DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON DEVELOPMENT OF MEASUREMENT, REPORT AND VERIFICATION (MRV) SYSTEM IN URBAN RAILWAY SECTOR VIETNAM DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON DEVELOPMENT OF MEASUREMENT, REPORT AND VERIFICATION (MRV) SYSTEM IN URBAN RAILWAY SECTOR IN VIETNAM FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FEBRUARY 2021 FEBRUARY 2021 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) ALMEC CORPORATION VT JR VT 21-003 DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON DEVELOPMENT OF MEASUREMENT, REPORT AND VERIFICATION (MRV) SYSTEM IN URBAN RAILWAY SECTOR VIETNAM FINAL DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON DEVELOPMENT OF MEASUREMENT, REPORT AND VERIFICATION (MRV) SYSTEM IN URBAN RAILWAY SECTOR IN VIETNAM FINAL REPORT FEBRUARY 2021 FEBRUARY 2021 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) ALMEC CORPORATION Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Background and Objectives ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Survey Flow .......................................................................................................................... 3 2. Development Status of Urban Railways in Hanoi City and Ho Chi Minh City .............. 4 2.1 Status of Urban Railway Development in Hanoi City and Ho Chi Minh City ................ 4 2.2 Establishment of Urban Railway Management and Operating Companies ................... 7 3. Status of MRV System in Vietnam ..................................................................................... 9 3.1 National MRV System ......................................................................................................... 9 3.2 MRV System for Urban Railway Projects ........................................................................ 10 4. Analysis for the Development of an MRV System for Urban Railway .......................... 11 4.1 Logic of Emission Reductions through Urban Railway Projects .................................... 11 4.2 Existing Methodologies ...................................................................................................... 12 4.3 Statistical Systems in Relation to MRV in Urban Railway ............................................ 14 4.4 Organizations in Relation to MRV in Urban Railway .................................................... 18 4.5 Data Availability for the MRV for Urban Railway Sector .............................................. 20 5. Proposal on an MRV System for Urban Railway Sector in Vietnam ............................. 22 5.1 Basic Approaches ............................................................................................................... 22 5.2 Methodologies for Calculating and Monitoring GHG Emission Reductions ................. 24 5.3 MRV Organizational Structure ......................................................................................... 27 5.4 MRV Procedure .................................................................................................................. 30 6. Estimation of GHG Emission Reductions ........................................................................ 33 6.1 Data Collection for Estimating GHG Emissions ............................................................. 33 6.2 Interview Surveys .............................................................................................................. 35 6.3 Calculation of GHG Emission Reductions ........................................................................ 41 6.4 Comparison of GHG Emission Reductions ....................................................................... 42 7. Dissemination and Outreach of the Survey ..................................................................... 46 8. Recommendations .............................................................................................................. 48 8.1 Recommendations to MOT, MONRE, and Related Authorities48 8.2 Recommendations to JICA ................................................................................................ 49 Appendix 1 Questionnaire for the Interview Surveys .............................................................. 51 Appendix 2 Results of the Interview Surveys ........................................................................... 60 Appendix 3 Format of the MRV Plan ......................................................................................... 62 Appendix 4 Format of the Monitoring Report ........................................................................... 66 Appendix 5 Summary of the 1st mission ................................................................................... 68 Appendix 6 Summary of the 2nd Mission .................................................................................. 70 Appendix 7 Summary of the 3rd Mission .................................................................................. 72 Appendix 8 Summary of the 4th Mission .................................................................................. 74 Appendix 9 Interim Report Meeting in Hanoi .......................................................................... 76 Appendix 10 Interim Report Meeting in Ho Chi Minh City ..................................................... 80 Appendix 11 Expert Meeting ...................................................................................................... 83 Appendix 12 Final Report Meeting ............................................................................................ 85 Appendix 13 Media Coverage ..................................................................................................... 88 Appendix 14 Leaflet .................................................................................................................... 90 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1-1 Urban Railway Development Plan of Hanoi City and Ho Chi Minh City and Target Lines of the Survey .......................................................................................... 2 Figure 1-2 Outline of the Survey ................................................................................................. 3 Figure 1-3 Study Flow................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2-1 Approved Urban Railway Network Plan for Hanoi ................................................. 5 Figure 2-2 Approved Urban Railway Network Plan for HCMC ............................................... 6 Figure 2-3 Organizational Structure of Hanoi Metro Company ................................................ 8 Figure 2-4 Organizational Structure of HCMC Urban Railway Line 1 Co., Ltd. .................... 8 Figure 3-1 Overview of the National MRV System .................................................................... 9 Figure 3-2 MRV of GHG Emission Reduction Projects ............................................................ 10 Figure 4-1 Emission Reductions through Urban Railway Projects ......................................... 11 Figure 4-2 Statistical Information Systems and Reporting System in Vietnam ................... 14 Figure 4-3 Reporting System in the Transport Sector ............................................................. 15 Figure 4-4 Reporting System in the Road Transport Subsector ............................................. 16 Figure 5-1 Calculation of Emission Reductions from Urban Railway Usage ......................... 23 Figure 5-2 Simplified Calculation of Emission Reductions from Urban Railway Usage....... 23 Figure 5-3 MRV Organizational Structure ............................................................................... 27 Figure 5-4 MRV Organizational Structure（for tentative operation in the short-term） ........ 28 Figure 6-1 Interview Survey Areas ........................................................................................... 36 Figure 8-1 Proposal for a Pilot Project on MRV System for Urban Railway Sector .............. 50 Table 2-1 Status of Urban Railway Development in Hanoi ...................................................... 5 Table 4-1 Major Methodologies to Estimate GHG Emission Reductions associated with Passenger Modal Shift to Urban Railway ................................................................ 12 Table 4-2 Potential of Relevant Organizations for Data Acquisition ...................................... 20 Table 5-1 Outline of the Methodology for Calculating and Monitoring GHG Emission Reductions .................................................................................................................. 24 Table 5-2 Monitoring Parameters .............................................................................................. 26 Table 5-3 Fixed Parameters ....................................................................................................... 26 Table 5-4 Roles and Responsibilities of Organizations Involved in MRV Systems ............... 28 Table 5-5 Roles and Responsibilities of Organizations Involved（for tentative operation in the Short-Term） ......................................................................................................... 29 Table 5-6 Implementation Procedure for MRV ........................................................................ 30 Table 5-7 Contents of an MRV Plan