Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline (Ref.: HT HPTS.G: 2018) Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline (2019) "Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline" st 1 Edition Published by: The MJC Halaal Trust (MJCHT) Copyright © MJC Halaal Trust (MJCHT), January 2020 / Jamād-ul-Thani 1441 Printed in Cape Town, SA by: ISBN: Cover Design: Shaykh Zaid Dante Typesetting & Layout: Dr Y. Toefy An Accolade The International Trade Centre (ITC), which is based in Geneva, Switzerland, is the joint Agency of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and United Nations (UN), has listed the MJC Halaal Trust (MJCHT) as the first and oldest Ḥalāl Regulatory Body in the world. In their 2015 “Ḥalāl Goes Global” publication, under the heading, “The Evolution of Ḥalāl Regulations”, the ITC states (p.32) :- 1945 - The Muslim Judicial Council Halaal Trust was formed in Cape Town, to ensure that Islamic dietary laws are adhered to for the Muslims in South Africa. We extend our gratitude, appreciation and respect to our honourable forefathers for their dedication and commitment towards ensuring that food consumed in South Africa is ḥalāl. Compiled & Written by: Achmat bin Yusuf Sedick-Carr (MJCHT Director) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Page 2 of 73 (3rd Revision: February 2019) [Copyright: MJCHT – Copying & Network Storage Prohibited] Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline (Ref.: HT HPTS.G: 2018) Table of Contents The MJCHT Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline Page Table of Contents ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 3 Preface ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 5 Scope ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 5 Introduction ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 6 Some Pertinent Terminologies used in the Ḥalāl Industry ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 6 Acknowledgement ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 6 ISO Standards (ISO) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 7 Ḥalāl Policy (HP) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 7 Ḥalāl Assurance Quality Management System (HAQMS) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 7 In-House Ḥalāl Team ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 7 8 …………….………….……………………….………………………… [( َحيَاة ُم ْستَ ِق َّرة) Life [Ḥayāt-Mustaqirrah 8 …………….………….……………………….………………………… ( َحيَاة ُم ْستَ ِم َّرة) Breathing – Continuous Life 8 …………….………….……………………….………………………… نِ َقات التَّ َح ُّكم ا ْل َح ِر َج ة – (The Ḥalāl Critical Control Points (HCCP Mandatory Vs Discretionary Ḥalāl Critical Control Points (HCCP) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 9 Sophistication for Determining Life ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 10 Islāmic Throat-Slitting (Tadhkiyah) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 11 Types of Islāmic Throat-Slitting ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 12 Illustration of Islāmic Throat-Slitting ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 12 The Tasmiyah ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 12 Poultry Stunning ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 14 The Dhabḥ Throat-Slitting ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 20 The Madh-habi (Fiqhi) Differences ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 21 Severing the Spinal Cord (Nukhā) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 21 Dhabḥ Throat-Slitting the Qafā (i.e. the Nape of the Neck) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 22 Cutting the Head off Completely ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 22 A Key Objective of the Three Methods of Islāmic Throat-Slitting ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 23 Indispensable Islāmic Throat-Slitting Criteria ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 24 The Throat-Slitting Environment/Space ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 24 The Throat-Slitter (i.e. the slaughterer) ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 25 Essential Conditions re: Correctness of Islāmic Throat-Slitting ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 25 The Throat-Slitting Instrument ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 26 The Throat-Slit ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 28 The Post-Throat Slitting Environment / Space ………………………….……………………….………….…………… 29 Page 3 of 73 (3rd Revision: February 2019) [Copyright: MJCHT – Copying & Network Storage Prohibited] Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline (Ref.: HT HPTS.G: 2018) Table of Contents (Cont.) Page Rendering ……….………………………………….…………………………… 29 The Signs of Life ……….………………………………….…………………………… 30 The Signs of Death ……….………………………………….…………………………… 31 Specific Conditions for the Correct Throat-Slitting Procedure ……….………………………………….…………………………… 31 Determining Life of the Throat-slit Broiler after Throat-Slitting ……….………………………………….