THE H THE HANDBOOK OF A NDBOOK OF BUSINESS DISCOURSE BUSINESS DISCOURSE THE HANDBOOK Edited by Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini The Handbook of Business Discourse is the most comprehensive overview of the field to date. It offers an accessible and authoritative introduction to a range of historical, disciplinary, methodological and localised perspectives on business discourse and addresses many of the pressing issues facing a growing, varied and OF BUSINESS increasingly international field of research. The collection also illustrates some of the challenges of defining and delimiting a relatively recent and eclectic field of studies, including debates on the very definition of ‘business discourse’. Part One includes chapters on the origins, advances and features of business DISCOURSE discourse in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. Part Two covers methodological approaches such as mediated communication, corpus linguistics, organisational discourse, multimodality, race and management communication, Edited by Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini and rhetorical analysis. Part Three moves on to look at disciplinary perspectives such as sociology, pragmatics, gender studies, intercultural communication, linguistic anthropology and business communication. Part Four looks at cultural perspectives across a range of geographical areas including Spain, Brazil, Japan, Korea, China and Vietnam. The concluding section reflects on future developments in Europe, North America and Asia. Key Features • Consists of newly commissioned chapters, authored by a vibrant group of internationally-known experts and emerging younger scholars, representing Edit more than twenty countries Fr ancesca Bar • Individual chapters aim to offer breadth, depth and, where appropriate, ed b illustrative analytical examples, and can be read as self-contained, y mini-introductions to each topic • A valuable resource for students, researchers, teachers and trainers looking for a research-based, wide-ranging introduction to business discourse in a single giela-Chiappini volume Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini is a Senior Research Fellow in the School of Arts and Humanities at Nottingham Trent University Cover design:www.riverdesign.co.uk Cover image: Mindmapping © Sarah N. Bargiela Edinb Edinburgh University Press barcode 22 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LF ISBN 978 0 7486 2801 8 ur gh www.euppublishing.com The Handbook of Business Discourse M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd i 9/4/09 14:33:41 M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd ii 9/4/09 14:33:41 THE HANDBOOK OF BUSINESS DISCOURSE Edited by Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd iii 9/4/09 14:33:41 © editorial matter and organisation Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini, 2009 © the chapters and their several authors, 2009 Edinburgh University Press Ltd 22 George Square, Edinburgh www.euppublishing.com Typeset in 10/12 Ehrhardt MT and Gill Sans by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 0 7486 2801 8 (hardback) The right of the contributors to be identifi ed as authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd iv 9/4/09 14:33:41 Contents Foreword viii Acknowledgements ix Editorial advisory board x Notes on contributors xi Reviewers xviii Transcription conventions xx Introduction: Business discourse 1 Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini Part One: Foundation and Context 1 Europe: the state of the fi eld 18 Catherine Nickerson and Brigitte Planken 2 New Zealand and Australia: the state of the fi eld 30 Theodore E. Zorn and Mary Simpson 3 North America: the state of the fi eld 43 Deborah C. Andrews 4 Discourse, communication and organisational ontology 53 Boris H. J. M. Brummans, François Cooren and Mathieu Chaput Part Two: Approaches and Methodologies 5 Rhetorical analysis 68 Mark Zachry 6 Organisational discourse analysis 80 Rick Iedema and Hermine Scheeres 7 Ethnomethodology 92 Dalvir Samra-Fredericks M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd v 9/4/09 14:33:41 vi THE HANDBOOK OF BUSINESS DISCOURSE 8 Corpus linguistics 105 Tony Berber Sardinha and Leila Barbara 9 Critical studies 119 Stanley Deetz and John G. McClellan 10 Mediated communication 132 Julio Gimenez 11 Negotiation studies 142 Anne Marie Bülow 12 Multimodal analysis 155 Giuliana Garzone 13 Politeness studies 166 Rosina Márquez Reiter 14 BELF: Business English as a Lingua Franca 180 Marinel Gerritsen and Catherine Nickerson Part Three: Disciplinary Perspectives 15 Linguistic anthropology 194 Christina Wasson 16 Gender studies 213 Louise Mullany 17 Sociology, narrative and discourse 226 Tony J. Watson 18 Pragmatics 239 Kenneth C. C. Kong 19 Organisational communication 