Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86787-0 - Political Disaffection in Cuba’s Revolution and Exodus Silvia Pedraza Index More information Index 5th of August riots, 180, 183, 191, 222, Aguirre, Oscar, 305 279 Alarcon-Ram´ ırez,´ Daniel (“Benigno”), 13 de Marzo tugboat drowning, 256, 119 261, 279 Alejandre, Armando, Jr., 285 26th of July Movement, 10, 18, 37, 45, Alfonso, Pablo, 65, 87, 107, 108, 110, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 63, 120, 133, 280, 293 67, 75, 87, 109, 130, 131 Allende, Salvador, 126 30 de Noviembre Movement, 50, 102, Almaguer, Xiomara, 244 131 Alpha 66, 6, 106, 291, 294 55 Hermanos (55 Brothers and Sisters), Alvarez-Bravo, Armando, 172 139 Alvarez-Guedes, Guillermo, 271 Amaro, Nelson, 3, 5, 16, 21, 36, 58, 78, Abdala, 106, 140 89, 110, 111, 122 Abreu, Juan, 167 America´ Libre prison, 135 Accion´ Catolica´ (Catholic Action), 57, American Community Survey, 181 65, 140 Americas Watch, 128, 133, 280 Ackerman, Holly, 183, 198 Aminzade, Ron, 15, 37, 48 Africa, 120, 140, 213, 242, 278, Amnesty International, 136, 278, 280, 296 281 Africa, influence on culture, 163, 195. Amuchastegui, Domingo, 296, 297 See also Santerıa´ Anderson, Bonnie, 67, 78 Agence France-Presse, 290, 298 Anderson, Howard, 78 Agramonte, Roberto, 41 Anel,˜ Armando, 269 agrarian reform, 3, 47, 57, 58, 60, 64, Angola, 120, 213, 217 70, 79, 90, 108, 118 Anido Gomez-Lubi´ an,´ Marta, 30, Agrupacion´ Catolica´ Universitaria 255 (University Catholic Group), 25, anti-Vietnam War movement, 139, 47, 57, 58, 64, 94, 96, 98 141, 144 Aguilar-Leon,´ Luis E., 2 Antonio Maceo Brigade, 31, 139–45, Aguirre, Benigno E., 6, 73, 123, 155, 294 157, 182, 198, 229 Arango, Aureliano, 94 341 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86787-0 - Political Disaffection in Cuba’s Revolution and Exodus Silvia Pedraza Index More information Index Arcos-Bergnes, Gustavo, 46, 118 Bauer, Raymond, 17, 175 Are´ıto, 139, 141 Bay of Pigs invasion, 3, 21, 23, 25, 52, Arenas, Reinaldo, 151, 166, 167, 168, 68, 78, 79, 81, 84, 92–107, 109, 172 110, 115, 129, 146, 185, 200, 284, Arendt, Hannah, 79 286, 291, 294, 296, 310 Ariza prison, 137 Bay of Pigs Veterans Association, 119, Armony, Ariel, 239 146 Arteaga, Manuel, 108 Beauvoir, Simone de, 172 Artıme,´ Manuel, 94, 100 Bendixen, Sergio, 290, 300, 301, artisan markets, 206 305 artists, 8, 21, 61, 151, 153, 154, 166, Benes, Bernardo, 145 167, 168, 169, 171, 174, 175, 182, Berezin, Mabel, 24, 80 224, 272, 292, 293 Berlin Wall, 211, 230, 277 Aruca, Francisco, 294 Betancourt, Ernesto, 182 Asıs,´ Moises,´ 241, 249, 273 Betancourt, Teresa and Bobby, 271 assimilation, immigrant, 2, 259, 275, Betto, Frei, 242 304 Beyra, Wilfredo, 256 Autenticos,´ 22, 41, 44, 93, 94, 304 Biaın,´ Ignacio, 57 authoritarianism, 160, 210, 229, 298. Bikel, Ofra, 289 See also dictatorship; biotechnology, 179, 228 totalitarianism Bissell, Richard M., Jr., 99 Azicri, Max, 294 Bisset, Oscar Elıas,´ 234 black market, 153, 154, 160, 161, 174, Bach, Robert L., 2, 6, 7, 123, 153, 154, 175, 223 308 Blanco, Alfredo, 36, 38, 67 Bailey, Lee E., 143 Blanco, Liana, 289 Baker, James, 81 Blanco, Ricardo, 195, 197 Ballagas, Emilio, 92 Blue, Sarah A., 