Historical Background and Distribution of Tourist Destinations in Kalaburgi Districts Dr. Atik-ur-rahaman S.M. Principal, Paras MSW College, Jayanagar Cross, Sedam Road, Kalaburgi Introduction :- “History should be studied Arabic. The annual festival of Urs is celebrated at geographically and geography should be studied this dargah. historically”. The above definition rightly justifies the importance of both the fields. Because as it is Aiwane-Shahi building is situated within said, “if you know the geography then you can the premises of the dargah and is believed to be create history”. the residence of the Nizams. A circuit house that lies in the vicinity of the dargah, can also be visited Gulbarga District (Kalaburagi) :- Gulbarga district by tourists. is also Called Kalaburgi nad noted for its long history and its cultural heritage. There are many Sharana Basaveshwara Temple :- Sharana holy places are noticed in the district, noted for Basaveshwara Temple is located in the ancient their significant historical relevance. Many myths town of Kalburgi. This temple is believed to be and legends are associated with this holy district. devoted to the Hindu philosopher and religious Another interesting fact is that the district has teacher, Shri Sharana Basaveshwara. He was a 12th and 14th major rock Edicts (of Ashoka) that Lingayat saint and was known for Dasoha and were excavated by the Archaeologist at Sannati. Kayaka philosophy of ‘giving is earning’. Because of this discovery the name of the The temple has the samadhi of Sharana Gulbarga district occupies an important position in Basaveshwara, which is known as Garbha Gudi. the study of the early history. Mauryas and Dating back to the 12th century, the carvings of Shatavahanas ruled the district. Evidence of other elephants, flowers, parrots, creepers and Garuda dynasties are also noticed. Viz., Kadambas of can be seen in the temple. The temple is also Banavasi, (4th Century A.D.) Chalukyas of Badami, known for its Sabhamandapa, which consists of Rashtrakutas of Malkhed (757 A.D.), Chalukyas of around 36 arches and numerous pillars. The Kalyana, Kalachuris of Kalyana, Seuna’s of Devagiri, temple is visited by many travellers on the the Vijayanagar Empire (1336 A.D.), Delhi occasion of the Jatra. Sultanate, The Bahamani Empire (1347 - 1528 A.D.), Adil Shahi’s of Bijapur (0002 to 0032), The Sannati (Village) :- Sannati is a small village Mughal invasions, the Asaf Jahi Dynasty of situated on the shores of the Bhima River in Hyderabad (1724- 1948). There are the important Chitapur Taluk. The Chandrala Parameshwari dynasties and Kingdom who ruled over Gulbarga Temple, located in the village, is popular among district and have left their imprints, in the form of tourists. Many excavations have been done by the architectural monuments, inscriptions etc. Archaeological Survey of India, here. Various sculptures, tablets and terracotta items have been Khwaja Bande Nawaz Dargah :- Khwaja Bande found in the excavation. This place is famous for Nawaz Dargah is considered as a tomb of Khwaja the discovery of an ancient Buddhist Mahastupa. Syed Mohammad Gesu Daraz, a Sufi saint. It is The Karnataka Government strives to establish the constructed in the Indo-Saracenic style of village as an International Buddhist Centre. architecture. The domes, arches and walls draw inspiration from the Bahmani, Turkish and Iranian Jama Masjid, Gulbarga :- Jama Masjid, situated architecture. There is a library in the dargah, that within the ramparts of the Gulbarga Fort, has a collection of around 10,000 books in resembles the mosque of Cordova, Spain. different languages including Persian, Urdu and Established to commemorate Gulbarga as a 23 Bahmani capital, it is one of the oldest mosques in an accidental discovery found slabs having ‘Prakrit’ southern India. The masjid was constructed in and ‘Brahmi Script’ inscriptions from the time of 1367 A.D., by Mohammad Bahmani and has emperor Ashoka! So we see that this temple is not various domes and narrow entrances. The roof of only a pilgrim place but also is a historical the masjid which has around 68 domes and looks excavation site. like a pot, is one of the main attractions of the Basava Sagara Dam :- Basava Sagar Dam, masjid. On the northern side of this masjid lies the previously known as Narayanpur Dam, is a dam main entrance gate. It also has a prayer room in constructed across the Krishna River at Siddapur the western direction, that has numerous white Village inMuddebihal Taluk, Bijapur District, painted pillars. [1] Karnataka, India. The reservoir that it impounds Gulbarga Fort :- Gulbarga Fort is constructed in is known as Basava Sagar, and has a total storage Islamic style of architecture, by a feudatory of the capacity of 37.965 tmcft (1.075 km³), with 30.5 [2][3] Orangal Kakatiyas, Raja Gulchand. It is believed tmcft (0.85 km³) live storage. The full reservoir that the fort was fortified by Alauddin Bahman, level is 492.25 m MSL and the minimum draw after Gulbarga became the capital of the Bahmani down level is 481.6 m MSL. It was a single purpose Dynasty. project meant only for irrigation, but downstream electrical generation and drinking water The premises of the fort encompass considerations enter into its management. The numerous ancient buildings, mosques, temples dam is 29 meters high and over 10 kilometres and stables. There are various other structures, long,[2]and has 30 gates for water release.