CCCHHHIIIMMMAAANNNIIIMMMAAANNNIII NNNAAATTTIIIOOONNNAAALLL RRREEESSSEEERRRVVVEEE MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT PPLLAANN VVOOLLUUMMEE IIII 2010 Prepared by: Andrea Ghiurghi, Stefaan Dondeyne and James Hugh Bannerman AGRICONSULTING S.p.A. RNC Management Plan 2010 Volume 2 2 Index to Volume 2 1 KEY ACTIONS TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................................................. 7 2 PROGRAMME 1 – REVISION OF LIMITS, STRATEGY TO DEAL WITH PEOPLE INSIDE THE RESERVE, ZONING, AND ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE ...................................................... 11 2.1 REVISION OF THE BOUNDARIES .......................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1.2 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 11 2.1.3 Objective ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2.1.4 Adjustment of the Reserve Boundaries......................................................................................... 12 2.1.5 Strategy to deal with people living inside the Reserve ................................................................. 13 2.1.6 Adjustement of the Buffer Zone Boundaries................................................................................. 17 2.2 ZONATION ......................................................................................................................................... 23 2.2.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 23 2.2.2 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 23 2.2.3 Objectives..................................................................................................................................... 25 2.2.4 Major zones.................................................................................................................................. 27 2.2.4.1 Areas of high value for nature conservation .............................................................................................. 27 2.2.4.2 Areas of value for agricultural and forestry development........................................................................... 28 2.2.4.3 Areas of high potential for tourism development ...................................................................................... 29 2.3 COORDINATION OF MANAGEMENT IN THE CONSERVATION AREA ....................................................... 31 2.3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 31 2.3.2 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 32 2.3.3 Objective ...................................................................................................................................... 32 2.3.4 The Management Board of the Chimanimani Conservation Area (CGAC) ................................. 32 3 PROGRAMME 2 - INFRASTRUCTURES AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ............................. 37 3.1 INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT...................................................................................................... 37 3.1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 37 3.1.2 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 37 3.1.3 1 – Infrastructures connected to the project................................................................................. 38 3.1.4 2 – Other important infrastructure within the Conservation Area and its Buffer Zone not necessarily linked directly with the project ................................................................................................ 45 3.2 TOURISM DEVELOPEMENT ................................................................................................................. 47 3.2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 47 3.2.2 Assets and potential for tourism in Chimanimani ........................................................................ 47 3.2.3 Present tourism development in Chimanimani............................................................................. 48 3.2.4 Tourism management in Chimanimani: guiding principles ......................................................... 51 3.2.5 Objectives..................................................................................................................................... 52 3.2.6 Tourism development in Chimanimani......................................................................................... 53 3.2.7 Tourist infrastructures.................................................................................................................. 54 3.2.8 Promotion of Chimanimani Reserve ............................................................................................ 57 3.2.9 On site information to tourists ..................................................................................................... 59 3.2.10 Community eco-guides ............................................................................................................60 3.2.11 Footpaths demarcation and signalization ............................................................................... 63 3.2.12 Visitor accommodation provided by households..................................................................... 64 3.2.13 Trans-boundary tourism activities with Zimbabwe ................................................................. 65 3.2.14 Land mines and tourism ..........................................................................................................67 3.2.15 Keep tourism on a sustainable level ........................................................................................ 67 4 PROGRAMME 3 - ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES ..................................................................................................................................................... 69 4.1 LAW ENFORCEMENT .......................................................................................................................... 69 4.1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 69 4.1.2 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 69 4.1.3 Objectives..................................................................................................................................... 69 RNC Management Plan 2010 Volume 2 3 4.2 COMMUNITY BASED MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES ...................... 71 4.2.1 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 71 4.2.2 General objectives........................................................................................................................ 72 4.2.3 Overall Community Action Plan for Chimanimani ...................................................................... 72 4.2.4 Secure land rights of communities: delimitation and registration of all communities................. 76 4.2.5 Community owned land use plans................................................................................................ 78 4.2.6 Develop incentives and offer alternatives to communities ........................................................... 81 4.2.6.1 Potential for community based tourism .................................................................................................... 81 4.2.6.2 Incentives to communities for sustainable natural resources use................................................................ 84 4.3 WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT................................................................................................................... 89 4.3.1 Past and present status of wildlife in ChNR................................................................................. 89 4.3.2 Guiding principles........................................................................................................................ 90 4.3.3 Objectives of wildlife management in Chimanimani.................................................................... 91 4.3.4 Actions for the management of wildlife........................................................................................ 91 4.3.5 Wildlife protection in the Reserve ................................................................................................ 91 4.3.6 Wildlife protection areas in the buffer zone ................................................................................