NASA’s (evolving) Climate Strategy Gavin Schmidt Climate Change Sr. Climate Advisor to NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies NASA EARTH FLEET Current and Future Climate-related Missions OPERATING & FUTURE THROUGH 2023 TEMPO TROPICS NISAR TSIS-2 MAIA PREFIRE SWOT GEOCARB LANDSAT-9 GLIMR SENTINEL-6 Michael Freilich INVEST/CUBESAT PACE ICESAT-2 S GRACE-FO TEMPEST-D DSCOVR CSIM LANDSAT 8 CIRiS ISS Instruments HARP SUOMI NPP CLARREO-PF SNoOPI EMIT JASON 3 HyTI SAGE III CTIM TSIS-1 OCO-2 TACOS OCO-3 CALIPSO NACHOS GEDI LIS SMAP ECOSTRESS JPSS-2 , 3, & 4 CYGNSS Instruments CLOUDSAT OMPS-Limb LANDSAT 7 LIBERAEOS Instruments GPM MISR TERRA MLS DSCOVR Instruments AURA OMI NISTAR MOPITT EPIC AQUA 2/19/21 19892019 Mountain Glaciers • Landsat (since 1982) • LandSat 4/5/7/8 • Columbia Glacier, AK Ice Sheet Mass • GRACE (2002-2017) • GRACE-FO (since 2018) • Trends April 2002-Dec 2020 -148 Gt/yr -280 Gt/yr 4 Sea Level Rise • Since 1993 • TOPEX/POSEIDON • JASON-1 • JASON-2 • JASON-3 • Sentinel-6 Mike Frielich Land surface properties topography, emissions Model inputs Climate Models Global, regional evaluations and predictions • Need process-level information, boundary conditions, drivers. Model Parameterization evaluation development • e.g. GISS ModelE, NCAR CESM, GFDL CM, Process-related diagnostics etc. from low earth orbit and flight campaigns • Tuning/Calibration best done without looking at Global trends. Perturbed physics ensembles plus tuning Machine Learning to match satellite metrics (with uncertainties) across 40+ model parameters 6 Sustainable Aviation • Airspace Operations research to reduce fuel use • More efficient engines • New designs for net-zero flying USE • hydrogen fuel cells LESS ENERGY • turbo-electric powertrains by aircraft design • X-57 All-electric flight demonstrator - first tests in FY21, USE CLEANER FUEL flight demonstration in FY22. full lifecycle USE LESS ENERGY by how you fly 7 Partners not just users • Agencies • Local Government • Non-profits • Business • Community groups • International agencies The Future of Climate Services • Multi-agency • Collaborative • Cloud-based datasets • Crowd-sourced tools • Expert guidance and training for stakeholders and decision-makers https://toolkit.climate.gov.