Android Application Runtime Memory Performance Analysis Framework By: Abebaw Degu A Thesis Submitted to Department of Computing School of Electrical Engineering and Computing Presented in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Science in Computer Science and Engineering Office of Graduate Studies Adama Science and Technology University June, 2018 Adama, Ethiopia Android Application Runtime Memory Performance Analysis Framework By: Abebaw Degu Name of Advisor: Mesfin Abebe (PhD.) A Thesis Submitted to Department of Computing School of Electrical Engineering and Computing Presented in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Science in Computer Science and Engineering Office of Graduate Studies Adama Science and Technology University June, 2018 Adama, Ethiopia DECLARATION I hereby declare that this MSc. thesis is my original work and has not been presented as a partial degree requirement for a degree in any other university, and that all sources of materials used for the thesis have been dully acknowledged. Name: Abebaw Degu Signature:_____________________________________________________________________ This thesis has been submitted for examinaiton with my approval as thesis advisor. Name: Mesfin Abebe (PhD.) Signature:_____________________________________________________________________ Date of Submition:_____________________ i Approval of Board of Examiners We, the undersigned, members of the Board of Examiners of the final open defense by ________________________________________have read and evaluated his/her thesis entitled “_______________________________________________________________________” and examined the candidate. This is, therefore, to certify that the thesis has been accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the Degree of …………………………………… _____________________________ _____________________ ___________________ Supervisor/Advisor Signature Date _____________________________ _____________________ ___________________ Chairperson Signature Date _____________________________ _____________________ ___________________ Internal Examiner Signature Date _____________________________ _____________________ ___________________ External Examiner Signature Date ii Acknowledgment Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor Dr. Mesfin Abebe for the continuous support of my MSc Study, for his patience, motivation, and immense knowledge. His guidance helped me in all the time of the study, research and writing of this thesis. Besides my advisor, I would like to thank my classmates and lab mates for the stimulating discussions, for the sleepless nights we were working together before deadlines, and for all the fun we have had for the last two years. I thank God for protecting me in life and guides me in the path of wisdom. His patience and protection enable me to be where I am now. The last but not the least, I would like to thank my wife, for her unwavering support and continuous encouragement throughout my years of study and through the process of researching and writing this thesis. This accomplishment would not have been possible without her. iii Table of Contents Acknowledgment ....................................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures .......................................................................................................................... viii List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. x List of Acronyms ....................................................................................................................... xi Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Objective of the Study ...................................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 General Objective ..................................................................................................... 4 1.4.2 Specific Objective ..................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Scope and Limitation ....................................................................................................... 4 1.6 Research Methodology ..................................................................................................... 5 1.6.1 Literature Review...................................................................................................... 5 1.6.2 Benchmarking ........................................................................................................... 5 1.6.3 Tools ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.6.4 Code Optimization .................................................................................................... 6 1.7 Organization of the Thesis ............................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................ 7 LITERATURE REVIEW AND RELATED WORK ..................................................................... 7 2.1 Overview of Android ....................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Android Architecture ................................................................................................ 7 2.1.2 Android Applications ................................................................................................ 9 2.2 Android Memory Management ...................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 Garbage Collection ................................................................................................. 11 2.2.2 Allocation and Reclamation of Application Memory ............................................. 12 2.2.3 Memory Resource Leakage .................................................................................... 13 2.2.4 Object Reference ..................................................................................................... 13 iv 2.2.5 Memory Leak Pattern ............................................................................................. 14 2.3 Performance Analysis and Optimization of Android Applications ............................... 14 2.3.1 Memory Utilization ................................................................................................. 15 2.3.2 Energy Consumption .............................................................................................. 16 2.3.3 Network Traffic and Performance .......................................................................... 17 2.3.4 GUI Rendering ........................................................................................................ 17 2.4 Related Works ................................................................................................................ 18 CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 22 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY .......................................................................................... 22 3.1 Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Search Datasets .............................................................................................................. 23 3.3 Search Strategy ............................................................................................................... 23 3.4 Study Selection Criteria ................................................................................................. 25 3.5 Study Selection Process ................................................................................................. 25 3.6 Classification Scheme (abstract keywording) ................................................................ 26 3.7 Resource Leak Pattern Identification ............................................................................. 26 3.8 Bench Marking ............................................................................................................... 26 3.9 Develop Custom Gradle Plugin...................................................................................... 27 3.9.1 Application Testing ................................................................................................