Index of Living and Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970 PORTER M. KIER and MARY HURD LAWSON SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY NUMBER 34 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world cf science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover. S. Dillon Ripley Secretary Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY • NUMBER 34 Index of Living and Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970 Porter M. Kier and Mary Hurd Lawson SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1978 ABSTRACT Kier, Porter M., and Mary Hurd Lawson. Index of Living and Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, number 34, 182 PaS^> 1978.—All new taxa of fossil and living echinoids described from 1924 to 1970 are listed with their age, geographic and stratigraphic occurrence, and biblio­ graphic citation. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The trilobite Phacops rana Green. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kier, Porter M. Index of living and fossil echinoids 1924—1970. (Smithsonian contributions to paleobiology ; no. 34) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Sea-urchins. 2. Sea-urchins, Fossil. I. Lawson, Mary Hurd, joint author. II. Title. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to paleobiology ; no. 34. [DNLM: 1. Sea urchins—Classification. 2. Paleontology. Wl SM454G no. 34 / QL382 K47i] QE701.S56 no. 34 [QL384.E2] 560'.8s [593\95] 77-608074 Contents Page Introduction Class ECHINOIDEA Leske Subclass PERISCHOECHINOIDEA M'Coy Superorder MEGALOPODACEA Durham Order BOTHRIOCIDAROIDA Zittel Family BOTHRIOCIDARIDAE Klem Order ECHINOCYSTITOIDA Jackson 2 Family ECHINOCYSTITIDAE Gregory 2 Family LEPIDESTHIDAE Jackson 2 Family LEPIDOCENTRIDAE Loven 3 Family Uncertain 4 Order PALAECHINOIDA Haeckel 4 Family PALAECHINIDAE M'Coy 4 Family CRAVENECHINIDAE Hawkins 5 Order CIDAROIDA Claus 5 Family ARCHAEOCIDARIDAE M'Coy 5 Family MIOCIDARIDAE Durham and Melville 6 Family CIDARIDAE Gray 7 Subfamily HISTOCIDARINAE Mortensen 7 Subfamily CTENOCIDARINAE Mortensen 7 Subfamily GONIOCIDARINAE Mortensen 8 Subfamily STEREOCIDARINAE Lambert 10 Subfamily RHABDOCIDARINAE Lambert 11 Subfamily CIDARINAE Gray 14 Family PSYCHOCIDARIDAE Ikeda 18 Family DIPLOCIDARIDAE Gregory 19 Order Uncertain 19 Family Uncertain 19 Subclass EUECHINOIDEA Bronn 19 Superorder DIADEMATACEA Duncan 19 Order ECHINOTHURIOIDA Claus 19 Family ECHINOTHURIIDAE Thomson 19 Subfamily ECHINOTHURIINAE Thomson 19 Subfamily PHORMOSOMATINAE Mortensen 20 Order DIADEMATOIDA Duncan 21 Family DIADEMATIDAE Gray 21 Family MICROPYGIDAE Mortensen 22 Family ASPIDODIADEMATIDAE Duncan 22 Family Uncertain 22 Order PEDINOIDA Mortensen 22 Family PEDINIDAE Pomel 22 Family Uncertain 23 in iv SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY Page Order PYGASTEROIDA Durham and Melville 23 Family PYGASTERIDAE Lambert ^ Superorder ECHINACEA Claus Order SALENIOIDA Delage and Herouard Family ACROSALENIIDAE Gregory Family SALENIIDAE L. Agassiz Subfamily SALENIINAE L. Agassiz Order HEMICIDAROIDA Beurlen 27 Family HEMICIDARIDAE Wright Family PSEUDODIADEMATIDAE Pomel ~", Order PHYMOSOMATOIDA Mortensen 30 Family PHYMOSOMATIDAE Pomel Family STOMECHINIDAE Pomel Family Uncertain Order ARBACIOIDA Gregory Family ARBACIIDAE Gray ! '_ Order TEMNOPLEUROIDA Mortensen 3' 37 Family GLYPHOCYPHIDAE Duncan Family TEMNOPLEURIDAE A. Agassiz 38 Family TOXOPNEUSTIDAE Troschel 43 Family Uncertain 44 Order ECHINOIDA Claus 45 Family ECHINIDAE Gray 45 Family ECHINOMETRIDAE Gray 46 Family STRONGYLOCENTROTIDAE Gregory 46 Family PARASALENIIDAE Mortensen 47 Superorder Uncertain (ECHINACEA or DIADEMATACEA) 47 Order ORTHOPSIDA Mortensen 47 Family ORTHOPSIDAE Duncan 47 Doubtful Genera of Regular Echinoids 48 Superorder GNATHOSTOMATA Zittel 49 Order HOLECTYPOIDA Duncan 49 Suborder HOLECTYPINA Duncan 49 Family HOLECTYPIDAE Lambert 49 Family ANORTHOPYGIDAE Wagner and Durham 49 Family