Olympic Events—Winter (2014) and Summer (2016) Athens hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. From 1924 until 1992 the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games were held in the same year; after that year they were staggered by two years. The 2014 Winter Olympics will be held in Sochi, Russia—a controversial choice, given that Sochi is a resort city on the Black Sea (at the base of the Caucasus Mountains), and one of Russia’s warmest cities. The 2016 Summer Olympics will be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: the first time the Olympics will be held in South America, and the first time in a Portuguese-speaking country. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is the governing body for the Olympic Games and makes all decisions about which events will be included in each version of the Games. For more information, please refer to the articles “Extreme Sports in the Olympics,” (in Volume 1) and “Olympic Resistance,” “Olympics, 2012,” “Olympics, Summer,” and “Olympics, Winter” (in Volume 2). Table 1. List of Sports in the 2014 Winter Games, Sochi, Russia Men’s Events Women’s Events Biathlon Singles 20 km 15 km Mass start (15 km) Mass start (12.5 km) Pursuit (12.5 km) Pursuit (10 km) Relay (4-person 3 7.5 km) Relay (4-person 3 6 km) Sprint (10 km) Sprint (7.5 km) Mixed relay (2 female competitors 3 6 km 1 2 male competitors 3 7.5 km) Bobsleigh Bobsleigh Two-man Two-man* Four-man Bobsleigh skeleton X X Mountains, China. Photo by Joan Lebold Cohen. Curling X X Ice Hockey X X Ice Skating Figure skating singles X X XVII XVIII • berkshIre encyclopedIa of world sport Table 1. List of Sports in the 2014 Winter Games, Sochi, Russia (continued) Men’s Events Women’s Events Ice Skating Figure skating team event Pairs Ice dancing Mixed teams (6-person event: 1 male, 1 female, one pair couple, one ice dancing couple) Speed skating 500 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 1,500 m 5,000 m 3,000 m 10,000 m 5,000 m Team pursuit Team pursuit Short track speed skating 500 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 1,500 m 5,000 m relay 3,000 m relay Luge Singles X X Doubles (No rules against a mixed team but traditionally a 2-man team) Team luge relay (1 male, 1 female, and 1 doubles team) Skiing Alpine skiing Downhill Downhill Slalom Slalom Giant Slalom Giant Slalom Super giant slalom (Super-G) Super giant slalom (Super-G) Super combined Super combined Cross country skiing 15 km freestyle (F) 10 km freestyle (F) 50 km mass start classic (C) 30 km mass start classic (C) Relay (4 person 3 10km C/F) Relay (4 person 3 5 km) 30 km pursuit (15 C 1 15 F) 15 km pursuit (7.5 C 1 7.5 F) Sprint (1.5 km) Sprint (1.5 km) Team sprint Team sprint olympIc Events—Winter (2014) and summer (2016) • XIX Table 1. List of Sports in the 2014 Winter Games, Sochi, Russia (continued) Men’s Events Women’s Events Skiing Freestyle skiing Aerials Aerials Moguls Moguls Ski cross Ski cross Slopestyle Slopestyle Nordic combined Individual normal hill (NH) 10 km Individual large hill (LH) 10 km Team (4-person 3 5 km) Ski jumping Individual large hill (LH) TBD** Individual normal hill (NH) Team LH Snowboard Half-pipe Half-pipe Parallel giant slalom Parallel giant slalom Slopestyle Slopestyle Snowboard cross Snowboard cross Sources: IOC (2011); Olympic.org (2012); X Games (2013). *Although it is a women’s event, it is still called “Two-man bobsleigh.” **To be determined: Women’s ski jumping was added to the 2014 program, but the events were not yet listed on Olympic. org as of April 2013. Notes: • An X denotes the existence of events by the same name, or the absence of multiple events in a sport (e.g., luge singles for men and women, or men’s and women’s curling). • Km stands for kilometers, m stands for meters. (1 kilometer 5 .6 miles; 1 meter 5 3.3 feet) • Please refer to individual articles for complete explanations of unfamiliar terms..