TurkJZool 25(2001)375-388 ©TÜB‹TAK RecentOstracoda(Crustacea)FaunaoftheBlackSeaCoastsofTurkey MustafaKILIÇ UniversityofIstanbul,FacultyofScience,DepartmentofBiology, 34459,Vezneciler,‹stanbul-TURKEY Received:15.06.2000 Abstract: ThisstudywasperformedtodeterminetheOstracodafaunaoftheBlackSeacoastsofTurkey.Thematerialcollected from34stationsinJune,July,andAugustof1995wasevaluatedandclassified.Theresultsofthisclassificationareasfollows:24 species(Ilyocyprisinermis,Candonasp.,Cyprinotusinaequivalvis,Heterocyprissalina,Heterocyprisincongruens,Cypridopsisvidua, Potamocyprisvillosa,Potamocyprissteueri,Limnocythereinopinata,Leptocytheremultipunctata,Callistocytheremediterranea,C al- listocytherediffusa,Costaedwardsii,Aurilaconvexa,Cyprideistorosa,Pontocytherebaceseoi,Eucytherurabulgarica,Microcytheru- ranigrescens,Loxoconchapontica,Loxoconcharhomboidea,Xestoleberiscornelii,Sclerochilusgewmülleri,Paradoxostomainter- mediumandParadoxostomaguttatum )and3subspecies( Cythereisrubrapontica,XestoleberisaurantiaaurantiaandXestoleberis aurantiaacutipenis)weredetermined.Twelveofthesespecies( Potamocyprissteueri,Leptocytheremultipunctata,Callistocythere mediterranea,Callistocytherediffusa,Pontocytherebaceseoi,Eucytherurabulgarica,Microcytheruranigrescens,Loxoconchapont i- ca,Xestoleberiscornelii,Sclerochilusgewmülleri,ParadoxostomaintermediumandParadoxostomaguttatum )andthreesubspecies (Cythereisrubrapontica,XestoleberisaurantiaaurantiaandXestoleberisaurantiaacutipenis )arenewrecordsfortheOstracoda faunaofTurkey. KeyWords: Ostracoda,Crustacea,BlackSea,Fauna. Türkiye-KaradenizK›y›lar›n›nGüncelOstrakoda(Crustacea)Faunas› Özet: Buçal›flmaKaradenizk›y›lar›n›nostrakod(Crustacea)faunas›n›belirlemekiçinyap›lm›flt›r.1995y›l›n›nhaziran,temmuzve a¤ustosaylar›nda34istasyondantoplananmateryalde¤erlendirilmiflves›n›fland›r›lmas›yap›lm›flt›r.Bus›n›fland›rmasonucund a24 tür( Ilyocyprisinermis,Candonasp.,Cyprinotusinaequivalvis,Heterocyprissalina,Heterocyprisincongruens,Cypridopsisvidua, Potamocyprisvillosa,Potamocyprissteueri,Limnocythereinopinata,Leptocytheremultipunctata,Callistocytheremediterranea,C al- listocytherediffusa,Costaedwardsii,Aurilaconvexa,Cyprideistorosa,Pontocytherebaceseoi,Eucytherurabulgarica,Microcytheru- ranigrescens,Loxoconchapontica,Loxoconcharhomboidea,Xestoleberiscornelii,Sclerochilusgewmülleri,Paradoxostomainter- medium,Paradoxostomaguttatum)ve3alttür( Cythereisrubrapontica,Xestoleberisaurantiaaurantia,Xestoleberisaurantiaacu- tipenis)saptanm›flt›r.Butürlerden12tanesi( Potamocyprissteueri,Leptocytheremultipunctata,Callistocytheremediterranea,Cal- listocytherediffusa,Pontocytherebaceseoi,Eucytherurabulgarica,Microcytheruranigrescens,Loxoconchapontica,Xestoleberiscor- nelii,Sclerochilusgewmülleri,Paradoxostomaintermedium,Paradoxostomaguttatum )ileüçalttür( Cythereisrubrapontica, Xestoleberisaurantiaaurantia,Xestoleberisaurantiaacutipenis )Türkiyeostrakodfaunas›içinyenikay›tt›r. AnahtarSözcükler: Ostracoda,Crustacea,Karadeniz,Fauna Introduction sincetheMioceneepoch(15mya),thefaunaandthe Havingapairofcalcifiedvalves,ostracodscanbe floraoftheBlackSeahavechangedovertime.These foundasfossilsinsediments.Thismakesthemauseful