NAT. CROAT. VOL. 13 No 4 381¿394 ZAGREB December 31, 2004 review paper /pregledni rad LIST OF CROATIAN PSEUDOSCORPION FAUNA (ARACHNIDA, PSEUDOSCORPIONES) ROMAN OZIMEC Croatian Biospeleological Society, Demetrova 1, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia Ozimec, R.: List of Croatian pseudoscorpion fauna (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones). Nat. Croat., Vol. 13, No. 4, 381–394, 2004, Zagreb On the basis of literature references, information from other arachnologists, as well as redeter- mination of pseudoscorpions from the Croatian Natural History Museum Collection and the au- thor’s collection, 109 taxa of pseudoscorpions have been established for the Croatian fauna, com- prising 99 species and 10 subspecies, 26 genera, 10 families. Ten species are new for Croatia. Their rough distribution is outlined according to the geographical macroregions of Croatia. Key words: checklist, pseudoscorpions, arachnids, Croatia, distribution Ozimec, R.: Popis faune la`i{tipavaca (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones) Hrvatske. Nat. Croat., Vol. 13, No. 4, 381–394, 2004, Zagreb Na osnovi literaturnih podataka, podataka drugih specijalista, te taksonomske revizije materija- la iz Zbirke la`i{tipavaca Hrvatskoga prirodoslovnog muzeja i vlastite zbirke, za faunu Hrvatske utvr|eno je 10 porodica i 26 rodova s 99 vrsta i 10 podvrsta, ukupno 109 svojti. Deset vrsta je prvi put navedeno za faunu Hrvatske. Op}a rasprostranjenost je prikazana prema geografskim makro- regijama Hrvatske. Klju~ne rije~i: popis vrsta, la`i{tipavci, pau~njaci, Hrvatska, rasprostranjenost SHORT HISTORICAL REVIEW Research into pseudoscorpions in Croatia can be divided into four periods. In the first period (until 1900) the exact locations of findings are mentioned very rarely, determinations are dubious and consequently some specified taxa certainly not be- long to the Croatian fauna. The first data about pseudoscorpions in Croatia were published in the book La Dalmazia descritta in 1846 in Zadar, edited by Francesco Carrara, an archaeologist from Split, determined by Austrian arachnologist A. Rossi. Subsequently, there are works produced by an Austrian arachnologist STECKER (1875) and a French arachnologist SIMON (1880; 1885). Next, the Hungarian arachnologists Odon Tömösvary and Jeno Daday worked on material from Croatia (TÖMÖSVARY, Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, Zagreb, Croatia 382 Ozimec, R.: List of Croatian pseudoscorpion fauna 1884; HORVATH, 1887; DADAY, 1888a, 1888b, 1889) and there are nine species quoted for Croatia. The first Croatian biologist who started to work on pseudoscorpion fauna was a teacher from Vara`din, Eugen Adolf Jurinac (JURINAC, 1886; 1887a; 1887b; BABI], 1928). In Prilog k dalmatinskoj fauni (Isopoda-Myriopoda-Arachnida) pub- lished in Split by Rikard Gasperini (1892), five species are mentioned from Dalmatia. In the second period (1900–1945) there were many Croatian collectors of pseudo- scorpions, exclusively from speleological objects: V. Stiller, S. Plan~i}, J. Poljak, I. Hochetlinger, A. Langhoffer (OZIMEC, 2001; 2002b). Findings of cave-dwelling spe- cimens are partially presented by Croatian biologist August Langhoffer in Fauna hrvatskih pe}ina ({pilja) II (LANGHOFFER, 1915). During investigation of the Pseudo- scorpion collection of the Zoological Museum in Berlin (Kgl. Zoologisches Museum Berlin), five species from Croatia were specified by ELLINGSEN (1910). In a synthesis of Balkan fauna, 14 Dalmatian pseudoscorpions were established (REDIKORZEV, 1928). Systematic work on pseudoscorpions in Croatia started with the Austrian arachno- logist Max Beier. In analyses of the Pseudoscorpion Collection of the Natural His- tory Museum in Vienna (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) many new data for Croatia were established (BEIER, 1928; 1929; 1932). The first cave-dwelling taxa were described from Croatia (BEIER, 1931; ROEWER, 1931; J. MÜLLER, 1931). In the period from 1925 to 1928 the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (then JAZU) carried out research on the Adriatic islands of Dugi otok and Kornati, and some new taxa were described (Had`i, 1930). Some new species were described from the Kvarner and Dalmatian region too (HAD@I, 1933). Chthonius (C.) subterraneus was estab- lished for Istria (PAX, 1938). Very rich pseudoscorpion material from the Collection Biospeleologica balcanica formed by Czech Karel Absolon during thirty years of re- search in the Dinarids, was outlined first in a preliminary paper (BEIER, 1938) and later in the famous monograph Die Höhlenpseudoscorpionen der Balkanhalbinsel (BEIER, 1939). In this monograph, 22 new taxa from Croatia were described. As well as by Absolon, pseudoscorpion material was collected by L. Biro, L. Mader, R. Meusel, M. Padewieth (= F. Dobija{), E. Reitter, P. Remy, H. J. Stammer and V. Stiller. In the third period (1945–1990) cave-dwelling pseudoscorpions were collected by many Slovene biospeleologists, particularly in the period from 1962 to 1967 (MATJA- [I^ &SKET, 1969). This material was surveyed by the arachnologist Jovan Had`i from Ljubljana, but the results were not published (OZIMEC, 2002 b). From 1961 to 1965 the Croatian ornithologists and biocenologists Renata and Dragutin Rucner collected invertebrate fauna from the region of Kvarner, Hrvatsko zagorje and Mt Velebit, five species being quoted by J. Had`i (RUCNER, 1971). The research contin- ued from 1969 to 1972 in the regions of Slavonija, Hrvatsko zagorje, Central Croa- tia, Lika, Kvarner, Istra and Dalmatia. The Serbian arachnologist B. P. M. ]ur~i} surveyed this material and quoted 8 species (RUCNER, 1995). In the period from 1963 to 1977 in the karstic part of Croatia the Dutch arachnologist Christa Deeleman Reinhold collected pseudoscorpion fauna, including cave-dwelling fauna. In this material, surveyed by arachnologists Max Beier, Volker Mahnert and Wolfgang Schawaller, 15 taxa are quoted (P. R. DEELEMAN, 1975; 1985a; 1985b; 1985c) and the genus Acanthocreagris was cited for the first time for the Croatian fauna. In the Nat. Croat. Vol. 13(4), 2004 383 Pseudoscorpion Catalogue of ex-Yugoslavia (]UR^I], 1974) 73 taxa were adduced for Croatia, some of them currently not valid. Single new findings of pseudoscorpi- ons are quoted in different regions of Croatia (DI CAPORIACCO, 1949; MAHNERT, 1974; ]UR^I], 1975; KORUNI], 1975; CALLAINI, 1986). From 1977 to 1981 the cave- -dwelling fauna of two caves on the island of Krk was surveyed by the Slovene and Austrian biologists F. Poto~nik and E. Christian and the pseudoscorpion material was analysed by the Swiss arachnologist Volker Mahnert (MAHNERT, 1980; CHRIS- TIAN &POTO^NIK, 1985). Endemism, relicts and genesis of the Croatian cave-dwell- ing pseudoscorpions have been frequent objects of interest (]UR^I] &DIMITRIJEVI], 1984; ]UR^I], 1984; 1988b; 1988c). For the island of Vis, the monotypic genus Insu- locreagris was established (]UR^I], 1987). Pseudoscorpions collected by the Cro- atian biospeleologists Branko Jal`i} and Ton}i Ra|a were presented in the mono- graph Cave-dwelling Pseudo-scorpions of the Dinaric Karst (]UR^I], 1988a), and some of the Croatian 26 taxa were newly established for science. At the end of this period the present author started to collect cave-dwelling pseudoscorpions. The fourth period (1991 to the present time) has been marked by the intensive work of biospeleologists from the Croatian Biospeleological Society, established in 1996. Along with the already mentioned B. Jal`i}, T. Ra|a and R. Ozimec, this most recent phase includes J. Bedek, H. Cvitanovi}, M. Frani~evi}, G. Poli} and T. Rubini}, as well as many young biospeleologists. The pseudoscorpions collected from the Croatian karstic regions, especially from @umberak, Kordun, Gorski kotar, Istra, Velebit Mt, Biokovo Mt, the islands of Cres, Hvar, Bra~, Kor~ula and Mljet, the Neretva Valley, Dubrovnik and Konavle area have been surveyed by the author, in conjunction with the epigeic fauna from Mt Medvednica, Mt Risnjak, Mljet Island and Mt Biokovo. Some new species have been established for the Croatian fauna: C (C.) raridentatus, C. (C.) trebinjensis, C. (C.) cf. abnormis and Neobisium (B.) caecum (OZIMEC, 1999a), and there is also many new bio-geographic data. The first records of cave-dwelling pseudoscorpions for the is- lands of Hvar and Kor~ula have been established (OZIMEC &POLI], 1998a, 1998b; OZIMEC et al., 2000a, 2000b; OZIMEC, 2004a), an new cave localities have been estab- lished: on the islands of Vis (JAL@I] et al., 2003) and Mljet and the Pelje{ac peninsula (OZIMEC, 2003b); the Kordun region (OZIMEC, 1999a; CVITANOVI] &OZIMEC, 1999; OZIMEC, 2003a), North Velebit (OZIMEC &CVITANOVI], 1999), South Velebit (OZIMEC, 2004b), the Lika region (JAL@I], 2001) and Medvednica (OZIMEC et al., 2003) From 1989 to 1996 in the regions of Istra, Kvarner and Gorski kotar, cave-dwell- ing fauna was collected by an Italian arachnologist, Fulvio Gasparo from Trieste, and surveyed by the Italian arachnologist Giulio Gardini (Gasparo, in letter), but only one species has been published (GASPARO, 1999). Through systematic bio- speleological research in the @umberak & Samoborsko gorje and Biokovo Nature Parks, rich cave-dwelling pseudoscorpion fauna has been found, even taxa new to science, but not as yet described (RUBINI] &OZIMEC, 1999; OZIMEC &RUBINI], 2003; OZIMEC &JAL@I], 1999, 2003). The relict genus Troglochthonius has been found for the first time for Croatia, with both known species T. mirabilis and T. doratodactylus (OZIMEC, 2002a). The first review of Croatian cave-dwelling pseudoscorpions was published in the third