A SURVEY ON HEALTH STATUS OF WOMEN BEEDI WORKERS IN MUKKUDAL Minor Research Project Report Submitted to MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION Prof. B. William Dharma Raja Co-ordinator, PMMMNMTT/MHRD/GOI Professor& Head, School of Education Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Tirunelveli Tamilnadu - 627012. Submitted by Dr.S.Alamelumangai Assistant Professor Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli- 627012. Tamilnadu, India. Page CONTENTS No Foreword by Prof. P. Madhava Soma Sundram i Acknowledgements ii Preface iii List of Tables iv CHAPTER – I INTRODUCTION 1-8 CHAPTER –II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 9- 17 CHAPTER – III RESEARCH METHODOL OGY 18-26 27-45 CHAPTER – IV SOCIO- DEMOCRAPHIC CHARATESTIC AND HEALTH STATUS OF WOMEN BEEDI WORKERS 46- 53 CHAPTER – V SUMMARY, FINDINGS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CHAPTER – VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 54-56 B1—B4 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX INTERVIEW SCHEDULE A1- A3 PHOTOS kNdhd;kzpak; Re;judhh; gy;fiyf;fofk; MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY Reaccredited with “A” Grade by NAAC (3rd Cycle) Director, Planning & Development TIRUNELVELI – 627 012. TAMILNADU, INDIA Prof. P. Madhava Soma Sundaram Director, Planning & Development FOREWORD Beedi rolling causes significant health hazards. Beedi rollers are exposed to unburnt tobacco dust through cutaneous and pharyngeal route. The International Labor Organization cites ailments such as exacerbation of tuberculosis, asthma, anemia, giddiness, postural and eye problems, and gynecological difficulties among beedi workers. They are not aware of their rights. Studies have been conducted on beedi workers but not many studies are carried out in rural areas. Thus, any study that is carried out to understand working condition and health hazards in beedi workers residing in the rural areas, adds value to the domain. This research, titled “A Survey on Health Status of Women Beedi Workers in Mukkudal”, does exactly that and is a revealing work that reads the health challenging issues of the beedi rolling workers in the Mukkudal area of the Tirunelveli district in Tamilnadu. The research focuses on the procedure of the plans that have to be implemented to develop the health status of the people in the area. This research provides a measure to gauge the health status of the people especially women who undergo a variety of health challenging issues due to beedi rolling and they have no alternate work for their livelihood. Hence, policymakers may get insights into their lives and they will be able to pay better attention to these research findings so that feasible measures may be adopted for the people in the area of Mukkudal to have a healthy living. I appreciate the researcher, Ms.S.Alamelumangai, MSU, who has put in the hard work for the conceptualization of the research, in the collection of data and for suggesting the preventive measures for the better livelihood of the people in the Mukkudal area of the Tirunelveli District in Tamil Nadu. March 2020 - Prof. P. Madhava Soma Sundaram Director, Planning & Development i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost of my duty is to thank the almighty the giving this a life and career in Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive them Manonmaniam Sundaranar University administration the Funding the Research under PMMMNMTT unmerged Scheme and reasonable time to complete the same. I profusely express our deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to Honourable Vice-Chancellor respected Prof. (Dr) K.Pitchumani, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli for his inspiring guidance with unstinted encouragement throughout Minor Research Project. With immense pleasure and a profound sense of gratitude, I take this opportunity to express my heartfelt sincere thanks to him. Extend my gratitude to Dr.S.Santhosh Baboo, Registrars, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli for their kind help during my minor research project period. I express heartfelt thanks to Prof. Dr. B.William Dharma Raja, Co-ordinator PMMMNMTT, Professor and Head Department of Education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli I wish to express my sincere respects and thanks to Dr. P. Madhava Soma Sundaram, Professor, and Head, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Former Syndicate Member, Director in Planning and Development, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli for valuable suggestions, advice, and constructive ideas for completing this minor research project. I find inadequate words to express my feeling and deepest sense of gratitude committee members of the PMMMNMTT, Dr.S.Prabahar. Professor, Dean of Language Department of English, and Dr.N.Krishnan, Professor, Centre