ ) ........