APPROACHING EQUITY APPROACHING EQUITY Our effort is to make this 12th Five Year Plan inclusive and to create enabling spaces, where the viewpoints of the most marginalised, disadvantaged and poorest of the poor groups/citizens of our country can be voiced and heard. Our inputs to the Plan approach are formulated keeping Civil Society Inputs for the Approach Paper — 12th Five Year Plan Year Five 12th — Paper Approach SocietyCivil Inputs the for human rights and social justice principles in mind. Civil Society Inputs for the Approach Paper — 12th Five Year Plan WADA NA TODO ABHIYAN The Wada Na Todo Abhiyan (WNTA) is a national campaign. It envisages “holding the government accountable to its promise to end poverty, social exclusion, and discrimination”. At the World Social Forum 2004, Mumbai, human rights activists and social action groups agreed on the need for a forceful, focused, and concerted effort to make a difference to the fact that one-fourth of the world’s poor live in India, and continue to experience intense deprivation of opportunities to learn, live, and work in dignity. The WNTA emerged from this consensus. The WNTA aims to make a difference by monitoring the promises made by the Government of India to meet the objectives set in the UN Millennium Declaration (2000), the National Development Goals, and the promises of the UPA II government with a special focus on the Right to Livelihood, Health, Education and Exclusion. The WNTA works to ensure that the concerns and aspirations of Dalits, Adivasis, nomadic tribes, women, children, youth, people with disability and people living with HIV-AIDS are mainstreamed across programmes, policies, and development goals of the Central and state governments. A WNTA publication, with support from UNDP. The WNTA is a coalition of over 4000 rights action groups across 28 states and three Union Territories of India to link individuals and social groups and engage policy-makers on issues of strategic relevance. The WNTA is also an affiliate of the UN Millennium Campaign (UNMC) and the Global Call to Action against Poverty (GCAP). A Campaign Coordination Group consisting of more than 130 organizations governs the Wada Na Todo Abhiyan. An elected Convenor leads the Group. The Campaign Steering Group functions as the WNTA’s executive committee and comprises 21 elected representatives from the Campaign Co-ordination Group. The National Campaign Coordinator is the Member-Secretary of the Campaign Steering Group. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP, India) The Campaign Secretariat is based in New Delhi. It implements the daily operations of the WNTA and supports the functioning of the different groups and bodies formed through the Campaign Coordination Group under the leadership of the National Campaign Coordinator. Some WNTA Initiatives • All India People’s Manifesto: Developed charter of demands in more than 300 parliamentary constituencies across the country just before the 2009 general election WADA NA TODO ABHIYAN • The first-ever People’s Mid-term Appraisal of the 11th Five Year Plan National Secretariat • Annual Civil Society Review of the UPA II’s promises C-1/E (Second Floor) • Women’s Tribunal against Poverty III: Women’s tribunals are being organized in 10 states, followed by a National Green Park Extension Tribunal in Delhi New Delhi - 110016 • Various activities around UN Millennium Development Goals Tel: + 91 11 46082371 • “Nine is Mine” campaign to demand the allocation of 9 per cent of the GDP to health and education measures Fax: +91 11 46082372 • Bimonthly radio programme “Haq Hamara Wada Tumhara” on AIR 102.6 www.wadanatodo.net Photo credit: Michael Cannon APPROACHING EQUITY CIVIL SOCIETY INPUTS FOR THE APPROACH PAPER — 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN 1 2 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 FOREWORD 5 PREAMBLE 7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHALLENGES 1. Enhancing the capacity for growth 13 2. Enhancing skills and faster generation of employment 21 3. Managing the environment 33 4. Markets for effi ciency and inclusion 43 5. Decentralisation, empowerment and information 47 6. Technology and innovation 69 7. Securing the energy future of india 75 8. Accelerated development of transport infrastructure 79 9. Rural transformation and sustained growth of agriculture 83 10. Managing urbanisation 91 11. Improved access to quality education 99 12. Better preventive and curative health care 111 OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS Urban poor 127 THEMATIC INPUTS from others 1. Maternal health 133 2. Land rights 135 3. Food and nutrition security in the 12th Five Year Plan 138 1 4. Health 140 5. Water 142 6. Right to Education and key challenges 144 7. Resourcing the transparency regime in India 145 8. Inclusive growth ensuring