fox information Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli. I am grateful to extend here sincere thanks to Professor Dr. S Samuel Asir Raj, Director CSSE&IP, Professor and Head, of the moral support and creating a congenial atmosphere which helped me to complete the minor research project. ii I am also grateful to Prof. Dr.R.Maruthakutti Department of Sociology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli for his consent motivation and supports during my course of occupation and support until. I find words to express our feeling and deepest sense of gratuities to Dr.Syed Umnarhathab, Dr. T.Yuvaraj, Dr.H.Deepa, and Dr.R.Sivakumar Assistant Professor and research team Mrs. S.P.Selvi Junior Assistant, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, for their valuable contribution during their wholehearted support and who have always inspired us to translate any academic interest of their dreams into action. Quite a number of friends helped us in different ways from data collection time to time completing a minor research project, I sincerely thank to all of them. I express my appreciation to my husband Mr.K.Bowjil Raja, for failures in discharging some work obligations throughout this Project and my wishes to beloved kids’ B. Avinesh and B.Krishnaraj for cooperating without any obstacles. Last but not least the Investigator wishes to extend her heartfelt thanks to who has always inspired us to direct and indirect supporters of her project work. S. Alamelumangai iii PREFACE Understanding women's beedi worker health is important for several reasons. Health has infiltrated into all aspects of public life in India, making people lose their faith in a democratic place. Health is has blamed for failures as India as a superpower in recent years. At the same time, health is viewed As one of the Main Obstacle to Democratic places .yet very little is known conclusively about causes women beedi workers health essential the figure of the enforcement agency is unrealistic and does not show any real picture, an attempt has been made to understand the prevalence of health at grass root level awareness towards and health document the same. There are enormous problems that the issue of women's health. This book is an attempt to successfully address their unfavorable conditions that prevails in the contemporary Indian health system towards the reduction of health problems vulnerable people. The positivity of people's health which was underestimated in the fight against health beedi rollers is disproved in this place of work, a large number of people denote willing but they are unaware of means to do? Who to approach? Whether a reverse action is possible? Hence, this attempt has highlighted issues to the report that have a high incidence of occupational diseases owing to exposure to tobacco and postural problems arising out of the monotonous. Beedi workers in the Mukkudal area rural people accounted for so many problems breathing problems, Asthma, Cancer, Leg pain, Spinal cord pain, cough, stress, piles, eye problems, Back pain, dysentery, Lung diseases, Blood vomiting and Hand stroking others diseases, because of beedi worker in Mukkudal area respiratory, back pain, knee pain, severe headache, dysentery, eye defects and affected by cancer. I hope the book underlines and has chalked out of gaps in procedures, practices, and mid and low level of women beedi worker's health. iv LIST OF TABLES Table. Descriptions Page No No. 3.1 Population Statistics in Tirunelveli District 19 3.2 State-wise Number. of Identified Beedi Workers in India 20 3.3 Sampling Procedure and Selection of Respondents 21 4.1 Distribution of the Respondents according to their Age Group 27 4.2 Distribution of the Respondents according to their Religions 28 4.3 Distribution of the Respondents according to their caste 29 4.4 Distribution of the Respondents according to their Education Qualification 30 4.5 Distribution of the Respondents according to their Marital Status 31 4.6 32 Distribution of the Respondents according to their Nature of family 4.7 Distribution of the Respondents according to their Monthly Income of 33 Family 4.8 Distribution of the respondents their how many years are you doing this 34 beedi work 4.9 Distribution of the Respondents According to their beedi workers opinion 35 on the Health Status 4.10 Distribution of the Respondents According to their Doctor Consultation 37 about the diseases 4.11 Distribution of the Respondents According to their Continuous 37 Medical Treatment 4.12 Distribution of the Respondents According to their without knowing the 38 Diseases v Table. Descriptions Page No No. Distribution of the Respondents According to their Good Health and 4.13 38 Completely Recovered Distribution of the Respondents According to their received others' 4.14 39 advice about stopping 4.15 Distribution