1 Intercultural Cities Towards a model for intercultural integration Insights from Intercultural cities, joint action of the Council of Europe and the European Commission Edited by Phil Wood Intercultural Cities The opinions expressed in this work are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic (CD-Rom, Internet, etc.) or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval 2 system, without the prior permission in writing from the Public Information and Publications Division, Directorate of Communication (F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex or [email protected]). Cover design and layout: Graphic Design Workshop, Council of Europe Council of Europe Publishing F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex http://book.coe.int © Council of Europe, October 2009 Printed at France Countries ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In pilot cities the programme has been implemented by co-ordinators representing the elected authorities and the city administration. The role of co-ordinators for mobilising support, translating objectives and actions into local priorities and communicating the results back to a large group of stakeholders, has been an essential factor for success. We owe special thanks to them for their commitment and thorough commitment to the concept and practice of interculturality in an urban context. BERLIN-NEUKÖLLN Arnold Mengelkoch, Officer for Integration and Migration Affairs Franziska Giffey, Representative for European and International Affairs Melanie Kraft, Deputy Officer for European and International Affairs 3 IZHEVSK Roman Goryainov, Director, Dom Druzhby Narodov Elena Afanasieva, Chief of Department for international and regional relations Yulia Zhuykova, Deputy Head of the Department for international and regional relations LUBLIN Wlodzimierz Wysocki, Deputy Mayor of Lublin Roman Jaborkhel, Officer, Cultural Department Michal Karapuda, Project Manager, Culture Department LYON Georges Képénékian, Deputy Mayor of Culture, Department of Cultural Affairs Marc Villarubias, Head of Cultural Co-operation, Department of Cultural Affairs Intercultural Cities MELITOPOL Olena Dubinina, Vice-mayor Igor Yelisyeyev, Head of educational department of Melitopol City Council NEUCHATEL Thomas Facchinetti, Cantonal Delegate of integration, Office for multicultural cohesion Sabrina Rinaldo Adam, Office for multicultural cohesion Oriane von Gunten, Office for multicultural cohesion PATRAS Panagiotis Kitrou, President, Patras Municipal Enterprise for Planning & Development – ADEP S.A. 4 Amalia Goudevenou, Consultant of the Mayor on International Affairs OSLO Tone Skodvin, Chief Adviser, City Hall, Departement of Education and Cultural Affairs Toralv Moe, Senior Adviser, City Hall, Departement of Education and Cultural Affairs REGGIO EMILIA Franco Corradini, Deputy Mayor for culture and social security Adil El Marouakhi, Director, Intercultural Centre Mondoinsieme Serena Foracchia, Director, Reggio nel Mondo SUBOTICA Ildiko Lovas, City Councillor for Culture and Media Andrea Soc, Protocol Assistant Stanka Parac Damjanovic, Director, Local Democracy Agency Countries TILBURG Gon Mevis, Alderman of the City Board Willem Bongaarts, Area development office Alongside the member cities has been a team of experts who have provided theoretical, technical and political support throughout and have made a contribution to this paper: Alison Crabb, European Commission Altai Manço, IRFAM, Belgium Daniel de Torres, Commissioner for Integration and Intercultural Dialogue, Spain Diana Szántó, ARTEMISSZIO, Hungary Effy Tselikas, journalist, Greece and France Eva Naguy, educational researcher, Hungary Irena Guidikova, Council of Europe 5 Jagtar Singh, Director, The Change Institute, UK Mikhail Gnedovsky and Sofya Averchenkova, Cultural Policy Institute, Russian Federation Milica Pesic, Media Diversity Institute, UK Olexandr Butsenko, Centre for Democracy through Culture, Ukraine Paresh Solanki, journalist, UK Pascale Bonniel, cultural policy researcher, France Phil Wood, Comedia, UK Thijs Malmberg, Ordina Management Consulting, the Netherlands Many others have contributed expertise, advice, and positive criticism, helping to focus and re-orient the programme, evaluate its actions and results, broaden the network and communicate with a wide range of stakeholders: Alberto D’alessandro, Annasophia Heintze, Carla Mauer, GiannaLia Cogliandro, Dorothea Kolland, Elise Agostino, Franco Bianchini, François Matrasso, Jens Nilsson, Jordi Pascual, Judith Neisse, Julie Herve, Kes- nyia Khovanova, Laurence Hopkins, Naseem Khan, Phyllis Brunsson, Ricard Zapata, Rob Hutchinson and Susan Brutschy. Intercultural Cities 6 Contents Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................................... 11 The challenge .......................................................................5 Background and rationale ..................................................................................... 17 Building an intercultural agenda for cities ................................................................................ 17 Where did the Intercultural cities concept originate? .......................................................... 18 People on the move ......................................................................................................................... 20 The demographic challenge for European cities ..................................................................... 21 Different urban policy approaches to diversity ...................................................................... 22 7 Rationale for the Intercultural City ............................................................................................. 26 Preparing for an intercultural city strategy .............................................................................. 32 Formulating an intercultural city strategy: the process ............ 36 Questions underlying the intercultural strategy .................................................................... 36 Consultation and participation .................................................................................................... 37 Establishing partnerships and alliances ..................................................................................... 38 Public discourse and media ethics .............................................................................................. 39 Momentum and sustainability ..................................................................................................... 41 Policy formation and influencing related areas ...................................................................... 42 Progress review and learning ........................................................................................................ 42 Ten elements of an Intercultural City Strategy ................................ 44 Examples of intercultural approaches in European cities ........ 47 Intercultural Cities Reality check ........................................................................5 Indicators for an intercultural city ................................................................ 79 Objective Factors .............................................................................................................................. 81 Subjective Factors ............................................................................................................................ 86 Pilot intercultural cities .......................................................................................... 90 Izhevsk ................................................................................................................................................. 90 Lublin .................................................................................................................................................... 92 Lyon ...................................................................................................................................................... 95 Melitopol ............................................................................................................................................. 97 Neukölln ............................................................................................................................................ 100 Oslo .................................................................................................................................................... 103 Patras .................................................................................................................................................. 107 8 Reggio Emilia ................................................................................................................................... 110 Subotica ............................................................................................................................................. 112 Tilburg ................................................................................................................................................ 114 Evidence of success ...........................................................5 Main actions and achievements ..................................................................