256 Amy M. Schmisseur, Guowei Jian and Gail T. Fairhurst 20 International management 269 Rebecca Piekkari 21 Management communication 279 N. Lamar Reinsch, Jr 22 ‘Race’ and management communication 292 Patricia S. Parker and Diane S. Grimes 23 Business communication 305 Leena Louhiala-Salminen 24 Intercultural communication 317 Ingrid Piller Part Four: Localised Perspectives 25 Japan 332 Hiromasa Tanaka 26 China 345 Yunxia Zhu and Lan Li 27 Korea 356 Yeonkwon Jung 28 Vietnam 372 Chye Lay Grace Chew M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd vi 9/4/09 14:33:41 CONTENTS vii 29 Malaysia 387 Shanta Nair-Venugopal 30 Brazil 400 Lúcia Pacheco de Oliveira 31 Spain 412 Estrella Montolío and Fernando Ramallo 32 Francophone research 423 Laurent Filliettaz and Ingrid de Saint-Georges 33 Kazakhstan 436 Eleonora D. Suleimenova and Gulmira G. Burkitbayeva Conclusions 34 Future horizons: Europe 454 Mirja Liisa Charles 35 Future horizons: North America 465 Ronald E. Dulek and Margaret Baker Graham 36 Future horizons: Asia 481 Winnie Cheng Index 497 M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd vii 9/4/09 14:33:41 Foreword Finally we have The Handbook of Business Discourse, a gift to the diverse lot of us who study discourse in organisational and professional contexts. Similar areas of research, such as organisational studies, have benefi ted from handbooks for some time. I’ve bemoaned the fact we have had none for business discourse and, at one point, even toyed with the idea of editing one myself. Through the years, many a colleague or student has asked for materials to guide their research or teaching of business discourse. As is customary, I’ve provided sample syllabi, academic articles and discussion time. But I’ve always wished there were a more ‘official’ overview to recommend as well. With tenacity and commitment, Francesca Bargiela-Chiappini has managed to enlist some of our most seasoned researchers to originate one. Not only does this Handbook suggest the scope of business discourse as a fi eld of study, but it also codifi es some of the approaches and methodologies used. Academics researching and teaching business discourse share a curiosity about the operations of texts in organisational and professional contexts (and vice versa). But we come at it in different ways, thereby complicating attempts to characterise our collective output. I think Bargiela-Chiappini’s edited Handbook helps us celebrate, validate and advance this endeavour. Priscilla S. Rogers Ross School of Business University of Michigan M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd viii 9/4/09 14:33:41 Acknowledgements I would like to thank the people who made this volume possible. I am very grateful to Sarah Edwards, senior editor at Edinburgh University Press, for encouraging me to take on this project. I also want to thank Máiréad McElligott, assistant commissioning editor, for her unfailing administrative support over the many months of preparation of the typescript. Special thanks are due to the advisory board, the independent reviewer and the many scholars and researchers who undertook the painstaking task of reviewing the work of their peers. Finally, I would like to dedicate the Handbook to the contributors, without whom this volume would not exist. M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd ix 9/4/09 14:33:41 Editorial advisory board Karen Ashcraft, University of Utah, USA Christopher N. Candlin, Macquarie University, Australia Alan Firth, University of Newcastle, UK Maurizio Gotti, Università di Bergamo, Italy Britt-Louise Gunnarsson, Uppsala Universitet, Sweden Sandra Harris, Nottingham Trent University, UK Winni Johansen, Aarhus Business School, Denmark Leena Louhiala-Salminen, Helsinki School of Economics, Finland Yuling Pan, US Census Bureau, USA Shameem Rafi k-Galea, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Lindsay Yotsukura, University of Maryland, USA M1654 - BARGIELA PRELIMS.indd x 9/4/09 14:33:41 Notes on contributors Deborah C. Andrews, professor of English, University of Delaware, USA, has published several texts, including Technical Communication in the Global Community and Management Communication: A Guide. A researcher and speaker on many aspects of professional communication, especially in an international context, she is the former editor of Business Communication Quarterly and author of articles in major journals and anthologies. Leila Barbara is professor of linguistics at the Pontifi cal Catholic University of São Paulo and research fellow A1 at CNPq (National Council for Science and Technology), Brazil. She is attached to the Graduate School, applied linguistics programme, where she advises MAs and PhDs and lectures mainly in the area of systemic functional grammar, description of Portuguese and English, discourse analysis,