UNECE Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes Republic of Cameroon – Ministry of Water Resources and Energy Dr. Aleš Bizjak Slovenian Water Agency Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia Information and Sharing workshop related to the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes: Cameroon’s accession process Yaounde, 5 November 2019 CONTENT 1. Characteristics of the hydrographic network in Slovenia 2. Transboundary IWRM adminstrative arrangements in the Republic of Slovenia 3. Contribution of the UNECE Water Convention implementation to the transboundary IWRM policy development in Slovenia 4. Bilateral transboundary IWRM activities of the Republic of Slovenia 5. Regional and subregional transboundary IWRM activites of the Republic of Slovenia 6. Global transboundary IWRM activites of the Republic of Slovenia 7. Conclusions 1991 1999 1995 1956 1994 1997 1955 1945 1980 1993 1998 2002 2015 1992 1992 1996 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 INTRODUCTION Slovenia: geographical location, recent history and baseline statistics Area: 20.273 km2 • the most global legal Population 2018 estimate: 2.084.301 framework for Capital City Ljubljana: 292.988 transboundary IWRM Population density: 102 / km2 • preventing and controling GDP nominal (estimate 2019) • sustainable water use Total: $55 billion • promotion of agreements Per capita: $26,621 and joint bodies 83% Slovenes 2% Serbs 1.8% Croats 1% Bosniaks 12% others 1992 / 1996 1991 3rd Balkan War 1991-1995 1999 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 HYDROGRAPHIC NETWORK area: 20.273 km2 Hydrographic network and river basins RN length : 26.989 km1 RN densitiy: 1,33 km1 / km2 point sources of pollution dispersed sources of polution hydromorphological alteration micro plastics nano plastics 80 % 20 % Source: IzVRS, 2015 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 HYDROGRAPHIC NETWORK Main (transboundary) rivers (Water Law, 2002) (1) DOWNSTREAM COUNTRY Mura river Kučnica river Velika Krka river Kobiljski creek Drava river (2) UPSTREAM COUNTRY Sava river Sotla river Kolpa river Reka river Dragonja river Soča river Nadiža river Vipava river Source: IzVRS, 2015 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 HYDROGRAPHIC NETWORK Water quantities and other specifics • inflow to Slovenia: 420 m3/s • outflow from Slovenia: 1.010 m3/s (840 m3/s into the Black Sea, 170m3/s into the Adriatic Sea) - 1 % outflow from Europe (100.000 m3/s) • annual river flows in Slovenia: 34 km3 = 34.000.000.000 m3 • available amount of water 17.000 m3 / inhabitant (4x EU average) • 980.000.000 m3 water provided in 2014 (83% industry and electricity, 17% public water network) relief forest cover NATURA 2000 0 – 2.864 m a.s.l. 58% of the national territory 37% of the national territory Source: WIKI Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS Transboundary IWRM arrangements in Slovenia – ministries, involved in IWRM and consequently in transboundary issues RS RS RS RS RS RS RS MDDSZ MF MGRT MzI MIZS MJU MKGP RS RS RS RS RS RS RS MK MNZ MO MOP MP MZ MZZ Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 Foto: UNIC-SUB, L. Fonda ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS Transboundary IWRM arrangements in Slovenia – institutions, involved in IWRM and transboundary issues in ENV sector RS MOP Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning ARSO (Slovenian Environment Agency) ce mb kr GeoZS ms lj (Geological Survey of Slovenia) kp MBP nm go (Marine Biology Station) DRSV IzVRS (Slovenian Water Agency) (Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia) Foto: UNIC-SUB, L. Fonda Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS Transboundary IWRM arrangements in Slovenia – hierarchy of the agreements UN level UN level regional level regional level trilateral level bilateral level sea inland waters (rivers, lakes, groundwaters) Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS Transboundary IWRM arrangements in Slovenia – hierarchy of the agreements for inland waters (rivers, lakes, groundwaters) UN HLPF UN Agenda 2030 SDG 6 UNECE UN level UfM Water Convention UfM Water Agenda exchange ICPDR Danube River Basin District regional level ISRBC Sava River Basin sub-regional level knowledge and SI / A SI / H SI / CRO SI / I bilateral level ata ata d data and knowledge exchange Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS Transboundary IWRM arrangements in Slovenia – E vode: open data source for bilateral activities http://www.evode.gov.si/index.php?id=92 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE UNECE WATER CONVENTION IMPLEMENTATION IN SLOVENIA Contribution of the UNECE Water Convention implementation to the transboundary IWRM policy development in Slovenia (1) at the national lelvel: • by boosting the cross-sectorial cooperation of sectors, involved in IWRM • by activating inter-sectorial working groups on different IWRM topics (in process) • by introducing new approaches, techniques and methods in transboundary IWRM (2) at the bilateral level: • by updating of the work and content of the agendas of the commissions based on reporting to the Water Convention and to the UN Agenda 2030 SDG6 Indicators 6.5.1 and 6.5.2 (3) at the regional and sub-regional level: • by strengthening cooperation in transboundary basins of a regional and sub-regional scale • by promoting the three pillars of the Water Convention • by contributing diverse kind of resources for applications of the up-to-date approaches, methods, background studies, solutions on diverse fields of IWRM (IWRM, monitoring and assessment, nexus assessment, climate change adaptation, etc.) (4) at the global level: • by supporting the development of the hydro-diplomacy (EU Conclusions 2013, 2018) • by being baseline tool for preventing or mitigating the water crisis • by contributing to the water-peace-stability nexus • by boosting the co-operation of Slovenia with other states in European region and beyond Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 BILATERAL LEVEL Permanent Slovenian-Austrian Commission for the Drava River (Agreement, 1955 / 1993) Permanent Slovenian-Austrian Commission for the Mura River (Agreement, 1956 / 1993) Permanent Slovenian-Hungarian Commission for water management (Agreement, 1995) Permanent Slovenian-Croatian Commission for water management (Treaty, 1997) Permanent Slovenian-Italian Commission for water management (Agreement, 1980 / 1992) 1991 1999 1995 1956 1994 1997 1955 1945 1980 1993 1998 2002 2015 1992 1992 1996 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 SUB-REGIONAL LEVEL International Commission for the Sava River Basin (ISRBC) (Framework Agreement for the Sava River Basin, 2002) Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 SUB-REGIONAL LEVEL International Sava River Basin ▪ catchment area: app. 97.700 km2 (the second largest Danube sub-basin; share: 12%) ▪ average flow at the mouth: app.1.700 m3/s (the largest Danube tributary, share: 25%) ▪ river length: 945 km (app. 600 km of which is the waterway) ▪ population: app. 8,2 million ▪ social diversity: GDP's: 35.566 int $ / 25.806 int $ / 13.442 int $/ 15.941 int $ ▪ religious diversity: Roman-Catholic, Orthodox, Muslim country share Slovenia 12 % Croatia 26 % Bosnia-Herzegovina 39 % Serbia 15 % Montenegro 7 % Albania 0,2 % Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 3rd Balkan War 1991 – 1995 Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 SUB-REGIONAL LEVEL Dayton Agreement (Dayton, 1 November 1995) Conference de Paix sur l‘ex Yougoslavie (Paris, 14 December 1995) (Source: WIKI) Dr. A. Bizjak / Practical experience of a Party in the implementation of the Convention: the case of Slovenia / Yaounde, 5 November 2019 SUB-REGIONAL LEVEL Post-war period challenges to the Sava River Basin IWRM • Sava river turned from the biggest national river into an international river, • appropriate institutional framework for WRM ceased to exist, • WRM was restricted to the national levels only, • new, international framework required for a transnational WRM, • abandoned and partly ruined water