Compiled by S.Rengasamy Madurai Institute of Social Sciences S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work Contents History of Social Welfare/ Social Work .......................................................................................................................... 3 The need to understand history of social work ............................................................................................................. 3 Framework to understand History of Social Welfare / Social Work .............................................................................. 4 Understanding History through Historical Phases ....................................................................................................... 5 Photos of Walter Friedlander & Simon Patten 9who used the term social work first time) .................................... 9 The Settlement House ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Understanding the History of Social Welfare from various Welfare Traditions ....................................................... 11 Social Work in historical perspective ...................................................................................................................... 11 2. Understanding the History of Social Welfare from various welfare Traditions .................................................... 11 Three Social Welfare / Social Security Tradition ........................................................................................................ 11 The Poor Law tradition ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Poor Law Tradition .................................................................................................................................................. 12 The Poor Law Tradition ............................................................................................................................................... 12 Work House Conditions ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Work Houses ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 Social Insurance Tradition ...................................................................................................................................... 14 Welfare Tradition ................................................................................................................................................... 17 The Welfare State – ................................................................................................................................................ 17 The Welfare State Why did it all start? ................................................................................................................. 17 Three Social Security Strategies ................................................................................................................................. 18 The Social Assistance strategy originating in the Poor law tradition .......................................................................... 18 Social Insurance Strategy ............................................................................................................................................ 18 Social Allowance Strategy ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Founders of the Welfare State-Photo Album ............................................................................................................ 19 History of Social Welfare in USA .................................................................................................................................. 20 1 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 20 3 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 23 4 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 24 Celebrating Social Welfare / Work Pioneers .............................................................................................................. 25 Elizabeth Gurney Fry ............................................................................................................................................... 25 Octavia Hill .............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Arnold Toynbee ...................................................................................................................................................... 27 Jane Addams ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 Mary Richmond ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 George Orwell, John Howard Griffin, Pat Moore, Tolly Toynbee, Günther Wallraff, Barbara Ehrenreich ............ 30 Sir William Beveridge .............................................................................................................................................. 32 Jane Jacobs (1916-2006) ......................................................................................................................................... 33 Joel Fischer .............................................................................................................................................................. 35 Understanding Social Work history by understanding the history of fields of social work ..................................... 36 Indian History Timeline ............................................................................................................................................... 37 Evolution of Social Welfare Ministry in India............................................................................................................... 38 Table: Establishing an Independent Ministry of Social Welfare –Timeline ................................................................. 39 Subjects allocated to the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment -India .............................................................. 41 Ministry of Women and Child Development -India ..................................................................................................... 42 Subjects allocated Ministry of Women and Child Development -India ....................................................................... 43 2 S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work History of Social Welfare/ Social Work The need to understand history of social work The need to understand history of social work The diversity of social work represents a great challenge for social work research, education and practice in the rapidly internationalizing and globalizing world. This challenge can be met successfully only with a deep philosophical and historical understanding of the characteristics of a particular country - and welfare regime – including the specific traditions of welfare systems and the position and role of social work within them. Research into the philosophy and history of social work strengthens this understanding through analyzing the conceptual and genealogical fundamentals of the traditions of social work. This kind of research contributes to the theoretical self-conception of social work which is necessary for the development of social work as a modern professional system, a scientific discipline and a research-based activity. The development of social work as a modern social system depends on its intellectual capacity based on this kind of theoretical self- conception.. Issues within the philosophy of science, political philosophy and the general theory of social action play an important role in the philosophy of social work. Philosophical analyses are closely connected with the history of concepts of social work, but also contribute to the history of social work as a professional social system and social work practices in individual countries. There are several specific areas in practical social philosophy dealing significantly with the theoretical self-conception of social work, for example the philosophy of family, educational philosophy, the philosophy of law, and the theory of human rights. In addition to this, issues of philosophy of science are of great importance for the development of the science of social work. http://eris.osu.eu/index.php?kategorie=35174&id=5176 IN AN ERA OF CHANGE …to reach an understanding of what Social Welfare / Social Work is?.. the issues it should address.. how it should be carried out?… social workers travelled a long path…and it is worth knowing 3 S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work Framework to understand History of Social