THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 5. SURVEY METHODOLOGY FOLLOWED The potentially affected communities were identified based on their location and proximity to the proposed new substation site and power line alternative routes. The communities that were identified to take part in the survey are Hluvukani, Ludlow, Edinburgh, Allandale, Islington (also referred to as Khokhovela) and Clare. Clare Source: RHDHV (settlement indicators added) Figure 23: Target population: potentially affected communities In order to be able to select a sample size of respondents that would be representative of the target population (residents of the identified communities), the following steps were followed: • The Bushbuckridge Local Municipality’s age group ratio for age groups 0-14:15+ were determined based on the 2011 census statistics. This was done because only respondents 15 years and older were interviewed and therefore this ratio had to be applied to the total number of residents for each settlement to determine the target population size (residents of the identified communities 15 years and older). The ratio for age groups 0-14:15+ was 37%:63%. • Then the male:female ratio in the local municipality as a whole for residents 15 years and older was taken and applied to the target population, so that the male:female ratio of the sample were also representative of the target population. The male:female ratio for this group was 42%:58%. 45 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE • The number of residents of each of the identified communities was researched and in cases where this information was not available an estimate was made based on the physical area that the settlement covers, in relation to the other settlements of which this information was available. • Then a representative sample size of the target group was determined, with a margin of error of 5.2% and a confidence level of 90%. Based on this a total of 246 respondents were interviewed. • Following this, the 37%:63% 0-14:15+ age group ratio and 42%:58% male:female ratio were applied to the individual settlement population numbers (available and estimated), to determine how many males and females needed to be interviewed in each of the settlements. The sample size was determined based on the following numbers. Table 28: Target population and sample Town Total population 15+ group Age Questionnaire % Sample Male Sample Female Settlement proximity size Population source Hluvukani 9631 6068 43.04% 44 61 (East of proposed substation sites) supplied Ludlow 5766 3633 25.77% 27 37 (Line 1 crosses northern part of town) supplied Edinburgh 2978 1876 13.31% 14 19 (Between 2 line routes) supplied Allandale 2000 1260 8.94% 9 13 (South of route 2) estimated Khokhovela 1500 945 6.70% 7 10 (North of route 1) estimated Clare 500 315 2.23% 2 3 (North of route 1) estimated 103 143 22375 14097 100.00% 246 An interview schedule was drafted and used to conduct interviews. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by two field workers simultaneously, in Xitsonga, Northern Sotho/Sepedi and English, depending on the respondents’ proficiency in these languages. Information obtained through the interviews included: • Demographical: settlement name, sex of respondent and age of respondent • Quantitative: how many respondents were aware of the planned project, how many respondents have electricity at home and approximately how many days per month is the electricity supply interrupted. • Qualitative: listing of any concerns that the respondent may have about the project and listing of benefits perceived benefits of the project. Once the field work was concluded that data obtained was captured and interpreted. Results are reported in the next section. 46 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 6. PHOTOS OF THE STUDY AREA 6.1 Hluvukani 47 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 48 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 6.2 Clare 49 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 6.3 Islington/Khokhovela 50 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 6.4 Ludlow 51 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 52 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 6.5 Allandale 53 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 6.6 Edinburgh 54 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 55 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE 7. SURVEY RESULTS The sample comprised residents from the six settlements in closest proximity to the proposed new power line and substation, namely Hluvukani (43% of the sample), Ludlow (26%), Edinburgh (13%), Allandale (9%), Khokhovela/Islington (7%) and Clare (2%). Allandale Clare Ludlow 9% 2% 26% Edinburgh 13% Khokhovela Hluvukani 7% 43% Figure 24: Percentage of respondents per settlement Figure 25 represents the number of male and female respondents from each settlement that took part in the interviews. These figures were representative of the male:female ratio of the Bushbuckridge Local Municipality as a whole. 70 60 50 40 30 Male 20 Female 10 0 Figure 25: Respondents by settlement and sex Respondents were age 15 and older. Selection was random and the ages of respondents interviewed did not reflect the age distribution of the municipality as a whole. The overall numbers per age interviewed for the whole sample (settlements combined) were as follows: 56 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE • 15-19 years: 48 • 20-24 years: 40 • 25-29 years: 41 • 30-34 years: 23 • 35-39 years: 27 • 40-44 years: 16 • 45-49 years: 13 • 50-54 years: 17 • 55-59 years: 4 • 60-64 years: 6 • 65-69 years: 1 • 70-74 years: 3 • 75-79 years: 1 • 80-84 years: 0 • 85 years and older: 1 • Unknown: 5 The majority by far (235 of the 246 interviewed) came from the economically active age groups (15- 64); this corresponds with the pattern for the local municipality as a whole. The fact that the majority came from the economically active age groups, while interviews took place during the day on weekdays, could be a reflection of the very high unemployment figures prevalent in the municipality – 52.6%, which is double that of the national figure of 26.6%. 25 15-19 20-24 20 25-29 30-34 15 35-39 10 40-44 45-49 5 50-54 55-59 0 60-64 Allandale Clare Edinburgh Hluvukani Khokhovela Ludlow Figure 26: Respondents by settlement and age Respondents were asked whether they were aware of the planned construction of the new power line and substation, in part as a way to introduce them to follow-up questions regarding the planned construction. Most respondents were not aware; however this is not necessarily a reflection on the 57 Hilda Bezuidenhout October 2014 THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF TSAKANI SUBSTATION AND A 17KM 132KV POWER LINE FROM THE EXISTING MBUMBU SUBSTATION TO THE PROPOSED TSAKANI SUBSTATION AT BUSHBUCKRIDGE, MPUMALANGA PROVINCE quality of the public participation process that were followed as part of the Basic Assessment, as it is known that the Mnisi and Amashangana Tribal Authorities were engaged extensively in the process and it is assumed that communication from there on to the community regarding the line and substation has not taken place. The reason for this could be that both the affected tribal authorities had no objection to the construction and supported it fully. 90 80 70 60 50 Yes 40 No 30 20 Unknown 10 0 Figure 27: Number of respondents aware of the planned new power line and substation, by settlement When respondents