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There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028703233 MANUAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY, DIPLOMACY, AND GOVERNMENT MANUAL OF AMEEICAN HISTORY, DIPLOMACY, AND GOVERNMENT 3for (11300 1Il0e BY ALBERT BUSHNELL HAET PKOFESSOR OF HISTORY AT HARVARD nNIVERSITI CAMBRIDGE publisbet) bp Iftarvarb XDlniversits 1908 COPYRIGHT, 1908 BY HARVARD UNIVERSITY PREFACE I ^HIS book is the result of twenty-five years' experience as a teacher of American History at Harvard Uni- versity; and embodies methods and materials for several forms of individual student work, as required in courses in American history, diplomacy, and government in that in- stitution. The book is founded on several previous publi- cations of a similar kind, issued by the author under the titles "Outlines," "Suggestions for Students," "Revised Suggestions," and "Hand-Book"; but the material has been carefully worked over for the present volume, especially in view of a change in the narrative course in United States history, by which it includes the forty years since the Civil War. The references for the group readings, lectures, and class-room papers have been revised and enlarged by in- cluding the numerous books that have appeared during the last six years; and they have been verified by Mr. J. M. Plaisted, 2d, for several years assistant in the Harvard course in United States history, and by Mr. Thomas N. Hoover of the Harvard Graduate School. Although adapted to be a guide and aid in some specific courses conducted by the author in Harvard University, it is hoped that the arrangement of the volume will make it VI PREFACE serviceable to other teachers and students of history. In addition to three detailed courses in history, diplomacy, and government which would extend over an entire college year the book contains three lists of thirty lectures, each adapted for summer schools or University extension; and while a lecturer would naturally change the proportions of the courses, leaving out some subjects and introducing others, the parallel and lecture readings will fit a variety of subjects, and may save the instructor from tedious use of the black- board. The three sets of "Class-Room Papers" are not intended to cover the whole area in any subject; they are examples of specific inquiries which illustrate important subjects in one or another field; which are intended to give the student training in independent and sound thinking upon some of the vital topics which must be included in any systematic course. Printing the bibliographical apparatus saves the time both of teacher and students, and much of that material is available for the reader, investigator, debater, or thesis writer; but all of the apparatus and lists of authorities and materials for lectures, all the suggestions for reading, for written work, and examination, can only set the student on the road; how far and how safely and how swiftly he goes, must depend upon his own abilities and resolution. Albert Bushnell Hart. Cambridge, March 18, 1908. CONTENTS FABT I. METHODS AND MATERIALS PAGE 1. The three Fields American History, Diplomacy, and Government . I — 1 § 2. Differentiation o£ the Six Courses ... 2 3. Students' Work in each of the Courses . t ... 3 § 4. Lecture Notes 4 § 5. Use ol Text-books . 5 § 6. Parallel Readings 5 § 7. Class-room Written Work . 7 § 8. Library Written Work . 9 § 9. Examinations 10 j 10. How to use Books 12 § 11. Use of Bibliographical Aids . 12 § 12. Use of Secondary Materials . 14 § 13. Use of Sources . 15 \ 14. Collections of Books . ... 15 \ 15. Students' Handbooks in United States History (Course A). 16 § 16. Students' Handbooks in Brief United States History (Course B) 17 § 17. Special Collection in United States History (Courses A and B) . 18 § 18. Collections of Historical Sources (Courses A and B) 25 ) 19. Students' Handbooks in Diplomatic History (Course C) . 33 § 20. Students' Handbooks in Brief Diplomatic History (Course D) 34 § 21 . Special Collection in American Diplomacy (Courses C and D) 35 \ 22. Students' Handbooks in American Government (Course E) . 