Time : 3 Hours 15 Minutes Maximum Marks : 100 Economics Karnataka, PUE Solutions Solution of Question Paper 6 1. (c) Chronological classification. [1] 2. (c) Scatter diagram. [1] 3. (a) July, 1991. [1] 4. (c) Structural. [1] 5. (c) Consumer Price Index. [1] 6. Late 1970s [1] 7. demand pull inflation [1] 8. stability [1] 9. Deciles [1] 10. designations [1] 11. (i) (d), (ii) (e), (iii) (a), (iv) (b), (v) (c). [5] 12. All those activities which contribute to Gross National Product through production of goods and establish exchange are called economic activities. [1] 13. Energy being generated from cow dung, agricultural wastes and other biological materials is known as bio-energy. [1] 14. Renewable resources are those resources which can be used without the possibility of being exhausted. [1] 15. There are two main sources of data : (i) Internal (ii) External. [1] 16. A simple table is one in which data are presented according to one characteristic only. [1] 17. Functions of statistics are : (i) Statistics is helpful in formulating the economic policies. [1] (ii) It presents the facts in a definite and precise form. [1] 18. Qualities of a good questionnaire are : (i) The questions should be brief. [1] (ii) Questions should be simple, clear and unambiguous. [1] 19. Two types of bar diagram are : (i) Simple bar diagram, (ii) Multiple bar diagram. [1+1=2] 20. Two types of Arithmetic Mean are : (i) Simple Arithmetic Mean, (ii) Weighted Arithmetic Mean. [2] 21. Ogive can be obtained by calculating either less than cumulative frequencies or more than cumulative frequency and by plotting the cumulative frequency data on graph paper in the form of a smoothed curve which is known as Ogive. [2] 2 OSWAAL Karnataka PUE, Sample Question Papers, Economics, I PUC 22. Arrange the data in ascending order : X = 5, 7, 7, 9, 11, 12, 15, 18, 25 th N + 1 \ Median (M) = Size of item 2 th th 9 + 1 10 Size of item = Size of item 2 2 = Size of 5th item Size of 5th item is 11, so median = 11. [2] 23. Industrial policy of a government means a policy which gives direction about establishment of industries and working as well as structure of industries. [2] 24. Causes of poverty : (i) Unemployment : The degree of unemployment among the poor is very high so that they are not able to earn the required income to purchase minimum needs of the their family members and thus can be held responsible for poverty. [1] (ii) Rapid growth in population : The single most important reason of poverty is rapid growth of population. This is responsible for low level of income and consumption. [1] 25. There is difference between education and literacy. Education is a much wider concept than literacy. Literacy refers to the ability to read and write. Education includes three parameters i.e., primary education, secondary education and higher education. While all educated people are literate, all literate people are not necessarily educated. [2] 26. The need of agriculture community for the completion of agriculture and related activities is called rural credit. [2] 27. Forms of rural employment in India are : (i) Seasonal unemployment [1] (ii) Disguised unemployment. [1] 28. (a) Infrastructure increaces productivity in primary, secondary and tertiary sector. (b) Infrastructure induces investment. (c) Infrastructure generates linkages in production. (d) Infrastructure enhances size of the market. (e) Infrastructure enhances ability to work. (f) Infrastructure facilitates outsourcing and induces FDI. [2] 29. Thermal Power Plants emit large quantities of carbon dioxide in environment and cause pollution of water, land and environment. [2] 30. Important characteristics of statistics are : (i) Statistics always present facts in numbers. (ii) Statistics makes the complexities simpler. (iii) Statistics shows data in a precise manner. (iv) Data are collected in a systematic manner. (v) Data are collected for achieving pre-determined purposes. [1×4=4] 31. Exclusive Method : In this method, series are so formed that the upper limit of one class-interval is the lower limit of the next class-interval. Here, the upper limit of one class-interval is equal to the lower limit of its next class-interval. Solutions 3 Inclusive Method : In this method, series are so formed that lower limit and the upper limit of a class interval are included in the class itself. Here, the upper limit of one class-interval is not equal to the lower limit of its next class-interval. [4] 32. Size Frequency 0 1 1 7 2 14 3 13 4 5 5 2 6 2 7 1 Total 45 [4] 33. Degree Table Expenditures Expenditure Items Degree (in `) (in Percentage) Food 180 20 72 House