[3] It took like towers and ammunition dumps, present within Rs. 50.48 crore to complete.[4] the fort. The fort withstood invasions by several When it was completed in 1982[2] it armies and raiding marauders. After the fort was provided water to irrigate 4.21 lakh hectares destroyed by Vijayanagara King Krishnadevaraya, in Jewargi taluka in Gulbarga Adil Shah reconstructed it. district, Shahapur andShorapur talukas in Yadgir About Chandralamba Temple :- Mythology district, Sindagi and Indi talukas in Bijapur district, describes an interesting story about the Chandrala and Lingsugur and Devadurga talukas in Raichur [5] Parmeshwari Temple. It is said that Chandrala was district. incarnation of Goodess Laxmi and she came upto In 1992, two of the irrigation gates partially the banks of Bheema to save her devotee failed.[3] In 2005, there was a collapse of one of the Chandravadni from the captivity of evil king Setu gates in the dam and up to a lakh cusecs of water Raya by sending her ‘paduka’ (footwear) to a place was being released before emergency actions called Hongunti. Five bumble bees emerged from were effective. The gate broke open on the her paduka and killed Setu by making him drown in morning of 6 October and most of the water flow the river Bheema. Many Brahmin and Hindu was stopped by the afternoon of the 9th. Basava families consider Sannati Chanderala Parmeshwari Sagar reservoir dropped several metres as a and Hongunti Hingulambika as family deities and result.[5][6] worship them whole heartedly. As you enter the In April 2011, farmers fearing loss of their gateway you will find yourself under a ‘gopura’ crops staged a protest at Narayanpur dam, and (South-Indian term for pyramidal tower over forced the staff to release water after officials had entrance gate) and this aisle leads you to the shut down releases due to low rainfall and shrine, some ancient pillars and a courtyard. The inflows.[7] This type of protests in earlier years, Archaeological Survey of India has found many such as the one in April 2005 where large numbers artefacts at this site during excavations. The most of police prevented the farmer's from releasing important discovery was that many Buddhist the water.[8]As of August 2013, the project has an sculptures of limestone were found. These were estimated capacity of 31.47 TMC. the supposed ruins of two Buddhist Stupas the larger of which was the ruin of ‘Maha Stupa’. Also, 24 Deval Ghanagapur :- Deval Ghanagapur Village is include that of Da'ud (d. 1378/779 AH) and situated in the Afzalpur Taluk. This village is Ghiyath al-Din (d. 1397/799 AH). famous for the Nirgun Math Temple and Kalleshwar Temple. Sangam, also known as the The tombs of Da'ud and Firuz both consist Sangam Kshetra, is a prominent tourist attraction of two domed chambers linked by a narrow near the confluence of two rivers, Bhima and interior corridor, forming a double mausoleum, Amarja. while the tombs of Mujahid and Ghiyath al-Din are typical square plan single domed monuments. Another popular attraction is the Ash Hill, located in the vicinity of the Sangam. As per Sources :- Merklinger, Elizabeth Schotten. Indian legends, ash came out of the hill where Lord Islamic architecture: the Deccan 1347-1686, 109- Parashurama performed meditation. The ash is 111. Warminster, England: considered to be holy and is believed to relieve sins. The Nrsimha Theertha, Chakra Theertha, Buddha vihar :- Buddha Vihara is place for Sreepaada Theertha, Manmatha Theertha, Buddhists. Situated in Gulbarga, a city in the Indian Rudrapada Theertha, Bagerathi Theertha, Paapa state of Karnataka. It started in January 7 2007. Nashaka Theertha and Koti Theertha constitute The Buddha Vihar complex blends architectural the Ashta Teerthas. These teerthas are visited by features of eminent Buddhist centers many tourists to take a holy dip. of Sanchi, Sarnath, Ajanta and Nagpur and has been constructed conforming to traditional Chandrampalli Dam :- The Chandrampalli Dam is Buddhist architecture.[4][5] constructed across river Bhima. The dam is located in Chandrampalli village of Chincholi taluq under Badami Chalukya architecture :- the Gulbarga district of Karnataka. Since it is one of The Badami Chalukya architecture was a temple the prime dams of the district, it is responsible for building idiom that evolved in the 5th – 8th the irrigation of several villages in Chincholi taluq.