The Evolution of Silicon Valley Philanthropy: “Disruption” and the Implications for Educational Development Lara Patil, Ed.D April 19, 2019 Overview Introduction • Context: why is this relevant for development? Toward a framework • Defining Silicon Valley • Evolution of Silicon Valley philanthropy • Contours of an emerging ‘Giving Code’ Concluding remarks • Implications & future research !2 se"quence /#s$kw%ns/ noun 1. a particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other. !3 Richard Serra, Sequence Connection Money… US $1.5 billion in annual education philanthropy in the US compared to a $500 billion public education budget US $24 billion to international development from 143 foundation from all over the world compared to official development assistance (ODA) of US $142.6 billion …Policy & Platforms The Calculating Philanthropy of Silicon Valley By: Karl Zinsmeister, Justin Torres !4 Powerful new actors Technology philanthropists and corporations poised to become powerful new actors. (Patil, 2015) !5 Institutional Rationale Emerging ‘Giving Code’ !7 Silicon Valley: definition Traitorous eight. !8 Philanthropy 1.0 INDIVIDUALS CORPORATION CORPORATE FOUNDATION ERA 1: 1900 - 90, electricity, radio, early software • Individuals: Early founders set up family foundations, trusts; “traditional philanthropy”; Loyal to local non-profits, fostered capacity building; Quiet philanthropists, did not seek limelight • Corporations: Corporate Foundations began to emerge in the 1980’s. !9 Philanthropy 2.0 INDIVIDUALS CORPORATION CORPORATE FOUNDATION ERA 2: 1990’s, internet “dot.com", software • Individuals: “strategic philanthropy”, philanthropitalism, venture philanthropy, impact investing, social entrepreneurship, power of the individual and technology to scale • Corporations: New businesses considered inherently good. Google “democratized information”; eBay “democratized commerce.” Shared value, strategic corporate social responsibility, platform mentality. !10 Philanthropy 3.0 INDIVIDUALS CORPORATION CORPORATE FOUNDATION ERA 3: Present, mobile and platforms • Individuals: Contours of a new philanthropy • Techno-centric & hacker • Living & hands-on • New funding mechanism and models • Metrics, data driven results, policy • Corporations: Pledge 1%, Platform mentality !11 Techno-centric and hacker !12 Living & hands on !13 Living & hands on !14 New funding models • Philanthropic limited liability company (LCC) • Donor advised funds (DAF) • Community giving circles • Pledge 1% !15 Metrics, data, policy !16 Illustrations • CZI Individuals • Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (co-founder, Mark Zuckerberg) • Good Venture (co-founder, Dustin Moskovitz) • Sean Parker Foundation (co-founder, Sean Parker) Corporation/CSR • Leverages product and platform - Facebook’s Safety Check • Cross functional “Social Good Group” !17 Concluding Remarks Agenda for future research: Investigate various ‘donor logics’ among emerging new philanthropists to further define a ‘giving code’ and develop a typology of foundation interventions. The purpose is to: 1. understand issues of power and institutional isomorphism, social justice and equity, civil society and democracy and the changing relationship between philanthropy and the state. 2. better capture the quality of philanthropic interventions in areas such as strength of country level ownership, coordination and transparency, system orientation, focus on social learning and adaptation, and investments in political economy and collective action. (Mundy, 2019) !18 Back-up Method “Guide to Analyzing Donor Logic” Standard Research Design and Toolkit (Patil, pending) • Establishing the context: donor analysis, which focuses on gathering background information and contextual information about the donor values and aspects of specific donor engagements. • Customization of the donor analyses, whereby research teams draw from the Standard Research Design and Toolkit to select data collection activities and modify instruments as appropriate. • Participant recruitment, which is done using techniques that are congruent with the size and purpose of the donor analyses and specific donor engagements in any giving setting. • Data collection, which entails research activities to better understand the enactment of the donor engagement, outcomes of the donor initiatives and the changes that result in policy and practice. • Analysis and reporting, in which the research team use a variety of analytic and reporting templates to synthesize and analyze the connections between enactment and change. • Post-analysis, which involves iteration of the toolkit. Modified methodology, based on Guide to Monitoring eLearning Deployments (Intel & SRI, 2011) !20.