…………………………… 32 ḥayāt-mustaqirrah) ……….………………………………….…………………………… 33) َحيَاة ُم ْستَ ِق َّر ة - Life Schematic Flow Diagram for a Poultry Slaughterhouse ……….………………………………….…………………………… 34 35 …………………………….………………………………….……… ( ِا ْستِ ْن َزاف) Exsanguination The Bleeding Period ……….………………………………….…………………………… 36 ḥaraka-tul-madhbūḥ] ……….………………………………….…………………………… 39] َح َر َكة ا ْل َم ْذبُ ْوح - Throat-Slitting Movement 39 …………………………….………………………………….……… َح َر َكة ُم ْستَ ِم َّر ة – Permanent/Continuous Movement Involuntary Muscle-Movements/Spasms ……….………………………………….…………………………… 40 The Significance of Establishing the HCCP ……….………………………………….…………………………… 40 Canalizing the HCCP at the Slaughterhouse ……….………………………………….…………………………… 40 HCCP of the Throat-Slitting Procedure ……….………………………………….…………………………… 41 The HCCP of the Throat-Slitting Line ……….………………………………….…………………………… 41 Qualifications of the Checker / Supervisor ……….………………………………….…………………………… 41 Documentation – Pertinent Records of the Checker / Supervisor ……….………………………………….…………………………… 42 44 …………………………….………………………………….……… (التَّ ْعبِئَة َوالتَّ ْغ ِل ْيف) Packaging Ḥalāl Packaging ……….………………………………….…………………………… 46 46 …………………………….………………………………….……… ( َو ْضع ا ْلعَ ََل َمات) Labelling Labelling Requirements ……….………………………………….…………………………… 48 Mandatory Info. Required on Food Labels ……….………………………………….…………………………… 48 Conformity / Non-Conformity ……….………………………………….…………………………… 49 Conclusion ……….………………………………….…………………………… 51 Appendix I – Table of Diacritical Writing ……….………………………………….…………………………… 53 Appendix II – Common Abbreviations ……….………………………………….…………………………… 54 Appendix III - MJCHT Non-Conformity Record Sheet ……….………………………………….…………………………… 56 Appendix IV - The Feeding Lot ……….………………………………….…………………………… 58 Appendix V - Guideline Parameters for Electrical Stunning ……….………………………………….…………………………… 60 Appendix VI - Reversible Vs Irreversible ……….………………………………….…………………………… 64 Appendix VII - In-House Ḥalāl Team (IHT) ……….………………………………….…………………………… 65 Appendix VII - Ḥalāl Policy ……….………………………………….…………………………… 66 Appendix VIII - Risk Management (Ḥalāl Critical Points) ……….………………………………….…………………………… 68 Bibliography ……….………………………………….…………………………… 71 Page 4 of 73 (3rd Revision: February 2019) [Copyright: MJCHT – Copying & Network Storage Prohibited] Ḥalāl Poultry Throat-Slitting Guideline (Ref.: HT HPTS.G: 2018) بِ ْس ِم هللاِ ال َّر ْح َم ِن ال َّر ِح ْي ِم In the Name of Allāh, the Beneficent, the Most Merciful 01. Preface The MJC Halaal Trust (MJCHT) has a proud legacy of ḥalāl certification with dignity and integrity for more than seventy (70) years. Over the years, ḥalāl certification has developed, transformed and progressed into contemporary cyberspace and other management and technological advancements, underlined with ISO Standards requirements that once a ḥalāl certifying body (HCB) does not keep abreast with such progressive advancements, it will most definitely become irrelevant. The challenge is that the HCB, despite its various past achievements and impeccable reputation, needs to rise to the occasion of being able to adjust and modify itself. Thus, in this way, the HCB becomes compatible with modern times and contemporary thinking, otherwise the HCB will become disconnected, marginalized and irrelevant in the local and global ḥalāl industry. In a conversation with a prominent non-Muslim businessman, he essentially shared with me his sentiments, as follows:- Unlike many other ḥalāl certifying bodies, one positive and fundamental strength the MJC Halaal Trust (MJCHT) has, is that it is a modern & contemporary ḥalāl certification body that understands the modern world and has adjusted to it. This advantage should give the MJCHT the competitive edge within an ever-evolving and flourishing ḥalāl industry. The modern world comes with many complexities. Our modern world comes with big businesses having different religious persuasions and having a rainbow nation that works within every region of the country. You cannot be modern and contemporary without having the vision of being “inclusive South Africa, an UBUNTU rainbow nation”. Therefore, you cannot be demanding that there must be a Muslim in every business you are ḥalāl certifying, otherwise you decline to certify it. Going that way is simply not practical religiously, culturally, ethically and even commercially. It simply does not make business sense. The MJCHT should have a well-designed, comprehensive strategic business plan, imprinting its footprint into every nook where ḥalāl certification is required, especially in South Africa. Fundamentally, being modern and contemporary, the MJCHT should not compromise on its core religious standards, regulations and guidelines with its ḥalāl certification procedures and processes within the ḥalāl industry. 02. Scope Generally, ‘slaughtering’ in this Islāmic throat-slitting guideline booklet implies to cut, slit or to sever four essential vessels in the anterior part of the throat in the broiler’s neck, with the intention of killing the broiler1 / poultry for its meat. We