Transport for NSW Beaches Link and Gore Hill Freeway Connection Appendix J Non-Aboriginal heritage transport.nsw.gov.au DECEMBER 2020 Transport for NSW Beaches Link and Gore Hill Freeway Connection Technical working paper: Non-Aboriginal heritage December 2020 Prepared for Transport for NSW Prepared by Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Ltd. © Transport for NSW The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Transport for NSW. You must not reproduce any part of this document without the prior written approval of Transport for NSW. Technical working paper: Non-Aboriginal heritage Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The project................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Project location ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.4 Key features of the project .................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.5 Key construction activities ................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 Purpose of this report ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.7 Secretary’s environmental assessment requirements.............................................................................................. 9 2. Assessment methodology ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 Relevant legislation ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 2.2 Relevant guidelines and policies ................................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Overall approach .................................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.4 Study area ............................................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.5 Desktop assessment ........................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.5.1 Heritage register searches ................................................................................................................................................ 12 2.5.2 Literature review ................................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.6 Field survey/site inspection ............................................................................................................................................. 13 2.6.1 Known heritage items ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 2.6.2 Areas of archaeological potential or other previously unidentified heritage item .................................... 14 2.7 Significance assessments ................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.8 Archaeological assessment.............................................................................................................................................. 14 2.9 Impact assessment .............................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.9.1 Definition of impacts .......................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.9.2 Levels of impact ................................................................................................................................................................... 15 2.9.3 Statements of heritage impacts ..................................................................................................................................... 15 2.9.4 Archaeological research design and methodology ................................................................................................ 16 2.9.5 Cumulative impacts ............................................................................................................................................................ 16 2.10 Limitations .............................................................................................................................................................................. 16 2.11 Authors..................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 3. Existing environment ......................................................................................................................................... 18 3.1 Historical context ................................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.1.1 North Sydney local government area .......................................................................................................................... 18 3.1.2 Willoughby local government area ............................................................................................................................... 21 3.1.3 Northern Beaches local government area ................................................................................................................. 28 3.1.4 Historical theme ................................................................................................................................................................... 35 3.2 Physical context.................................................................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.1 Non-Aboriginal heritage register search .................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.2 Previous heritage assessments ....................................................................................................................................... 48 Beaches Link and Gore Hill Freeway Connection Technical working paper: Non-Aboriginal heritage i Technical working paper: Non-Aboriginal heritage 3.2.3 Other historic information ................................................................................................................................................ 50 3.3 Field survey results .............................................................................................................................................................. 50 3.4 Summary of historical and physical context ............................................................................................................. 52 4. Significance assessment ................................................................................................................................... 55 5. Assessment of potential impacts .................................................................................................................... 58 5.1 Impact avoidance and minimisation ............................................................................................................................ 58 5.2 Potential impacts and key management measures ............................................................................................... 58 5.2.1 Direct impact – At-property treatment ....................................................................................................................... 59 5.2.2 Potential direct impacts .................................................................................................................................................... 59 5.2.3 Indirect impact – Vibration ............................................................................................................................................... 59 5.2.4 Indirect impact – Settlement ........................................................................................................................................... 60 5.2.5 Indirect impact – Visual (noise barriers) ..................................................................................................................... 61 5.2.6 Indirect impact