https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19970010379 2020-06-16T02:41:52+00:00Z NASA Technical Memorandum 107318 RL10A-3-3A Rocket Engine Modeling Project Michael Binder NYMA, Inc. Brook Park, Ohio Thomas Tomsik and Joseph P. Veres Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio January 1997 NationalAeronauticsand Space Administration TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ° Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Overview of the RL10A-3-3A Rocket Engine ............................................................................................ 2 2.1 Engine System Configuration and Operation ....................................................................... 2 2.2 Fuel Turbopump ..................................................................................................... 4 2.3 Oxygen (LOX) Pump ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.4 Regenerative Cooling Jacket ....................................................................................................... 5 2.5 Combustion Chamber and Nozzle ......................................................................................... 6 2.6 Valves, Ducts and Manifolds ............................................................................................................. 6 3. Project Organization and Goals ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Turbomachinery Modeling Goals .................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Combustion and Heat Transfer Modeling Goals .......................................................... 8 3.3 Ducts, Manifolds, and Valves Modeling Goals ........................................................................ 8 3A System Modeling Goals .......................................................................................................... 8 4. Component Modeling Results ............................................................................................................................. 9 4.1 Turbomachinery Modeling Results ................................................................................................... 9 4.1.1 Verification of Pump Performance Test Data ............................................................. 9 4.1.2 Extension of Pump Maps for Start and Shutdown Conditions ................................... 9 4.1.2.1 Extension of Pump Maps to Start Conditions ............................................. 10 4.1.2.2 Extension of Pump Maps to Shut-Down Conditions .............................. 11 4.1.2.3 Effects of Density Changes on Pump Performance Models ................... 11 4.1.3 Verification of Fuel Turbine Performance Test Data .................................................. 12 4.1.4 Extension of Turbine Maps ........................................................................................ 12 4.2 Combustion and Heat Transfer Modeling Results ......................................................................... 13 4.2.1 Enhanced Combustion Gas Properties ........................................................................... 13 4.2.2 Cooling Jacket Heat Transfer Model ................................................................................... 13 4.2.3 Thrust Chamber Performance Calculations ........................................................................... 15 4.2_3.1 One-dimensional combustion model layout ....................................................... 15 4.2.3.2 Detailed modeling of the chamber injector ........................................................ 16 4.2.3.3 Nozzle performance models ........................................................................ 16 4.2.3.4 Two-phase flow through nozzle ........................................................... 17 4.2.4 Injector Heat-Transfer Calculations .................................................................... 17 4.3 Duct, Valve, and Manifold Modeling Results ............................................................ 18 4.3.1 Verification of Duct, Manifold Sizes ............................................................................. 18 4.3.2 Prediction of Fluid Frictional Resistances ...................................................................... 18 4.3.3 Modeling of Valve Actuator Mechanisms .................................................................... 19 4.3.4 Modeling of Critical Two-Phase Flow Through a Valve or Orifice ................................ 19 4.3.5 Model of Flow Through Venturi .............................................................................. 21 4.4 The New RL10A-3-3A System Model ............................................................................................ 22 4.4.1 Evaluation of Component Models/Integration With New System Model ....................... 21 4.4.2 Differences Between Start and Shutdown System Models .................................................. 22 5. ModelingUncertainties ..................................................................................... 22 5.1 Hardware Uncertainties .................................................................. .23 5.2 Valve Uncertainties .............................................................................................. 23 5.3 Uncertainty of Initial Conditions .......................................................................... 24 5.4 Uncertainty in Ignition Time ....................................................................................... 24 5.5 Interaction Between Uncertain Parameters ........................................................................... 25 6. Comparison of System Model Predictions With Test Data .................................................................... 25 6.1 Verification of Steady State Performance Predictions .................... 25 6-2 Verification for Start Transient Simulations .......................................................... 26 6.3 Verification of Shutdown Transient Simulations ....... 27 7. Discussion of Modeling Results ............................................................................................27 7.1 Discussion of Turbomachinery Investigation ................................................................................... 27 7-2 Discussion of Combustion and Heat Transfer Investigation ................................................ 28 7.3 Discussion of Duct, Manifold and Valve Investigation .................................................................. 29 7.4 Discussion of System Model Simulation Results .................................................................................. 29 8. Concluding Remarks .............................................................................................................................................. 29 9. Recommendations for Future Research ........................................................................................ 31 10. Def'mition of Terms ............................................................................................................. 33 11. Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... 34 12. Appendixes A RL10A-3-3A Engine System Model for ROCETS .................................................................................... 87 B----Component Modeling of RL10 Fuel and Oxidizer Pumps ............................................................... 89 C---Component Modeling of RL10 Fuel Turbine .................................................................... 109 D---Component Modeling of RL 10A-3-3A Cooling Jacket ................................................ 119 E---Component Modeling of RL10 Injector, Combustion Chamber, and Nozzle ................... 135 F---Component Modeling of RL10 Injector Heat Transfer ............................................................... 149 G---Component Modeling of RL10 Duct Flow ..................................................................... 157 H Modeling of Two-Phase (Liquid/Gas) Flow ................................................................... 163 I---Symbols ......................................................................................................................... 171 J--Glossary of Model Component Names ................................................................................................. 173 13. References ................................................................................................................................................... 175 14. Tables 2.2.1--Summary of Fuel Turbopump Characteristics .............................................................................. 4 2.3.1---Summary of LOX Pump Characteristics ............................................................................................ 5 2.4.1mSummary of Cooling Jacket Characteristics ............................................................................... 5 2.5.1--Summary of Combustion Chamber/Nozzle Characteristics ................................................ 6 2.6.1--Summary of Major Duct and Valve Characteristics ................................................................ 7 4-2.1mDescription of Combustion Property Tables for RL10 Model .....................................................