W O R K E R S O F A L L C O U N T R I E S , U N I T E! L E N I N COLLECTED WORKS 19 A THE RUSSIAN EDITION WAS PRINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A DECISION OF THE NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.) AND THE SECOND CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE U.S.S.R. ИНCTИTУT МАРÇCИзМА — ЛЕНИНИзМА пpи ЦK KНCC B. n. l d H n H С О Ч И Н E Н И Я И з д a н u е ч е m в е p m o e ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ M О С К В А V. I. L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS VOLUME 1B March– December 1(1/ PROGRESS PUBLISHERS MOSCOW TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN BY THE LATE G E O R G E H A N N A EDITED BY R O B E R T D A G L I S H First printing 1963 Second printing 1968 Third printing 1973 Fourth printing 1977 From Marx to Mao M L © Digital Reprints 2011 www.marx2mao.com Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 10102–014 l ÇÜà èÇõÄÉå. 014(01)–77 7 CONTENTS Page Preface ........................ 17 THE THREE SOURCES AND THREE COMPONENT PARTS OF MARXISM ....................... 23 I ........................ 24 II ........................ 25 III ........................ 27 BIG ACHIEVEMENT OF THE CHINESE REPUBLIC ........ 29 OLD PROBLEMS AND THE SENILE DECAY OF LIBERALISM ... 31 THE “OIL HUNGER ” ................... 33 THE CADET ASSEMBLY BILL ............... 37 THE BALKAN WAR AND BOURGEOIS CHAUVINISM ....... 39 CONVERSATION ..................... 43 CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA AND THE WORKING-CLASS MOVEMENT. A Newspaper Report .................. 47 EDUCATED DEPUTIES .................. 52 “WHO STANDS TO GAIN?” ................ 53 IN BRITAIN (The Sad Results of Opportunism) ....... 55 CIVILISED EUROPEANS AND SAVAGE ASIANS ......... 57 MERCHANT ACCOUNTANCY ................ 59 A GREAT TECHNICAL ACHIEVEMENT ............ 61 A FEW WORDS ON RESULTS AND FACTS .......... 63 8 CONTENTS SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESETTLEMENT SCHEME ....... 66 VEKHI CONTRIBUTORS AND NATIONALISM (Bibliographical Note) . 72 THE LIBERALS AND FREEDOM FOR THE UNIONS ....... 74 FOR THE ATTENTION OF LUCH AND PRAVDA READERS .... 76 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH OF JOSEPH DIETZGEN ....................... 79 THE BOURGEOISIE AND PEACE .............. 83 THE AWAKENING OF ASIA ................ 85 SEPARATISTS IN RUSSIA AND SEPARATISTS IN AUSTRIA .... 87 THE RESETTLEMENT SCHEME AGAIN ............ 89 THE WORKING CLASS AND THE NATIONAL QUESTION ..... 91 BRITISH SOCIALIST PARTY CONFERENCE .......... 93 IS THE CONDITION OF THE PEASANTS IMPROVING OR WORS- ENING? ........................ 96 BACKWARD EUROPE AND ADVANCED ASIA ......... 99 A DISCREDITABLE ROLE! (Once More for the Attention of Luch and Pravda Readers) .................. 101 THE LAND QUESTION SETTLED—LANDOWNER FASHION ..... 103 ARMAMENTS AND CAPITALISM .............. 106 HELPLESSNESS AND CONFUSION (Note) ........... 108 DRAFT PLATFORM FOR THE FOURTH CONGRESS OF SOCIAL- DEMOCRATS OF THE LATVIAN AREA ............ 110 Appraisal of the Political Situation and the General Tactical Tasks of the Social-Democrats ........ 110 The Question of the Unity of the R.S.D.L.P....... 112 Attitude to the Liquidators .............. 113 The Question of Support for the Liquidators’ Confer- ence and Organising Committee by the Central Com- mittee of the Social Democratic Party of the Latvian Area ...................... 