distributive justice from a labour rights perspective 148 9. Climate change 150 10. Energy 153 11. Improving access to quality education 155 12. Mining 164 13. Budget 166 14. Review of the Central Social Welfare Board 171 15. Voluntary sector and government: partners in development 172 16. Governance, institutions and the planning process 173 17. Need for peace and equity audit as a parameter for development planning 175 SUMMARY REPORTS 1. Dalits 179 2. Adolescents 187 3. Muslims 191 4. Elderly 195 5. Migrants 199 6. Advasis 205 7. Youth 210 8. North-east 212 9. Children 217 10. Confl ict 224 APPENDIX 1. Strategy Challenges 229 2. List of CSOs, Individuals and Media in the 12th Five Year Plan Consultations 2010-11 231 3. Abbreviations 242 2 Acknowledgements Wada No Todo Abhiyan, are grateful to all Th ematic Papers We, the organizations, networks, campaigns and 1. Maternal Health – National Alliance for Maternal individuals that participated in the consultation process Health and Human Rights and contributed their invaluable inputs. Th is publication 2. Land Rights – Ekta Parishad has been made possible by their support, participation, and contribution of inputs, time, energy, knowledge, and 3. Food and Nutrition Security in 12th Five Year Plan – dedication. Dipa Sinha, Right to Food Campaign 4. Health – Indranil, Research Scholar, JNU We also would like to acknowledge the eff ort, energy 5. Water – Romit Sen, CSE and commitment of following organizations that anchored 6. Right to Education and Key Challenges – Sandeep the consultations around each subgroup: Mishra, NCE 1. North East – North East Network, 7. Resourcing the Transparency Regime in India – 2. Youth – JOSH, Th e Tehelka Foundation, Pravah, Venkatesh Nayak, CHRI IYCN, YP Foundation and Liberal Youth Forum 8. Inclusive Growth Ensuring Distributive Justice from a 3. Women – Women Power Connect, JAGORI, UN Labour Rights Perspective – J John, CEC Women, CBGA, NAWO, EKTA 9. Climate Change – Aditi Kapoor 4. Children – IACR, Plan4Children Collective, MCF, 10. Energy – Vinuta Gopal, Greenpeace CRY, HAQ, SCF, NCDHR, JWP, Plan India, CRT, Mobile Creches, KCRO, WVI, Young Lives, CINI 11. Improving Access to Quality Education – Anjela Taneja, Oxfam India 5. Dalits – NCDHR, NACDOR, NDF, NFDW 12. Mining – R Sreedhar, Convenor, Mines, Minerals and 6. Adivasis – Ekta Parishad People 7. Transgenders – UNDP 13. Budget – Centre for Budget and Governance 8. Migrants – International Organization for Migration, Accountability UNDP 14. Central Social Welfare Board – Kalyani Menon-Sen 9. Confl ict – COVA, Ekta Parishad, SANSAD, PUCAAR, 15. Voluntary Sector – VANI ASHA Parivar 16. Policies and Programmes for the Older Persons in India: 10. Urban Poor – Hazards Centre, Swaasthya, IGSSS, A Background Paper – Prof. S Siva Raju, TISS Green Flag, Action Aid 17. Governance, Institutions and the Planning Process – 11. Muslims – TPMS, NACDOR National Social Watch Coalition 12. People with Disability – VSO, Aarth Astha India 18. Need for Peace and Equity Audit as a Parameter for 13. Elderly – HelpAge India, TISS Development Planning – Mazher Hussain, COVA 14. Adolescents – Swaasthya, CHETNA, Smile Foundation 19. Inputs for the Child Health Approach Paper 12th Five 15. PLHIV – UNDP, Indian Network of People Living Year Plan – Dr. Rajiv Tandon, Save the Children with HIV A full list of civil society organisations, individuals and 16. Decentralization – Decentralization Community, media organisation can be found in Appendix 2. Solution Exchange, UNDP We are very grateful to UNDP for supporting these consultations. 3 4 Foreword Historically, civil society groups have engaged with the challenges around which they would like to prepare the Planning Commission by both constructively critiquing it approach paper. as well as engaging with it to either develop plans, and/or by serving as advisors. As a result of the sustained, long- It was decided that national consultations around 16 standing eff ort to have civil society perspectives inform social groups would be held before the approach paper is planning and make it a people-oriented process, the Planning prepared, and an attempt would be made to get regional Commission has, in a pathbreaking move, approached civil inputs by spreading national consultations geographically. society organisations to engage with them openly, formally Diff erent civil society groups representing these communities and systemically and opened up the process for inputs into and working with them would lead the process, where the the approach paper (instead of sharing and seeking inputs attempt would be to reach out further to all the actors after the draft approach paper is ready). working with the same social groups across the country. It was also decided that the Planning Commission members Civil society groups feel this move is a key