* The June issue will include an Dimitri Nanopoulos - strengthening links article on the COBE results. between particle physics and cosmology Also reported at the Workshop ing Supercollider Laboratory. It at­ were new results from cosmic ray tracted many distinguished speak­ studies; searches for dark matter, ers in this rapidly evolving field, re­ deviations from Newtonian gravita­ sulting in a wide-ranging and stimu­ tion, time-reversal violation in beta lating scientific programme. decay, the electric dipole moment CERN's John Ellis discussed the of the neutron, and neutron-anti- Standard Model of Particle Physics neutron oscillations; strong field and beyond, and the implications tests of gravitational theories and of recent LEP data (April, page 1). other subjects. Rocky Kolb of Fermilab gave an in­ For the first time the session had troduction to the Standard Big an interdisciplinary character, with Bang, while School Director Dimitri an invited lecture by Ed Fredkin on Nanopoulos of Texas A&M and 'Digital Mechanics: the Universe as HARC presented a unified view of a Computer'. The improvised even­ the two fields. ing concert of classical music, David Schramm of Chicago dis­ given by attending physicists Mi­ cussed the important issue of pri­ chael and Myriam Treichel, Jim mordial nucleosynthesis, with the ports on 17 keV neutrinos (see Faller, Elisabeth Ribs and Tibault observational basis covered by page 21). John Bahcall of Princeton Damour added to the pleasant in­ Greg Shields of Texas (Austin). Ro­ was among the neutrino speakers formal atmosphere which is one of bert Wagoner of Stanford exam­ at the Texas meeting. the elements of Moriond success. ined probes of the Universe at all The status of Big Science was il­ scales, from nuclei to supernovae. lustrated in talks on the US Super­ By S.T. Petcov Andre Linde, now at Stanford, conducting Supercollider (SSC) looked back to the very early from Fred Gilman, SSC's Associate stages of the Universe, including Director of Physics Research; on ASTROPARTICLE the inflation mechanism linking the NASA's role from Venon Jones; PHYSICS initial Big Bang to present large- on the European Space Agency's scale structure. work from Giacomo Cavallo; and New synergy Mark Srednicki of Santa Barbara on Hubble telescope from Peter reviewed the need for Dark Matter, Stockman of the Space Telescope Two major recent experimental re­ leaving his colleague David Cald­ Science Institute. sults have further strengthened the well to look at experimental The meeting showed that while links between particle physics and searches for it. George Smoot of the 'Standard Models' of both par­ cosmology. These are the confir­ Berkeley discussed the beautiful ticle physics and cosmology were mation by experiments at CERN's COBE results confirming the nature doing fine, some refinements are LEP electron-positron collider that of the cosmic background radi­ necessary, especially for the Big there are only three species of light ation, while Alan Dressier of Mt. Bang picture, at a loss to explain neutrino, as predicted by Grand Wilson and Las Campanas Obser­ new large-scale structure. New si­ Unified Theories and needed for vatories reviewed the intriguing mulations show that even cold dark primordial nucleosynthesis, and the large-scale structures, including the matter, until now the best candi­ results from the US Cosmic Back­ great attractor, the great wall and date for the missing material of the ground Explorer (COBE) satellite similar concentrations of matter, Universe, may not fit the bill. New that show beyond any doubt that revealed by recent astronomical observations over the next few the cosmic background radiation is surveys. Nicola Vittorio of D'Aquila years will help to clarify many of primordial.* and Joe Silk of Berkeley tried to the major issues in both particle With this in mind, a new inter­ make sense of it all. physics and cosmology. Hopefully national school was initiated re­ Neutrinos are never far from the a clearer picture will emerge before cently by Houston's Advanced Re­ physics headlines - currently solar the second school in this series. search Center (HARC) and co-spon­ neutrino observations are in a state sored by the nearby Superconduct­ of flux and there is a spate of re­ From Dimitri Nanopoulos 22 CERN Courier, May 1991 .