Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs Parochial patronage and the cure of souls in the diocese of Lincoln, 1209-1299 Thesis How to cite: Weale, Colin Alexander (1987). Parochial patronage and the cure of souls in the diocese of Lincoln, 1209- 1299. MPhil thesis. The Open University. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 1987 The Author Version: Version of Record Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk UNRE5TRtCT63] PAROCIgAL V im om iG E /ilTD THE CUBE OF SQUIB IE Tim DIOCESE OF UITCODT 1209 - 1299 - by - CO IIE AIEXA1TÏEE B.A., S.Tb, 0—0“*0~0,-*0 0—0—0 o Thesis submitted to the Examiners in Religious Studies in the Arts Faculty of the Open University for the degree of Easter of Philosophy, I987. oj- ^>-cbraUi4^c>w‘ I ( fchruxa^ M 8T ProQ uest Number: 27775862 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent on the quality of the copy submitted. in the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 27775862 Published by ProQuest LLC (2020). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. Ail Rights Reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 - 1346 ABSTRACT This thesis is a study of the patrons, parishes and parochial clergy, including those appointed to parochial and private chapels, in the diocese of Lincoln from 1209 to 1299* Beginning with a definition of a parish and the exercise of the cure of souls, it goes on to examine what was required of the parochial clergy having such a responsibility. It continues with a study of the patrons and the exercise of their patronage, together with the limitations imposed by the bishops. It includes the appointments made by the religious houses in the diocese, both English and foreign, together with those of the laity, (including the crown), and the bishops. This is followed by a chapter on the rights of patronage and the many disjaites involved in the exercise of those rights. The next chapter deals with the types of parish in the diocese, including the \ fragmentation of churches, their consolidation, the evils of holding churches in plurality, and the dispensations granted to that end. The appropriation of churches by the monasteries and the ordination of vicarages by the bishops is discussed. The ^yment of pensions by the clergy to their predecessors in a parish and to their monastic patrons in unappropriated benefices is also studied. A study is made of the clergy who served the parishes. The use of papal provisions to parishes and the problems involved is considered, followed by an account of clerical education 6hd the efforts of the bishops to provide a better-trained and celibate clergy. I have also taken note of those clergy who left the parochial ministry for the religious life. This is followed by a special study of thèse who exercised the cure of souls in the parochial chapels of the diocese and the comparatively few who served the private chapels. O—0—0—0 0-0 o C0ETEET8 m m Acknowledgements •. ii List of Abbreviations iii Bibliography . • V Chanters I Introduction •• «• .. •• •• .. < 1 II The priest and his parish and the cura animarum 5 III The patrons .. .# .. •• , , 15 IV Bispites •• •••• •• •• .. , 36 V The parishes «• .. .. •• .. «• < 51 VI Appropriations •• •* .................. 68 VII The ordination of vicarages •• .. •« 77 VIII Pensions •• •• .$ .. •• .. , 94 IX The clergy •• .. •• .# •• ., *. , 104 X Papal provisions .. «• •• .. •• , 122 XI Clerical education and patronage *• •• , 130 2ÜLI Parochial clergy and celibacy •• •• ». 151 XIII Parochial and private chapels «. •• •• . 160 APPENDICES: I Alien priories and cells with rights of patronage 175 II Numbers of clergy who were magistri .. .. 178 Ill Aliens presented to parishes in the diocese 160 Map of Medieval Diocese of Lincoln •• •• 1 8 ^ CL INDEX OP PERSONS IS5 INDEX OF PLACES J Z I ^ INDEX OP SUBJECTS 2.4-X. 11 Acnmv&BDGmars I wish to take this opportunity of thanking my supervisors. Professor Rosalind Hill for most valuable supervision, encouragement and help, and Dr* Francis Clark for his sound advice and assistance. I acknowledge with gratitude the valuable help given by Mr. Nicholas Bennett of the Lincolnshire Archives Office. My thanks are also gladly given to Dr. D# M. Smith of the Borthv/iok Institute, York. Assistance was generously rendered by the librarians of Sion College, Icndon, and St. De*niol*s Residential Library, Hawarden and the British Library. The staff of the Hertford County Record Office were also very helpful. I am most grateful to Mrs. Joan Peck, P,S»B.T., for reading and typing the final draft of this thesis. Finally, I would like to thank ray wife Joyce who reproduced the map of the Medieval Diocese of Lincoln, and who has with good humour borne the consequences of my research. I am indebted to my family, friends and clerical colleagues for their help and support and my parishioners for being so patient. o-o-o-o 0 - 0-0 0 ill ABBREVIATIONS A. and C, Abbot and Convent A.A.8.R.P. Associated Architectural and Archaeological Societies’ Reports and Papers B.H.R.S. Bedfordshire Historical Record Society B.I.H.R. Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research B.J.R.L. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library Brown, Pasclcuius Fasciculus rerum expetendarum et fugiendarum. London, I69O ch. Church C.P.L. Calendar of Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland, vol. i. Letters, ed. W. H. Bliss, 1898 C.P.R. Calendar of Patent Rolls Councils and Synods B. VJhitelock, K. Brett, C. IT, L, Brooke, Councils and Synods \7ith other documents relating to the English Church, I, 871-1204, 2 vols., Oxford, I98I. F. H. Powicke and C. R. Cheney, II. 1205-1313, 2 vols., Oxford, I964 G.R.R. Curia Regis Rolls Epistolae Robert! Grosseteste Epistolae (Rolls Series), ed. PL R. Luard, London, I86I B.H.R. English Historical Review Grosseteste Rotuli Roberti Grosseteste episcopi Lincolniensis, ed. P. II. Davis (Cant, and York Society, x) Gravesend Rotuli Ricardi Gravesend Biocesis Lincolniensis (Canto and York See. :cxxi) H.H.S.O. Her Majesty's Stationery Office Hugh of Wells Rotuli Ilugonis de Welles Episcopi Lincolniensis, ed. ÏÏ. P. W . Phillimore and F. IT, Davis (Cant, and York Society, i, iii, iv) I.H.R. Institute of Historical Research J.E.H. Journal of Ecclesiastical History Liber Antiquus Liber Antiquus Hugonis Wells 1209-35? ed. A* Gibbons, privately printed I888 - L.E.S. Lincoln Record Society IV p. and Co Prior and Convent R.A. Eegistrum Antiquissimum (LRS) R.H.S. Royal Historical Society E.S. Rolls Series Sutton The Rolls and Register of Bishop Oliver Sutton 1280-99, ed. R. M. T. Hill, I948 etc. V.C.H. Victoria County History Wilkins, Concilia Concilia ïiagnae Britanniae et Hiherniae, ed. David Wilkins, 1737 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1* Manuscript Sources Lincoln Archives Office Bishop Oliver Sutton: Bedford Polios 316 - 332 ^ Bedford Roll, membranes 1 - 5 Buckingham Folios 316 - 332 ^ Huntingdon Folios 294 - 303 Leicester Folios 280 ^ - 291 ^ Oxford Folios 335 - 349 Stow Polios 246^ - 254^ Stow Roll, membranes 1 - 4 All the above manuscripts were consulted in transcript form, prior to their publication, by the good offices of Professor R. M. T, Hill, V/rest Park MS Cartulary of Orowland Abbey 2. Printed Original Sources Albani, S., Chronica Monasterii, ed. H. T. Riley (R.S. 28, 12 vols, 1863-76); vol. iv. Gesta Abbatum S. Albani Annales Monasticl, ed. H. Ii. Luard (R.S. 36, 5 vols. 1864-9), vol. 3 de Bunstaplia et Berraundeseia Calendar of Papal Letters, ed. W. H. Bliss, (R.S. 1893-5) Calendar of Patent Rolls 1216-1551 (H.M.S.O. London, I9OI-I925 ) Concilia Magnae Britanniae et Hibemiae, ed. David Wilkins, 4 vols. (London, 1737) Councils and Synods with other Documents relating to the English Church, I, A.D. 87I-I2 O4, in 2 vols. ed. D. Whitelook, M. Brett, C. H. L. Brooke, (Oxford, 198I) Councils and Synods with other Documents relating to the English Church, II, A.D. 1205-1313, in 2 vols, ed. F. M. Powicke and C. H. Cheney, (Oxford, I964) Curia Regis Rolls, vols, i - vil, ed. C. T. Flower (London, 1923 -35)1 viii - z, (London, 1938-49)? zi - ziv (196I) VI Biîgdele, W., Konastiüon Anglicanua, îigw enlarged edition by J* Coley et al** 6 vols* (London* 1617-30) English îlistorical Documente* od. H* Hothwcll* vol. III (n69-1327)> (î^ndon, 1975) Giraldi Cmabronslo, Opera, cd. J. G. Brewer, J. F. Birnook, G. P. Warner* 6 vole. (R.S. 21* I66I-91)* (vol. il. Gcctna Eccloolastlca* 1862) OrooGGtoGto, Roberti, Epdotolao, od. E. H. Luard, (R.S. I86I) Croosotoato* Roberti* Rotuli* od. F. H. Davic (L.R.S.* 1914) Grossetooto, Roberti * Templum Bol* ed. J. Gocring and F. A. G. HantelXo* (Toronto* I984) liber Antlqims de Ordlnatioîûbue Vicariarum Tempore Hugonis Wolloa LincolnionoiG Episcopi, 12C^-35* ed# A. Gibbons (privately printed* Lincoln 1888) Paris, Matthew, Chronica Majora, ed. H. H. Luard, (R.S. 57* 7 vole, 1 8 7 &-8 4 ; Registrum Antiguissimum of the Cathedral Church of Lincoln, ed. 0. W. Font or and K.