changesmayhaveaffectedthepresentostracodfaunain toolinpalaentologicalstudies.Therearedifferent thearea,whichmaybeconsideredoneofthemost ostracodspeciesthatliveindifferentaquatic importantpartsofthebiologicalrichnessofAnatolia. environments(e.g.,marinebrackishandfreshwaters). Ostracods,beingpartoftheBlackSeafauna,haveawide Consequently,theypossessanotherimportantpattern distributioninthearea,makingthemusefulindicator fordeterminingthecharacteristicsofsuchaquatic speciesofsuchgeologicalchanges. habitatsovergeologicaltime.Duetogeologicalchanges, 375 RecentOstracoda(Crustacea)FaunaoftheBlackSeaCoastsofTurkey ThefirststudiesontheostracodsfaunaofAnatolia Table1. Showsthenumbersofthestations,thedateandthe wereconductedbySchäfer(1),Hartmann(2),andGülen location. (3-6).Sincethen,suchtaxonomicstudieshavemostly Station Date Nameofstations(Location) beenconcentratedindifferentfreshwaterhabitatsof No. Turkey(7-16).Relativelyfewstudieshavebeen 1 03.06.1995 I¤neada-K›rklareli performedtodeterminethemarineOstracodafaunaof 2 10.06.1995 KilyosSeaport–‹stanbul Turkey.Forexample,suchstudiesweredoneindifferent 3 12.06.1995 InfrontofRumelilighthouse-‹stanbul 4 17.06.1995 Insideofbreakwater,fiile-‹stanbul partsoftheMarmaraSeaandAegeanSea(17,20),in 5 02.07.1995 Kerpepublicbeach,Kand›ra-Kocaeli Bosphorus-‹stanbul(18),aroundtheBlackSeaentrance- 6 03.07.1995 Küçükbo¤azestuary,Adapazar› ‹stanbul(19),inIzmitharbour(21),andatSinop(25). 7 03.07.1995 AkçakocaSeaport,Akçakoca-Bolu 8 04.07.1995 Gülüsestuary,Ere¤li-Zonguldak Otherstudiesperformedinthenorthernandsouthwest 9 10.07.1995 Amasrapublicbeach,Amasra-Bart›n partsofBlackSeaostracodswerebySchornikov(22,23) 10 14.07.1995 Do¤anyurtseashore,Kastamonu andCaraion(24),respectively.Thepurposeofthe 11 15.07.1995 Yakaörenseashore,Kastamonu presentstudywastodeterminetheostracodfaunaof 12 15.07.1995 InfrontofSinopcastle,Sinop 13 18.07.1995 Sarm›sakl›stream-1estuary,Sinop TurkeyalongtheBlackSeacoast. 14 25.07.1995 Samsunharbour,Samsun 15 28.07.1995 InfrontofT.C.D.D.directoratebuilding, Samsun MaterialsandMethods 16 03.08.1995 Ç›narsustreamestuary,Ordu 17 04.08.1995 Ünyeestuary,Ordu Sampleswerecollectedfrom34stationsalongthe 18 04.08.1995 BolamanseashoreOrdu BlackSeacoastonJune,JulyandAugustin1995(Figure 19 04.08.1995 Perflembeseashore,Ordu 1). 20 07.08.1995 Piraziz-entrance,Giresun 21 07.08.1995 Giresunharbour,Giresun Ostracodsaremicroscopicinvertebrateanimalsthat 22 07.08.1995 NearGiresunhighway-exitbetween TrabzonandGiresun mostlyprefercalmwaters.Becauseoftheirpreferences, 23 08.08.1995 Çavuflluvillage,Giresun calmwaterhabitatswereselectedassamplingstations. 24 10.08.1995 Beflikdüzüseashore,Trabzon Manyharbours,mouthsofstreamsandinsideseaports 25 18.08.1995 Akçaabat-exit,Trabzon werechosenforthestudystations(Table1).Thirty-four 26 15.08.1995 InsideArsinbreakwater,Trabzon 27 16.08.1995 InsideArakl›breakwater,Trabzon localitiesandalistofthespeciesareshowninTable2. 