36 § 23. Students' Handbooks in Brief American Government (Course F) 37 § 24. Special Collection in Government (Courses E and F) 38 PART II. LECTURES AND READINGS \ 25. Character of the Lectures 40 § 26. Historical Geography 40 § 27. Personality 41 Political History ) 28. (1789-1907) Ninety Lectures on Constitutional and of the United States (Course A) . 43 § 29. (1607-1789) Readings on Elements of United States History 44 § 30. (1607-1789) Lectures on Elements of United States History. (Leets. 1-7) . 44 Viii CONTENTS PAGE §31. (1789-1793) Readings on Organization of the Government . 47 § 32. (1789-1793) Lectures on Organization of the Government. (Lects. 8-16) . 48 § 33. (1793-1801) Readings on Federalist Supremacy ... 52 § 34. (1793-1801) Lectures on Federalist Supremacy. (Lects. 17-20) .... ... 52 § 35. (1801-1815) Readings on Foreign Complications . 54 § 36. (1801-1815) Lectures on Foreign Complications. (Lects. 21-26) ... ... 55 § 37. (1815-1829) Readings on Growth of National Sentiment 58 § 38. (1815-1829) Lectures on Growth of National Sentiment. (Lects. 27-36) . 59 § 39. (1829-1837) Readings on Democratization of the National Government . 63 § 40. (1829-1837) Lectures on Democratization of the National Government. (Lects. 37-45) . 64 § 41. (1829-1842) Readings on Elements of the Slavery Question 68 § 42. (1829-1842) Lectures on Elements of the Slavery Question. (Lects. 46-50) 68 § 43. (1841-1850) Readings on Territory and Slavery . 70 § 44. (1841-1850) Lectures on Territory and Slavery. (Lects. 51-56) 71 § 45. (1860-1860) Readings on the Issue Joined ' 74 §46. (1850-1860) Lectures on the Issue Joined. (Lects. 57-63) 74 § 47. (1860-1861) Readings on Coming on of the Civil War 77 § 48. (1860-1861) Lectures on Coming on of the Civil War. (Lects. 64^70) . 78 § 49. (1861-1865) Readings on the Civil War ... 82 §50. (1861-1865) Lectures on the Civil War. (Lects. 71-78) 82 § 51. (1865-1884) Readings on Reconstruction and Reorganization 86 § 52. (1865-1884) Lectures on Reconstruction and Reorganiza- tion. (Lects. 79-83) . ... 86 § 53. (1885-1907) Readings on American Empire . 89 § 54. (1885-1907) Lectures on American Empire. (Lects. 84-90) 89 § 55. (1775-1903) Thirty Lectures on the History of the United States. (Course B) . ... 93 § 56. (1775-1789) Readings on Process of Union . 93 § 57. (1775-1789) Lectures on Process of Union. (Lects. 1-8) 93 § 58. (1789-1829) Readings on Strengthening of the Union . 97 § 59. (1789-1829) Lectures on Strengthening of the Union. (Lects. 9-15) 97 § 60. (1829-1865) Readings on Danger to the Union .... 101 . CONTENTS ix PAQE § 61. (1829-1865) Lectures on Danger to the Union. (Lects. 16-22) . 101 § 62. (1865-1903) Readings on National Readjustment 104 § 63. (1865-1903) Lectures on National Readjustment. (Lects. 23-30) ... .... 104 64. Ninety Lectures in American Diplomacy (Course C) 108 § 65. (1492-1607) Readings on European Claims to America . 109 § 66. (1492-1607) Lectures on European Claims to America. (Lects. 1-5) . 109 § 67. (1607-1689) Readings on Rival Colonial Systems . Ill § 68. (1607-1689) Lectures on Rival Colonial Systems. (Lects. 6-9) . ... Ill § 69. (1689-1775) Readings on Struggle for Supremacy in America 113 § 70. (1689-1775) Lectures on Struggle for Supremacy in Amer- ica. (Lects. 10-15) 113 § 71. (1775-1788) Readings on Diplomacy of the Revolution and Confederation . 116 § 72. (1775-1788) Lectures on Diplomacy of the Revolution and Confederation. (Lects. 16-25) 117 § 73. (1789-1815) Readings on Complications of the Napoleonic Wars 121 § 74. (1789-1815) Lectures on Complications of the Napoleonic Wars. (Lects. 26-41) . 121 § 75. (1815-1829) Readings on Commerce and Boundaries . 128 §76. (1815-1829) Lectures on Commerce and Boundaries. (Lects. 42-45) . .128 Latin-American Diplomacy and the I 77. (1815-1829) Readings on Monroe Doctrine 130 § 78. (1815-1829) Lectures on Latin-American Diplomacy and the Monroe Doctrine. (Lects. 46-50) . 131 § 79. (1829-1861) Readings on Aggressive Foreign Policy 133 § 80. (1829-1861) Lectures on Aggressive Foreign Policy. (Lects. 51-65) . 134 § 81. (1861-1865) Readings on Diplomacy of the Civil War 140 § 82. (1861-1865) Lectures on Diplomacy of the Civil War. (Lects. 66-71) 140 § 83. (1865-1890) Readings on Period of Peaceful Influence 143 § 84.