HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems Learner Guide Student Name: Integrated Training Solutions (Aust) Pty Ltd T/A Intercare Training 205 Thomas Street Dandenong Vic 3175 Phone: 1300 10 2273 www.integratedtrainingsolutions.com.au [email protected] Table of Contents How to study this unit ..............................................................................................................................5 Element 1: Work with information about the human body ......................................................................7 Correctly using and interpreting health terminology that describes the normal structure, function and location of the major body systems.........................................................................................................7 Anatomy and Physiology.........................................................................................................................7 Anatomical Structures .............................................................................................................................8 Body planes and sections .......................................................................................................................9 Directional terms of the body ................................................................................................................10 Inner ......................................................................................................................................................11 Major body organ ..................................................................................................................................11 Quadrants and regions..........................................................................................................................12 Body cavities .........................................................................................................................................13 Structural organisation of the human body ...........................................................................................14 Maintaining life ......................................................................................................................................15 Homoeostasis .......................................................................................................................................16 Cells and tissue.....................................................................................................................................17 Cell types...............................................................................................................................................18 Cell (plasma) membrane.......................................................................................................................19 Functions of the cell ..............................................................................................................................20 Tissue....................................................................................................................................................21 Muscle tissue and nervous tissues .......................................................................................................23 Changes to cells and tissues ................................................................................................................23 Cellular adaptations ..............................................................................................................................24 Tissue and organ responses.................................................................................................................25 Health terminology ................................................................................................................................26 Component parts...................................................................................................................................32 Identifying medical language.................................................................................................................38 Spelling and pronouncing medical terminology correctly......................................................................39 Spelling used in health terminology ......................................................................................................39 Advanced Spelling and Pronunciation Helper.......................................................................................39 Pronunciation of medical terms.............................................................................................................47 Pronouncing medical terms over the phone .........................................................................................48 Abbreviations, acronyms and symbols .................................................................................................49 One........................................................................................................................................................54 Correctly using and interpreting health terminology that describes the normal structure, function and location of the major body systems.......................................................................................................54 Correctly using and interpreting information that relates to the interrelationships between major components of each body system and other structures .......................................................................59 Interrelationships between body systems.............................................................................................59 Element 2: Recognise and promote ways to support healthy functioning of the body .........................61 Reviewing factors that contribute to maintenance of a healthy body ...................................................61 Lifestyle issues which impact on health ................................................................................................63 Psychosocial stress also plays a role ...................................................................................................68 Hygiene .................................................................................................................................................69 Disease and illness ...............................................................................................................................71 Common disorders, problems and complaints......................................................................................74 Disease prevention ...............................................................................................................................84 Health promotion...................................................................................................................................85 Evaluating how the relationships between different body systems affect and support healthy functioning.............................................................................................................................................89 Major body systems ..............................................................................................................................89 The Nervous System.............................................................................................................................91 Central nervous system Functions........................................................................................................92 Components of the Central Nervous System........................................................................................92 Brainstem ..............................................................................................................................................95 Peripheral nervous system....................................................................................................................96 Efferent system (motor).........................................................................................................................97 The somatic nervous system ................................................................................................................97 The Autonomic Nervous System ..........................................................................................................98 Nervous tissue ......................................................................................................................................99 Neurons or nerve cells ..........................................................................................................................99 HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems Version 1 January 2016 ITS (Aust) Pty Ltd Page 2 of 175 Classification of neurons .....................................................................................................................100 Synapses.............................................................................................................................................101 Neurotransmitters................................................................................................................................102 Somatic nervous system .....................................................................................................................102 Autonomic nervous system .................................................................................................................102