DISCOIDIDAE Lambert 50 Suborder ECHINONEINA H. L. Clark 50 Family ECHINONEIDAE Agassiz and Desor 50 Family CONULIDAE Lambert 51 Family GALERITIDAE Gray 52 Family Uncertain 52 Suborder CONOCLYPINA Haeckel 52 Family CONOCLYPIDAE Zittel 52 Family OLIGOPYGIDAE Duncan 53 Suborder Uncertain 55 Family Uncertain 55 Order CLYPEASTEROIDA A. Agassiz 55 Suborder CLYPEASTERINA A. Agassiz 55 NUMBER 34 Page Family CLYPEASTERIDAE L. Agassiz 55 Family ARACHNOIDIDAE Duncan ou Subfamily ARACHNOIDINAE Duncan fid Subfamily AMMOTROPHINAE Durham fin Suborder LAGANINA Mortensen fifl Family FIBULARIIDAE Gray Family LAGANIDAE A. Agassiz Family NEOLAGANIDAE Durham fifi Suborder SCUTELLINA Haeckel fifi Family SCUTELLIDAE Gray Family PROTOSCUTELLIDAE Durham fifi Family EOSCUTELLIDAE Durham Family DENDRASTERIDAE Lambert Family ECHINARACHNIIDAE Lambert fiQ • 71 Family MONOPHORASTERIDAE Lahille '1 Family MELLITIDAE Stefanini Family ASTRICLYPEIDAE Stefanini Family ABERTELLIDAE Durham '4 74 Family SCUTASTERIDAE Durham ' * Suborder ROTULINA Durham ' Family ROTULIDAE Gray 7' 4 Suborder Uncertain '4 74 Family Uncertain ' [ _. 74 Superorder ATELOSTOMATA Zittel ' Order CASSIDULOIDA Claus ' Order GALEROPYGOIDA Mintz '4 Family GALEROPYGIDAE Lambert '4 Family CLYPEIDAE Lambert '5 Family NUCLEOLITIDAE L. Agassiz and Desor '" Family ECHINOLAMPADIDAE Gray '8 Family FAUJASIIDAE Lambert Family ARCHIACIIDAE Cotteau and Triger 83 Family CASSIDULIDAE L. Agassiz and Desor 83 Family CLYPEOLAMPADIDAE Kier 86 Family PLIOLAMPADIDAE Kier 87 Family APATOPYGIDAE Kier fifi • fifi Family Uncertain Order HOLASTEROIDA Durham and Melville 89 Family COLLYRITIDAE d'Orbigny 89 Subfamily COLLYRITINAE Beurlen 89 Order DISASTEROIDA Mintz 89 Family DISASTERIDAE A. Gras 90 Family ACROLUSIIDAE Mintz 90 Family TITHONIIDAE Mintz 90 Family HOLASTERIDAE Pictet 90 Suborder URECHININA H. L. Clark 94 Family URECHINIDAE Duncan 94 Order POURTALESIOIDA Mintz 94 Vi SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY Page Family PORTALESIIDAE A. Agassiz 94 Family STENONASTERIDAE Lambert 94 Family SOMALIASTERIDAE Wagner and Durham 94 Family Uncertain 95 Order SPATANGOIDA Claus "^ Suborder TOXASTERINA A. G. Fischer ys Family TOXASTERIDAE Lambert 95 Qfi Suborder HEMIASTERINA A. G. Fischer yo Family HEMIASTERIDAE Clark Qfyoi 1 no Family PALAEOSTOMATIDAE Loven 1UA Family PERICOSMIDAE Lambert "^ Family SCHIZASTERIDAE Lambert I"3 Suborder MICRASTERINA A. G. Fischer * *•" Family MICRASTERIDAE Lambert *•*•" Family BRISSIDAE Gray *** Family UNIEASCIIDAE Cooke 120 Family SPATANGIDAE Gray 120 Family LOVENIIDAE Lambert 121 Suborder ASTEROSTOMATINA A. G. Fischer 122 Family ASTEROSTOMATIDAE Pictet 122 Suborder Uncertain 124 Family Uncertain 124 Order NEOLAMPADOIDA Philip 125 Suborder NEOLAMPADINA Philip 125 Family NEOLAMPADIDAE Lambert 125 Superclass GNATHOSTOMATA or ATELOSTOMATA 125 Order Uncertain 125 Doubtful Nominal Genera of Echinoids 125 Literature Cited 126 Index 148 Index of Living and Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970 Porter M. Kier and Mary Hurd Lawson Introduction The present list is arranged by taxonomic hier­ archy with the geological time sequence indicated Fifty years have passed since Lambert and Thiery by headings at the generic and specific levels. compiled their list of living and fossil echinoids. Within a generic or specific entry, brackets enclose Since that time many new species and genera have locality information and parentheses enclose fur­ been described. The result has been an increasing ther levels of geological time or stratigraphic infor­ need for an update to this compilation. To satisfy mation. this need we have prepared this supplement to ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—We wish to thank the staffs Lambert and Thiery's work. of the Smithsonian Institution and the United The list was prepared from the citations in the States Geological Survey libraries—in particular, Zoological Record from 1924 to 1970. Citations be­