TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements............................................................................................................iii Acronyms and abbreviations.............................................................................................. iv List of Tables....................................................................................................................vii List of Figures...................................................................................................................vii List of Boxes ....................................................................................................................vii Executive Summary.........................................................................................................viii 1.0 Overview of the WDC Project................................................................................... 1 2.0 Project Poverty & Social Impact Assessment............................................................. 3 2.1 Scope of Services and Objectives ............................................................................ 3 2.2 Survey design and methodology............................................................................... 4 3.0 Project Overall Performance (Results) ...................................................................... 6 4.0 Project Impact ...................................................................................................... 10 4.1 Summary of baseline conditions............................................................................. 10 4.2 Post-Project conditions of producer group members................................................. 11 4.3 Changes in the incomes of direct beneficiaries as a result of the transfer of technical knowledge and skills provided by the project for improving design, processing and production techniques for small-scale handicraft and food Production........................ 16 4.4 Changes in consumption, quality of life and poverty status of direct beneficiaries........ 19 4.5 Assessment of extent to which knowledge and skills acquired by direct beneficiaries from the project have been shared with others in their communities........................... 22 4.6 Impact of the project on gender attitudes and relations in the project’s target areas..... 23 4.7 Improvements in the capacity of WDC, PDWA and MoWA technical staff: KI WDC ..... 24 4.8 Beneficiary profiles/case studies of Beneficiaries in project villages ........................... 26 5.0 Project Effectiveness: community interaction, mobilization, participation, social capital and the degree of beneficiary buy-in to the achieve the objectives of the project ......... 38 6.0 Project Relevance: community-based approach to enterprise development, overall outcomes ............................................................................................................. 39 7.0 Project Sustainability Assessment .......................................................................... 42 8.0 Conclusions: challenges, limitations and opportunities.............................................. 45 9.0 Detailed recommendations .................................................................................... 46 Annexes ......................................................................................................................... 48 Annex 1. Summary of the Household Survey Annex 2. Questionnaires Annex 3. Terms of Reference Annex 4. Research Team Poverty & Social Impact Assessment (PSIA) ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research team acknowledge their gratitude to H.E. KETH Sam Ath, CPU members, Project Consultants, National Management Consultants and PIU staff in the provinces of Kampong Chhnang and Siem Reap for their generous support, feedback, comments and for facilitating the information gathering by the research team for this Research Assessment. Poverty & Social Impact Assessment (PSIA) iii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ACLEDA Association of Cambodian Local Economic Development Agency ADB Asian Development Bank AMK Angkor Mikroheranhvatho (Kampuchea) Co., Ltd BDS Business Development Services CARDI Cambodian Agricultural Research Development Institute CaRM Cambodia Resident Mission, ADB CBOs Community Based Organizations CEDAC Centre d’Etude et de Développement Agricole Cambogien CfC................................Carpets for Communities CPGC…………………..Commune Producer Group Centers CRA Community Resource Assessment EcDev Economic Development EDAP Enterprise Development Action Plan EEOW Expanding Employment Opportunities for Women (ILO/Japan project) FAO.............................. Food and Agriculture Organization FGD Focus Group Discussion FYI For Your Information GDCC Government-Donor Cooperation Committee GET Ahead................... Gender and Enterprise Together GIM Grant Implementation Manual GTZ German Technical Cooperation GWG Gender Working Group HATHA KASEKOR The Name of Micro-Credit Agency (Achievements of Farmers?) ILO International Labour Organization IOs International Organization JFPR Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KCH Kampong Chhnang Province KI Key Informants KWHA........................... Khmer Women’s Handicraft Association m Meter MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MFI Micro finance institution MOI Market Opportunity Identification MoP Ministry of Planning MoU.............................. Memorandum of Understanding MoWA Ministry of Women’s Affairs MSE Micro and small enterprise MTC Management and Training Consultant NGOs Non-Governmental Organization NSDP National Strategic Development Plan NTFP............................ Non-Timber Forest Products Poverty & Social Impact Assessment (PSIA) iv PC Project Coordinator PCU Project Coordination Unit PDWA Provincial Department of Women’s Affairs PGE Partnership for Gender Equity (UNDP project) PIU Project Implementation Unit PMC Project Management Consultant PMG Priority Mission Group PRA Participatory Rapid Appraisal PRASAC Programme de Rehabilitation et d’Appui au Secteur Agricole du Cambodge RGC Royal Government of Cambodia SOE Statement of Expenditures SRP Siem Reap Province TC Technical Coordinator TWG-G Technical Working Group on Gender (of the GDCC) UNDP United Nations Development Programme VCA Value Chain Analysis WDC Women’s Development Center WID Women in Development Poverty & Social Impact Assessment (PSIA) v Cambodian Terms used in the Document Angrot Bamboo sieve used for fishing Cheung Tea Cabbage with leaves like duct foot. Chongkeus Cabbage long-leafed like chopsticks. Kanchreng fish Fish basket made from bamboo Khatna Broccoli Kheav Cabbage Chinese cabbage, green-leafed Kheng A big basket, made from bamboo Kou Yon Local tractor made as vehicle for transporting people Kraloar Bamboo Sieve-narrow spaced Kraloar Bamboo sieve with wider space for carrying vegetables Kronhanh Lettuce. Nonong Gourd Pandanus/Romchek Pandan leaf with serrated leaves. Proa/paao Umbrella Plant Remorque Trailer towed by bicycle, motorbike or handtractor Siek Basket/Pkleak Flat bamboo basket Hatha Kasekor Achievements of Farmers, a micro-finance institution Kome woven mat with intricate and colourful design Siek/Pkleak bamboo baskets Currency: Exchange rate: US$ 1= Riel 4,100 Poverty & Social Impact Assessment (PSIA) vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1.List of Village Producer Groups and Products (sampling frame) ................................. 4 Table 2. Livelihood Activity ............................................................................................... 12 Table 3. Summary of Income from Major Economic Activities (US$)..................................... 17 Table 4. Comparison Actual Price of Handicraft and Price Received with Money Given in Advance............................................................................................................ 21 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of Project area.............................................................................................. 3 Figure 2. Seasonal calendar ............................................................................................. 12 Figure 3. Change in your income from your product from the previous years’ 2008 ................ 12 Figure 4. Percentage of Livelihood Activities by Gender ...................................................... 13 Figure 5. Percentage of total income ................................................................................. 17 Figure 6. Weekly Basic Expenses ..................................................................................... 19 Figure 7. Annual Non-Food Expenses ............................................................................... 19 Figure 8. Poverty Score Level/ MoP - GTZ Module ............................................................. 20 LIST OF BOXES Box 1. SRP: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary of Vegetable Growing .......................... 26 Box 2. SRP: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary of Vegetable Growing .......................... 27 Box 3. SRP: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary of Proa Mat Weaving ........................... 28 Box 4. SRP: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary of cotton Weaving & Handbags............. 29 Box 5. SRP: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary from Basket Weaving........................... 30 Box 6. SRP: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary from Basket Weaving........................... 31 Box 7. KCH: Case Study: Woman Direct Beneficiary from Sedge Mat Weaving....................