WALK MY STREET TO ROME COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS OF ROMAN HERITAGE Roos Nagtegaal Registration number: 850325 595 080 MLE student GEO-80433 Submission date: 7 September 2015 Department of Environmental Sciences Cultural Geography Chair Group Examiners: Meghann Ormond and Claudio Minca 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................... 2 Table of figures and tables ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Summary ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Problem statement ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Scientific objectives ...................................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Research question ........................................................................................................................................ 9 1.4 Characteristics of the study .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.5 Structure of the thesis ................................................................................................................................ 10 2 Literature review ................................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 A history of Heritage tourism ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 The beginning of heritage tourism ...................................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 Heritage tourism in modernity ............................................................................................................ 11 2.1.3 Heritage tourism in post modernity .................................................................................................... 12 2.1.4 Heritage today ..................................................................................................................................... 17 2.2 Scales of heritage ........................................................................................................................................ 19 2.2.1 Heritage on a national level ................................................................................................................ 19 2.2.2 Heritage on an European level ............................................................................................................ 22 2.2.3 World heritage .................................................................................................................................... 25 2.2.4 Personal and local heritage ................................................................................................................. 26 3 Methods ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 3.1 Demarcation of the studied area ................................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Roman heritage experts ............................................................................................................................. 31 3.3 Residents Hunnerberg ................................................................................................................................ 32 3.3.1 The Hunnerberg area .......................................................................................................................... 33 3.3.2 The sample .......................................................................................................................................... 34 3.3.3 Data collection residents Hunnerberg ................................................................................................. 36 2 3.4 Data analysis ............................................................................................................................................... 39 4 Results ................................................................................................................................................................ 40 4.1 My mother’s house ..................................................................................................................................... 43 4.1.1 Expert motivations for this study ........................................................................................................ 45 4.1.2 The neighborhood and its people ....................................................................................................... 45 4.2 KAM museum ............................................................................................................................................. 46 4.2.1 Education ............................................................................................................................................. 48 4.3 Sign ‘all Paths’ ............................................................................................................................................. 49 4.3.1 Limes ................................................................................................................................................... 50 4.4 Panoramic view point ................................................................................................................................. 51 4.4.1 Tourism experience ............................................................................................................................. 53 4.5 Time gates (video panel) ............................................................................................................................. 53 4.5.1 Representation .................................................................................................................................... 55 4.5.2 Images of Roman times ....................................................................................................................... 56 4.6 Castle houses .............................................................................................................................................. 57 4.7 Porta Romana ............................................................................................................................................. 58 4.8 Emperor Column Rooie dorp ...................................................................................................................... 60 4.8.1 Community involvement Roman heritage in Hengstdal ..................................................................... 60 4.9 ‘Kopse hof’ Sign .......................................................................................................................................... 61 4.9.1 Spatial identity ..................................................................................................................................... 63 5 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................... 66 5.1 Experiences of a heritage community relating their multiple identities .................................................... 66 5.1.1 Emotional involvement with Roman heritage of Hunnerberg neighborhood residents ..................... 66 5.1.2 Residents experiences and practices of Roman heritage in daily life ................................................. 67 5.1.3 The Roman heritage experiencing of Hunnerberg residents relating their multiple identities .......... 68 5.1.4 Hunnerberg residents perceptions of Roman heritage representations ............................................ 69 5.1.5 Heritage experience and spatial identity claims ................................................................................. 70 5.2 The use of methods .................................................................................................................................... 70 5.3 Proposals for future research ..................................................................................................................... 72 3 6 References.......................................................................................................................................................... 74 7 Appendices ......................................................................................................................................................... 81 Appendix I ......................................................................................................................................................... 82 4 TABLE OF FIGURES AND TABLES Figure 1 Roman Empire 80-180 AD, Buro Kloeg, 2009 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