28 18.08.1995 Rizebreakwater,Rize MaterialwascollectedwithaplanktonnetofMüller 29 18.08.1995 InfrontofRizeTeachers’Hostel,Rize 30 20.08.1995 Çayeliexit,Bal›kç›derefishingharbour,Rize fabricandfixedin4%formaldehyde insitu .Inthe 31 25.08.1995 F›nd›kl›entrance,nearlythehighway,Rize laboratory,thesampleswerewashedunderpressurised 32 30.08.1995 Arhavientrance,insidebreakwater,Artvin tapwater.Theselectedostracodsspecimenswerethen 33 30.08.1995 Hopaseaport,Artvin 34 30.08.1995 Kemalpaflaentrance,fishingharbour,Artvin conservedin70%alcohol.Insomesamplingstations Figure1. SamplingstationsalongtheBlack BLACK SEA N SeacoastofTurkey. 1 10 11 Sinop12 9 33 3 13 15 20 34 K›rklareli 2 5 7 8 14 17 22 31 4 Bart›n 16 19 21 25 28 ‹stanbul 6 18 24 27 29 Zonguldak 32 Kocaeli Samsun Rize Artvin Bolu Ordu Trabzon 30 Sakarya Giresun 23 26 TURKEY 50 0 50 100150200km — — — — — — 1:4.500.000 376 M.KILIÇ Table2. Speciesandtheirlocalities Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 I.inermis xx C.sp. x C.inaequivalvis x H.salina xx x H.incongruens x C.vidua x P.villosa xx P.steueri * x L.inopinata x L.multipunctata *x x C.mediterranea * xx x C.diffusa *x C.edwardsii x C.rubrapontica * x A.convexa xxx C.torosa xxx x P.baceseoi *xxxxxxx E.bulgarica *xx x M.nigrescens *x L.pontica *xxx x xxxxxxxx L.rhomboidea xx x x x xxxxxxx X.cornelii *x X.aurantiaaurantia *x xx X.aurantiaacutipenis*x x S.gewmülleri *x x x P.intermedium *xx xxx P.guttatum *x x xxxxxxx *NewrecordforOstracodafaunaofTurkey. onlyostracodcarapaceswereencountered.Insuchcases, BlackSea.Previouslythisspecieshasbeenreportedfrom thecarapaceswereputintodrymicropalaeontological twootherplacesinTurkey(‹zmirandLake‹znik)(7,11) slidesandkeptforfurtherexamination.Taxonomic Thisispossiblythethirdreportingofthisspecies.The preparationofextremitieswascarriedoutinlactophenol speciesisalsoknownfromSwedenandCentralAsia(29, underabinocularmicroscopewithspecialneedles. 30). Speciesdeterminationwasdoneafterexaminingthe Candonasp. extremitiesandshellmorphologyunderalight microscope.Illustrationsofshellsandothersoftbody Material: Station10,6individualsand6valves. partsincludingthereproductiveorgansweredrawnwith Onlyonespeciesofthegenus Candona was acameralucida. encounteredatDo¤anyurt.ItispossiblyC.schweyeri but withalackofsupportingevidence.Forexample,nomales werefound,thusitiscalled Candonasp. fornow. Results CyprinotusinaequivalvisBronstein,1928 Duringthespeciesidentification,differenttaxonomic keyswereused,amongwhichHartmanandPuri(26)and Material: Station17,4individuals. Kempf(27,28)wereconsideredimportantsources. PreviousdistributionofthespeciesinTurkeyincludes Ilyocyprisinermis Kaufmann,1900 Gaziantep(2);Kütahya(4);Eskiflehir,Bilecik,Bursa, Antalya,Bolu,Zonguldak(5);‹zmir(7);Bal›kesir(8); Material: Station10,3individualsand5valves; ‹znikandSapancalakes(11);Sinop(25);Kütahya, Station13,1individualand3valves. Eskiflehir,Ayd›n,Antalya,Antakya,Çank›r›,Amasya, I.inermis wasencounteredatstations10and13, Sivas,Nevflehir,Denizli,Aksaray(12). wheretwocreeks(Do¤anyurtandSarm›sakl›)meetthe 377 RecentOstracoda(Crustacea)FaunaoftheBlackSeaCoastsofTurkey ThespeciesisalsoknownfromnorthernCaucasia Trabzon,Kars,Van,‹stanbul,Bal›kesir(6);LakeSapanca (30);Greece(31);England,theNetherlands,Romania, andLake‹znik(11);LakeTerkos(14);Lake Bulgaria(32);Iran,Pakistan(2).Notethat C. Büyükçekmece-‹stanbul(13);‹stanbul(15). inaequivalvisisconsideredtobeasynonymof H.salina Ingeneral,thespeciesisalsoknownfromnorthern