199, 207 Ballagas, Manuel F., 167 Blumer, Herbert, 21 Balmaseda, Liz, 184, 185 Bober, Jose,´ 59, 79 balsero crisis, 8–9, 180, 181, 191, 199, Bodnar, John, 205 200, 212, 250, 256, 259, 266, 267, Bofill, Ricardo, 118, 279 273, 279, 282, 312 Bohemia,44 Banco Nacional (National Bank), 118 Boitel, Pedro Luis, 130, 131 bandidos (bandits), 125 Bolıvar,´ Natalia, 117 Baquero, Gaston,´ 157 Bolivia, 119 Barberıa,´ Lorena, 207 Bonachea, Rolando, 49 Barnet, Miguel, 163 Bonacich, Edna, 248 Barquet, Jesus,´ 167 Boniato prison, 135 Barquın,´ Ramon,´ 44 Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo, 182, 198 Basch, Linda, 302 Bonne-Carcases,´ Felix,´ 280 Basulto, Jose,´ 98, 102, 107, 200, 285 Borbonet, Enrique, 44 Batista, Fulgencio, 36, 37, 40–44, 45, Bosch, Orlando, 126 46–54, 59, 70, 73, 90, 93, 98, 127, Boza-Masvidal, Eduardo, 87, 88, 107, 129, 231, 240, 278, 311 108, 261, 262 342 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86787-0 - Political Disaffection in Cuba’s Revolution and Exodus Silvia Pedraza Index More information Index Brazil, 73, 157, 276 speeches, 49, 50, 55, 58, 59, 69, 74, Bremer, Fredrika, 66, 73 78, 96, 116, 152, 166, 220, 277, Brigadas de Respuesta Rapida´ (Rapid 279 Response Brigades), 222, 252, Castro, Max J., 200, 304 258 Castro, Raul,´ 51, 77, 89, 116, 130, 153, Brinton, Crane, 36, 51, 88 207, 212, 226, 296, 297, 298 Brito, Joel, 225 Catholic Charities, 182, 195, 244 Brotons, Elizabeth, 286 Catholic Church, 19, 24, 56–58, 65, 69, Brunet, Rolando C., 58 70, 123, 136, 249, 255, 258, 278, Buajasan,´ Jose,´ 82 296, 298, 310 Bulgaria, 276 clerical population, 241 Burns, Ken, 31 conflict with government, 89, 108 Bush, George H., 178 expulsion of priests and nuns, 101, Bush, George W., 290, 300, 302 107, 240, 261 and Santerıa,´ 213 Cabrera, Lydia, 169 silenced, 3, 107–9, 240 Cabrera-Infante, Guillermo, 271 census Calvino, Italo, 172 Cuban, 73, 155 Camarioca exodus, 4, 120, 121, 198, U.S., 4, 6, 73, 111, 121, 153, 155, 267 158, 181, 182, 266, 304 Cambodian refugees, 310 Central American immigrants,201, 302 Campamento, Julio Antonio Mella, 142 Central de Trabajadores Cubanos Campins, Zaimar, 258 (Cuban Workers’ Confederation), Campos, Miguel Angel, 60 39, 117, 127, 221, 225, 226, 228 Canada, 266, 274, 280 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 71, Canadian Jewish Congress, 244 78, 81, 84, 93, 94, 95, 98, 99, 100, Cancio, Wilfredo, 215, 312 102, 103, 109, 113, 117, 119, 125, Cardona, Joe, 82, 271 126, 131, 157 Caritas (International Catholic Centro de Estudios sobre Alternativas Charities), 244 Polıticas´ (Center for the Study of Carrasco, Teok, 260 Political Alternatives), 180 Carrillo, Justo, 94, 129, 130 Centro de Estudios Sobre America´ Carter, Jimmy, 145, 152, 178, 279, (Center for American Studies), 303 207 Casa de las Americas,´ 77, 172 Centro Habana, 70, 180, 183, 221, 245, Casal, Lourdes, 76, 111, 126, 138, 139, 279 140, 180 Cesaire,´ Aime,´ 232 Castaneda,˜ Carlos, 59 Chanes de Armas, Mario, 137 Castillo del Prıncipe´ prison, 97, 104, Chavez, Cesar, 32, 233 105, 161 Chevalier, Maurice, 70 Castro, Fidel, 10, 12, 37, 46, 50, 51, 55, Chibas,´ Eduardo, 41, 51, 90, 93 56, 68, 90, 91, 97, 102, 110, 116, Chibas,´ Raul,´ 51 118, 126, 129, 130, 131, 137, 144, Chicago, 85, 140, 159 146, 198, 207, 213, 226, 243, 245, Chicago Tribune,59 246, 265, 287, 289, 294, 298 Chile, 76, 266 343 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86787-0 - Political Disaffection in Cuba’s Revolution and Exodus Silvia Pedraza Index More information Index China, 297, 298 Combinado del Este prison, 136, 138 Chinese, Cuban, 21, 59, 73, 156 Comision´ Cubana de Derechos Chovel, Elly, 67, 81 Humanos y Reconciliacion´ Chun, Sung-Chang, 299 Nacional (National Committee Church of la Ermita de la Caridad, 260, for Human Rights and National 261 Reconciliation), 234 Church of Lucumı´ BabaluAy´ e,´ 163 Comite´ Cubano Pro Derechos Church of San Antonio de los Banos,˜ Humanos (Cuban Committee for 268 Human Rights), 118, 279, 293 Church of San Antonio de Miramar, Comite´ de Ayuda al Preso Polıtico´ 172 (Committee to Help Political Church of San Rafael, 137 Prisoners), 117 Church of Santa Teresita, 244 Comite´ de Mujeres Oposicionistas Church of the Immaculate Conception, Unidas (Committee of Women 138 United in Opposition), 117 Church of the Sacred Heart, 245 Comites´ para la Defensa de la Church World Service, 181, 195 Revolucion´ (Committees for the Cienaga´ de Zapata, 72, 96, 99 Defense of the Revolution), 12, Cienfuegos, Camilo, 55, 63 13, 17, 89, 96, 123, 164, 213, 216, Cienfuegos, Osmany, 97 219, 221, 224 Cifuentes, Rene,´ 166, 168 Committee for Cuban Democracy, 18, civil liberties, 31, 49, 58, 64, 183, 218, 97 235, 253, 303 communism, 7, 8, 10, 14, 16, 19, 22, civil rights movement, 18, 20, 139, 141 24, 48, 51, 59, 62, 75, 79, 82, 89, civil society, 3, 18, 51, 68–69, 80, 107, 108, 109, 116, 118, 119, 145, 179, 113, 116, 171, 235, 239, 253, 264, 180, 193, 205, 210, 211, 243, 249, 265, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 274, 272, 286, 298, 303, 311 275, 276, 282, 298 communists, old, 115, 231 civil war, 308 Concilio Cubano (Cuban Council), 280 Civil War, American, 31 Conde, Yvonne M., 81 Civil War, Spanish, 117, 270 Confederacion´ Nacional de Clark, Juan M., 6, 80, 122, 123, 158, Trabajadores Azucareros de Cuba 183, 198 (National Federation of Sugar Clavijo, Uva, 110 Workers), 39 Clinton, William J., 179, 183, 187, 285, Confederacion´ Obrera Nacional 286, 289, 290 Independiente de Cuba (Cuban Cobas, Jose,´ 308 Confederation of Independent Cohen, J. M., 172 Labor Organizations), 227 Cold War, 97, 113, 123, 185, 203, 278, Conferencia de Obispos Catolicos´ de 308 Cuba (Confederation of Cuban Colegio de Belen,´ 84 Catholic Bishops), 246 Colegio de las Esclavas del Sagrado Congo, 119, 163 Corazon,´ 30 Congreso de Educacion´ y Cultura Colegio del Sagrado Corazon,´ 74 (National Conference on Collazo, Jose´ Enrique, 240, 244 Education and Culture), 166 344 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86787-0 - Political Disaffection in Cuba’s Revolution and Exodus Silvia Pedraza Index More information Index Conjunto de Instituciones Cıvicas´ Cuban American National Foundation, Cubanas (Association of Cuban 18, 127, 179, 220, 230, 275, 286, Civic Institutions), 71 291, 304, 305 Connor, Olga, 139 Cuban Coast Guard, 8, 183, 188 Conrado Benıtez´ Brigade, 164