Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s Vector Control Guidance For Sensitive Areas Compiled by: D. Faucera, ODFW, Fish Division, Water Quantity/Quality Program Date: 2/13/2014 Table of Contents I. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 II. Background .............................................................................................................................................. 2 III. Vector Control Overview ....................................................................................................................... 4 A. Mosquito Life History ......................................................................................................................... 4 B. Common Mosquitoes in Oregon .......................................................................................................... 4 C. Benefits of Mosquito Reduction .......................................................................................................... 6 D. Integrated Pest Management .............................................................................................................. 7 1. Habitat Reduction ............................................................................................................................ 8 2. Avoidance/Education ....................................................................................................................... 8 3. Larval and Pupal Control .................................................................................................................. 8 4. Adult Control .................................................................................................................................... 9 E. Biological Mosquito Controls ............................................................................................................. 11 1. Fish ................................................................................................................................................. 11 2. Bats, Birds, Amphibians and Insects .............................................................................................. 12 F. EPA Regulation ................................................................................................................................... 13 1. Toxicity Categories ......................................................................................................................... 14 2. Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicity of Products ........................................................................... 15 3. Ecological Risk Assessments .......................................................................................................... 17 G. Treatments Used for Mosquito Control ............................................................................................ 18 1. Larvicide Treatments ..................................................................................................................... 18 a. Biological Larvicides .................................................................................................................. 19 b. Chemical Larvicides and Pupacides ........................................................................................... 21 (1) Insect Growth Regulators ........................................................................................... 21 (2) Monomolecular Films ................................................................................................. 22 (3) Surface Oils ................................................................................................................. 22 (4) Organophosphates .................................................................................................... 23 2. Adulticide Treatments ................................................................................................................... 23 a. Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids ....................................................................................................... 25 b. Organophosphates .................................................................................................................... 27 IV. Sensitive Areas ..................................................................................................................................... 28 i A. Sensitive Area Categories .................................................................................................................. 29 1. Wildlife Areas ................................................................................................................................. 29 a. ODFW-Owned or Managed Wildlife Areas ............................................................................... 29 b. National Wildlife Areas/Refuges ............................................................................................... 30 2. Wetlands of Concern ..................................................................................................................... 31 3. Unique, Rare, or Vulnerable Habitats ............................................................................................ 32 B. Species Timing ................................................................................................................................... 33 V. General Guidance for Treatment in Sensitive Areas ............................................................................. 33 A. Health Threat Levels and Recommended Treatment Protocols ........................................................ 35 B. Treatment Preferences on Sensitive Areas ........................................................................................ 37 1. Larvicides ....................................................................................................................................... 38 a. Biological Larvicides .................................................................................................................. 38 b. Insect Growth Regulators ......................................................................................................... 38 c. Monomolecular Films ................................................................................................................ 39 d. Surface Oils ............................................................................................................................... 40 e. Organophosphates .................................................................................................................... 40 1. Adulticides ..................................................................................................................................... 41 a. Synthetic Pyrethroid-like .......................................................................................................... 41 b. Natural Pyrethrins ..................................................................................................................... 41 c. Synthetic Pyrethroids ............................................................................................................... 42 d. Organophosphates .................................................................................................................... 43 VI. PUP Review and Approval .................................................................................................................... 44 VII. Annual Reports .................................................................................................................................... 45 Tables: Table 1. Common mosquitoes found in Oregon, their habitats, and potential disease transmission. ....... 5 Table 2. Larvicide products proposed for use in Oregon during 2013. ..................................................... 19 Table 3. Adulticide products proposed for use in Oregon during 2013. .................................................... 24 Table 4. Recommended triggers and treatment protocols for sensitive areas in Oregon. ....................... 36 ii Appendices: Appendix A. OREGON REVISED STATUTES ................................................................................................ 46 Appendix B. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING ................................................................................ 50 Appendix C. ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND ECOTOXICITY DATA FOR PRODUCTS PROPOSED FOR USE IN OREGON ..................................................................................................................................................... 61 Appendix D. SPECIES TIMING TABLES FOR SELECT WILDIFE AREAS .......................................................... 67 Appendix E. WETLANDS OF CONSERVATION CONCERN ......................................................................... 134 Appendix Tables: Appendix Table C1. Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicity data for larvicide products proposed for use in Oregon during 2013. ................................................................................................................................... 62 Appendix Table C2. Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicity data for adulticide products proposed for use in Oregon during 2013. ................................................................................................................................... 64 iii I. Introduction The Oregon Department of Fish and WiIdlife’s (ODFW) mission is “To