Rent 225 25 90 Clothes 135 15 54 Education 90 10 36 Other 270 30 108 Total 900 100 360° Pie-Diagram House Rent 90º 54º Food Clothes 72º Education 36º 108º Others 34. Marks No. of Students 0–10 5 10–20 12 f0 20–30 14 f1 30–40 10 f2 40–50 8 50–60 6 4 OSWAAL Karnataka PUE, Sample Question Papers, Economics, I PUC Mode lies in 20–30 group. ff10− \ Z = L1 + ×i 2 ff10−−f2 14 −12 Þ Z = 20 + ×10 21×−4121− 0 2 = 20 + ×10 28 − 22 20 = 20 + = 20 + 3.33 6 \ Z = 23.33. [4] 35. Features or strategy of New Industrial Policy (1991) are as under : (i) Delicensing (ii) Abolition of registration (iii) Role of public sector was reduced (iv) Foreign capital investment was encouraged (v) Establishment of industries. [1×4=4] 36. Relative poverty in terms of income can be measured by a number of methods but gain method is most popular. Income distribution of the population of different groups is estimated and a comparison of the levels of living of the top 5% to 10% with the bottom 5% to 10% of the population is made. Thus, relative poverty indicates the relative position of the different segment of the population in the income hierarchy. [4] 37. (i) Poverty in India in mid 70’s was slightly more than 50% which means every second Indian was a poor. (ii) Poverty in rural areas had always been on higher side than that in urban areas. (iii) Significant fall in poverty took place in 1977-78 to 1983-84. (iv) Decline in poverty was spectacular between 1993-1994 and 1999-2000. i.e., 10% poverty reduction. (v) Absolute number of poor people in India remained around 32 crore between 1973–1974 to 1993–1994. (Any four) [1×4=4] 38. (i) Human development is a broader term as compared to human capital because human capital is a means to an end, whereas human development is an end in itself. Human capital considers education and health as a means to make human being a good productive person. Human capital is a means to an end where means imply skills that are used in the process of production and end denotes the consequent increase in the productivity. The higher level of output can be achieved through extensive application of human capital. (ii) On the other hand, human development is an end in itself which refers to the holistic development of the individuals. The development can be possible only by acquiring good education and attaining good health. Therefore, education and health are the two main features of human development. Human development occurs when majority of the people in the economy are educated and healthy. Thus, the end signifies the development of an individual via education and health. Therefore, we can conclude that human development is a broader term as compared to human capital. [4] 39. Agricultural credit is very important for the development of agriculture. Private money–orders were not sufficient to meet the required demand of the farmers. So, after independence multi-agency approach as an institutional credit was adopted in India. Multi-agency approach consists of co- operatives, Commercial banks and regional rural banks. It is called national policy also. Main objectives of this policy are as follows : (i) To reduce the importance of money lenders and to abolish them gradually from rural areas. (ii) To reduce regional imbalances. [4] Solutions 5 40. The following measures have been taken by the government to regulate agricultural marketing : (i) Regulation of Markets : The first measure to improve agricultural marketing aspect is regulation of markets to create orderly and transparent marketing conditions. Regulated markets have been established where sale and purchase of the produce is monitored by the Market Committee consisting of representatives of the government, the farmers and the traders. (ii) Improvement in Physical Infrastructure : It is the second measure to improve the agriculture marketing aspect. The current infrastructure facilities like roads, railways, warehouses, godowns, cold storages and processing units, etc. are inadequate to meet the growing demand. Through this measure, government ensures the improvement in physical infrastructure. [4] 41. Incorrect X = 50 SX = X × N Þ SX = 50 × 200 = 10,000 10,(000 −+92 8)(++192 88) Correct Mean = 200 10,000 −+100 280 = 200 Correct Mean = 50.9. [6] 42. X x2 Y y2 x . y x = (X – X ) X = 12 y = Y – Y , Y = 10 10 –2 4 7 –3 9 6 12 0 0 9 –1 1 0 11 –1 1 12 2 4 –2 13 1 1 9 –1 1 –1 12 0 0 13 3 9 0 14 2 4 8 –2 4 –4 9 –3 9 10 0 0 0 12 0 0 12 2 4 0 14 2 4 7 –3 9 –6 13 1 1 13 3 9 3 SX = 120 SX = 0 Sx2 = 24 SY = 100 Sy = 0 Sy2 = 50 Sxy = – 4 Here N = 10 ΣX 120 X = ==12 N 10 ΣY 100 Y = ==10 N 10 Σxy −4 Correlation r = ∴=r ΣΣxy22.