114 The National Question ................ 115 LIBERAL AND MARXIST CONCEPTIONS OF THE CLASS STRUG- GLE. Note ....................... 119 CONTENTS 9 FACTORY OWNERS ON WORKERS’ STRIKES .......... 125 I ....................... 125 II ....................... 127 III ....................... 129 AN INCORRECT APPRAISAL (LUCH ON MAKLAKOV) ...... 132 FRANK SPEECHES BY A LIBERAL ............. 135 THE QUESTION OF MINISTRY OF EDUCATION POLICY (Supplement to the Discussion on Public Education) .... 137 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES. AN OPEN PARTY AND THE MARXISTS 147 I. The Decision of 1908.............. 149 II. The Decision of 1910 .............. 153 III. The Attitude of the Liquidators to the Decisions of 1908 and 1910 ............... 156 IV. The Class Significance of Liquidationism ...... 159 V. The Slogan of “Struggle for an Open Party” .... 163 VI........................ 166 LETTER TO M. S. OLMINSKY (VITIMSKY) ........... 170 THE QUESTION OF MR. BOGDANOV AND THE VPERYOD GROUP (For the Editors of Pravda) ............... 173 HAS PRAVDA GIVEN PROOF OF BUNDIST SEPARATISM? .... 175 LIBERALS AS DEFENDERS OF THE FOURTH DUMA ....... 177 THE QUESTION OF THE (GENERAL) AGRARIAN POLICY OF THE PRESENT GOVERNMENT ................. 180 CAPITALISM AND TAXATION................ 197 ECONOMIC STRIKES IN 1912 AND IN 1905 .......... 201 THE GROWTH OF CAPITALIST WEALTH ........... 203 THE PEASANTRY AND THE WORKING CLASS ......... 206 CHILD LABOUR IN PEASANT FARMING ........... 209 THE RESULTS OF STRIKES IN 1912 AS COMPARED WITH THOSE OF THE PAST ..................... 213 IN AUSTRALIA ..................... 216 MAY DAY ACTION BY THE REVOLUTIONARY PROLETARIAT ... 218 NOTES OF A PUBLICIST ................. 228 10 CONTENTS APROPOS OF ONE UNTRUTH (Letter to the Editors) ...... 233 THE WORKING CLASS AND NEOMALTHUSIANISM ....... 235 LIBERAL APPEALS TO SUPPORT THE FOURTH DUMA ..... 238 BOURGEOIS FINANCIAL MAGNATES AND POLITICIANS ..... 241 THESES ON THE NATIONAL QUESTION ........... 243 INSTRUCTIVE SPEECHES ................. 252 PICTURES FROM LIFE .................. 256 THE ADJOURNED DUMAFROM AND THE EMBARRASSEDMARX LIBERALS .. 258 FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESSTO MAO AGAINST PROSTITUTION .. 260 WORD AND DEED .................... 262 CADETS ON THE QUESTION OF THE UKRAINE ........ 266 FRESH DATA ON GERMAN POLITICAL PARTIES ........ 268 EXPOSURE OF THE BRITISH OPPORTUNISTS ......... 272 THE IDEAS OF AN ADVANCEDNOT CAPITALIST FOR.......... 275 WHAT CAN BE DONE FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION ........ 277 PETTY PRODUCTIONCOMMERCIAL IN AGRICULTURE ........... 280 A “FASHIONABLE”DISTRIBUTION BRANCH OF INDUSTRY .......... 283 DEAD LIQUIDATIONISM AND THE LIVING RECH ........ 285 MOBILISATION OF ALLOTMENT LANDS ........... 288 HOW CAN PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION IN RUSSIA BE INCREASED? 292 AUGUST BEBEL ..................... 295 THE SEPARATION OF LIBERALISM FROM DEMOCRACY ..... 302 A FINE BUSINESS! ................... 305 THE NATIONALISATION OF JEWISH SCHOOLS......... 307 CONTENTS 11 IRON ON PEASANT FARMS ................ 309 METALWORKERS’ STRIKE IN 1912 ............. 311 I ....................... 311 II ....................... 313 III ....................... 