Reconfigurable antennas for mobile phone and WSN applications Le-Huy Trinh To cite this version: Le-Huy Trinh. Reconfigurable antennas for mobile phone and WSN applications. Other. Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2015. English. NNT : 2015NICE4047. tel-01202344 HAL Id: tel-01202344 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01202344 Submitted on 20 Sep 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE DE NICE-SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS ECOLE DOCTORALE STIC SCIENCES ET TECHNOLOGIES DE L’INFORMATION ET DE LA COMMUNICATION T H E S E pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur en Sciences de l’Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis Mention : Electronique présentée et soutenue par Le Huy TRINH RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNAS FOR MOBILE PHONE AND WSN APPLICATIONS Thèse dirigée par Jean-Marc RIBERO soutenue le 15 Juillet 2015 Jury : M. T. P. VUONG Professeur des Universités, INP de Grenoble Membre M. C. DELAVEAUD Ingénieur, CEA-LETI de Grenoble Rapporteur M. L. CIRIO Professeur des Universités, UPEM Rapporteur M. L. LIZZI Maître de conférences, UNSA Co-Encadrant M. F. FERRERO Maître de conférences, UNSA Co-Directeur M. J. M. RIBERO Professeur des Universités, UNSA Directeur M. P. RATAJCZAK Ingénieur, Orange Labs Invité M. F. CANNEVA Ingénieur, Ethertronics Invité 2 For my wife and my family Nice, 15/07/2015 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... 5 TABLE OF ACRONYMS .......................................................................................................... 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................ 11 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 15 1. MOBILE PHONE NETWORKS ................................................................................................. 21 1.1. Evolution of mobile phone networks ............................................................................. 21 1.2. Antenna Challenges .............................................................................................................. 24 1.3. Proposed Solutions ............................................................................................................... 25 2. WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ........................................................................................... 26 2.1. Antenna Challenges .............................................................................................................. 28 2.2. Proposed Solutions ............................................................................................................... 29 REFERENCE OF THIS CHAPTER ...................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER II ACTIVE COMPONENTS AND WHITESPACE ANTENNA EXAMPLE . 31 1. ANALYSIS OF RECONFIGURABLE COMPONENTS ............................................................ 33 1.1. PIN Diode .................................................................................................................................. 33 1.2. MEMS Switch ........................................................................................................................... 33 1.3. Optoelectronic Switch .......................................................................................................... 34 1.4. Varactor diode ........................................................................................................................ 34 1.5. Digital Tunable Capacitor (DTC) ...................................................................................... 34 2. CONTROLLED SYSTEM ............................................................................................................ 36 3. RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA FOR WHITE SPACE APPLICATIONS ........................... 37 3.1. State of the art ........................................................................................................................ 37 3.2. Antenna Design ...................................................................................................................... 40 3.3. Simulation Results ................................................................................................................ 41 3.4. Measurement Results .......................................................................................................... 45 3.5. Approach of Antenna Diversity System ......................................................................... 46 3.6. Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) ......................................................................... 47 4. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................... 48 REFERENCE OF THIS CHAPTER ...................................................................................... 50 CHAPTER III MOBILE PHONE ANTENNA AND MIMO APPLICATIONS ................. 53 1. STATE OF ARTS .......................................................................................................................... 55 2. PASSIVE MULTIBAND ANTENNA FOR 2G, 3G AND 4G APPLICATIONS .................... 58 2.1. Antenna design ...................................................................................................................... 59 2.2. Results and discussion ........................................................................................................ 61 2.3. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 64 5 3. MIMO MULTIBAND ANTENNA FOR SPECTRA PROJECT ............................................... 64 3.1. Antenna design ...................................................................................................................... 65 3.2. Results and discussion ........................................................................................................ 68 3.3. Conclusion and perspective ............................................................................................... 69 4. RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA FOR EXTENSION OF LTE OPERATIONAL MODE OVER TV WHITE SPACES ................................................................................................................ 70 4.1. Antenna design ...................................................................................................................... 70 4.2. Results and discussion ........................................................................................................ 73 4.3. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 79 REFERENCE OF THIS CHAPTER ...................................................................................... 80 CHAPTER IV RADIATION PATTERN RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA FOR WSN . 81 1. STATE OF ARTS .......................................................................................................................... 83 2. ON ROOF BEAM‐STEERING ANTENNA FOR CAR‐TO‐CAR APPLICATIONS .............. 86 2.1. The design approach for the synthesis of pattern reconfigurable antenna 1 .. 86 2.1.1. Synthesis approach ........................................................................................................... 86 2.1.2. Numerical validation ........................................................................................................ 87 2.2. Antenna design ...................................................................................................................... 89 2.3. Results and discussion ........................................................................................................ 91 2.4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 95 3. MINIATURE PATTERN‐RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA FOR SMART WIRELESS SENSOR NODES .................................................................................................................................. 95 3.1. The design approach for the synthesis of pattern reconfigurable antenna 2 .. 95 3.1.1. Synthesis approach ........................................................................................................... 95 3.1.2. Numerical results ............................................................................................................... 97 3.2. Antenna design ...................................................................................................................... 99 3.3. Results and discussion ..................................................................................................... 101 3.4. Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................