314 IV ....................... 315 V ....................... 316 VI ....................... 318 VII ....................... 319 VIII ....................... 320 IX ....................... 322 X ....................... 323 THE RUSSIAN BOURGEOISIE AND RUSSIAN REFORMISM .... 325 THE ROLE OF SOCIAL ESTATES AND CLASSES IN THE LIBERA- TION MOVEMENT .................... 328 CLASS WAR IN DUBLIN ................. 332 NEW LAND “REFORM” MEASURES ............. 337 THE MERCHANT SALAZKIN AND THE WRITER F. D....... 340 THE STRUGGLE FOR MARXISM .............. 343 A WEEK AFTER THE DUBLIN MASSACRE .......... 348 QUESTIONS OF PRINCIPLE IN POLITICS. The Liberal Bourgeoisie and Reformism .................... 350 LIBERALS AND DEMOCRATS ON THE LANGUAGE QUESTION ... 354 THE LANGUAGE FIGURES ................. 358 I ....................... 358 II ....................... 359 III ....................... 361 IV ....................... 362 BOURGEOIS GENTLEMEN ON “FAMILY” FARMING ....... 364 HARRY QUELCH .................... 369 MARXISM AND REFORMISM ................ 372 12 CONTENTS THE LAND QUESTION AND THE RURAL POOR ........ 376 HOW DOES BISHOP NIKON DEFEND THE UKRAINIANS? .... 379 NOTES OF A PUBLICIST ................. 382 I. Non-Party Intellectuals Against Marxism ..... 382 II. Liberal Blindness ............... 383 III. A Necessary Explanation ............ 385 CIVILISED BARBARISM .................. 388 THE BLACK HUNDREDS ................. 390 RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT AND RUSSIAN REFORMS ....... 392 HOW VERA ZASULICH DEMOLISHES LIQUIDATIONISM ..... 394 I ....................... 394 II ....................... 399 III ....................... 402 IV ....................... 405 V ....................... 407 VI ....................... 410 RESOLUTIONS OF THE SUMMER, 1913, JOINT CONFERENCE OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P. AND PARTY OFFICIALS ....................... 417 THE TASKS OF AGITATION IN THE PRESENT SITUATION 419 RESOLUTION ON THE ORGANISATIONAL QUESTION AND ON THE PARTY CONGRESS .............. 421 THE STRIKE MOVEMENT ............... 422 THE PARTY PRESS ................. 423 SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC ACTIVITIES IN THE DUMA ...... 424 THE SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC GROUP IN THE DUMA ..... 425 WORK IN LEGAL ASSOCIATIONS ............ 426 RESOLUTION ON THE NATIONAL QUESTION ....... 427 THE NARODNIKS .................. 429 THERE’S A TRUDOVIK FOR YOU! ............. 432 CONTENTS 13 BEWILDERED NON-PARTY PEOPLE ............. 436 THE LIBERALS AND THE LAND PROBLEM IN BRITAIN ..... 439 A WEAK DEFENCE OF A WEAK CASE ............ 443 DECLARATION ..................... 446 THE DUMA “SEVEN” ................... 449 THE LIBERAL BOURGEOISIE AND THE LIQUIDATORS ...... 451 CAPITALISM AND WORKERS’ IMMIGRATION ......... 454 MATERIAL ON THE CONFLICT WITHIN THE SOCIAL-DEMO- CRATIC DUMA GROUP .................. 458 Whose Will? ................... 458 What Is the Will of the Majority of the Class-Con- scious Workers of Russia?............ 459 What Did the Elections to the Second, Third and Fourth Dumas Reveal Concerning the Will of the Proleta- riat ..................... 460 Who Are the Deputies? .............. 461 What Is the Will of the Workers as Shown by Work- ers’ Newspapers in Russia? ........... 463 What Is the Will of the Workers as