PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION MARCH 2015 WATCHING IRAN MOZAMBIQUE: WHEN DIPLOMACY PAID OFF FOREIGN March 2015 SERVICE Volume 92, No. 2 FOCUS ON IRAN AFSA NEWS New AFSA Award to Recognize The Iran Watcher Program: Advancement of Democracy / 49 A Different Kind of Teleworking / 22 State VP Voice: The Foreign Service Just over a decade old, the Iran Watcher program is an organizational Labor Market / 50 model for remote diplomacy and a benchmark for success. USAID VP Voice: USAID Launches Pilot Global Entry Program / 51 BY JILLIAN BURNS Retiree VP Voice: Go Ahead—Create a Member Profile / 52 The Road Back to Tehran: AFSA Supports the U.S. Diplomacy Bugs, Ghosts and Ghostbusters / 27 Center / 53 Roundtable Addresses Practitioner- A veteran FSO and authority on Iran explains what it will take for Scholar Divide / 53 Washington to “get it right” when U.S. diplomats finally return to Tehran. AFSA on the Hill: BY JOHN W. LIMBERT Greeting the New Congress / 54 Update: AFSA Promotes Improved Security at State / 55 The 1979 Hostage Crisis: 2014-2015 Financial Aid Scholarship Down and Out in Tehran / 33 Recipients / 56 Foreign Service Political Officer Michael Metrinko spent most of his Oregon: A Tax Guide Correction / 61 14 months as a hostage in solitary confinement. Here is his story. Governing Board Hails and Farewells / 62 BY MICHAEL METRINKO Book Notes: Diplomacy in Action / 63 Roundtable Discussion on Diversity / 64 FEATURE Mozambique: When Diplomacy Paid Off / 39 COLUMNS President’s Views / 7 In the face of numerous challenges, diplomacy played a vital role A Doyenne of the Old School in post-independence Mozambique and the Southern Africa region. BY ROBERT J. SILVERMAN BY WILLARD DEPREE Letter from the Editor / 8 When There Is No Relationship BY SHAWN DORMAN FS HERITAGE Speaking Out / 19 A Glass Half Full Our Man in Fiume: Fiorello LaGuardia’s BY DAVID T. JONES Short Diplomatic Career / 44 Reflections / 85 Rangoon: A Walk in the Rain Before serving in Congress and as a three-time mayor of New York, the colorful BY ARTHUR DYMOND Fiorello LaGuardia spent nearly five years in the U.S. Foreign Service. BY LUCIANO MANGIAFICO DEPARTMENTS Letters / 9 Talking Points / 14 In Memory / 65 Books / 74 Local Lens / 86 MARKETPLACE Classifieds / 77 Real Estate / 80 Index to Advertisers / 84 On the cover: A view of north Tehran, with the Alborz mountains in the background. Tehran has been a population center for 7,000 years and Iran’s capital since 1796. It has a popula- tion of 8.3 million. Photo courtesy of retired FSO Mark Lijek. THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL | MARCH 2015 5 FOREIGN SERVICE Editor Shawn Dorman: [email protected] Managing Editor www.afsa.org Susan Brady Maitra: [email protected] Associate Editor Debra Blome: [email protected] CONTACTS Editorial/Publications Specialist AFSA Headquarters: LABOR MANAGEMENT Brittany DeLong: [email protected] (202) 338-4045; Fax (202) 338-6820 General Counsel Ad & Circulation Manager State Department AFSA Office: Sharon Papp: [email protected] Ed Miltenberger: [email protected] (202) 647-8160; Fax (202) 647-0265 Deputy General Counsel Art Director USAID AFSA Office: Zlatana Badrich: [email protected] Caryn Suko Smith (202) 712-1941; Fax (202) 216-3710 Labor Management Specialist FCS AFSA Office: James Yorke: [email protected] Editorial Intern (202) 482-9088; Fax (202) 482-9087 Senior Staff Attorney Shannon Mizzi Neera Parikh: [email protected] Advertising Interns GOVERNING BOARD Staff Attorney Allan Saunders, William Read President Raeka Safai: [email protected] Contributing Editor Robert J. Silverman: [email protected] Staff Attorney Steven Alan Honley Secretary Angela Dickey: [email protected] Andrew Large: [email protected] Treasurer Hon. Charles A. Ford: [email protected] Editorial Board Labor Management Counselor State Vice President Jim DeHart, Chairman Colleen Fallon-Lenaghan: Matthew K. Asada: [email protected] Hon. Gordon S. Brown [email protected] USAID Vice President Stephen W. Buck Labor Management Assistant Sharon Wayne: [email protected] Ruth M. Hall Jason Snyder: [email protected] FCS Vice President Maria C. Livingston Executive Assistant Steve Morrison: [email protected] Richard McKee Lindsey Botts: [email protected] FAS Vice President Beth Payne USAID Senior Labor Management Adviser David Mergen: [email protected] John G. Rendeiro Jr. Douglas Broome: [email protected] Retiree Vice President Duncan Walker USAID Staff Assistant Lawrence Cohen: lawrencecohenassociates@ Tracy Whittington Chioma Dike: [email protected] hotmail.com Chuck Fee (AFSA Governing Board liaison) State Representatives MEMBER SERVICES Ronnie Catipon Member Services Director THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS Todd Crawford Janet Hedrick: [email protected] PROFESSIONALS Chuck Fee Membership Representative The Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), 2101 E Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is pub- Neeru Lal Natalie Cheung: [email protected] lished monthly, with combined January-February and Ken Kero-Mentz Retiree Counselor July-August issues, by the American Foreign Service Ronita Macklin Todd Thurwachter: [email protected] Association (AFSA), a private, nonprofit organization. Material appearing herein represents the opinions of the Elise Mellinger Coordinator, Retiree Counseling writers and does not necessarily represent the views of Homeyra Mokhtarzada and Legislation the Journal, the Editorial Board or AFSA. Writer queries Nancy Rios-Brooks Matthew Sumrak: [email protected] and submissions are invited, preferably by email. The Daniel Spokojny Administrative Assistant and Office Manager Journal is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, photos or illustrations. Advertising inquiries are invited. USAID Representatives Ana Lopez: [email protected] All advertising is subject to the publisher’s approval. Jeri Dible AFSA reserves the right to reject advertising that is not Jeffrey Cochrane COMMUNICATIONS in keeping with its standards and objectives. The appear- FCS Representative Director of Communications ance of advertisements herein does not imply endorse- Kristen Fernekes: [email protected] ment of goods or services offered. Opinions expressed in William Kutson advertisements are the views of the advertisers and do FAS Representative Mark Petry Director of New Media not necessarily represent AFSA views or policy. Journal BBG Representative Andre de Nesnera Ásgeir Sigfússon: [email protected] subscription: AFSA member–$20, included in annual Publications Manager dues; student–$30; institution–$40; others–$50; Single APHIS Representative Mark C. Prescott issue–$4.50. For foreign surface mail, add $18 per year; Retiree Representatives Shawn Dorman: [email protected] foreign airmail, $36 per year. Periodical postage paid Marshall Adair Online Communications Specialist at Washington, D.C., and at additional mailing offices. Hon. David Greenlee Jeff Lau: [email protected] Indexed by the Public Affairs Information Services (PAIS). F. Allen “Tex” Harris Special Awards and Outreach Coordinator Email: [email protected] Hon. Edward Marks Perri Green: [email protected] Communications and Press Specialist Phone: (202) 338-4045 STAFF VACANT Fax: (202) 338-8244 Executive Director Web: www.afsa.org/fsj Ian Houston: [email protected] ADVOCACY Advocacy Director © American Foreign Service Association, 2015 Executive Assistant Patrick Bradley: [email protected] Javier Cuebas: [email protected] PRINTED IN THE U.S.A. Senior Legislative Assistant BUSINESS DEPARTMENT David Murimi: [email protected] Postmaster: Send address changes to Director of Finance Professional Issues and Policy Adviser AFSA Femi Oshobukola: [email protected] Janice Weiner: [email protected] Attn: Address Change Controller 2101 E Street NW Kalpna Srimal: [email protected] SCHOLARSHIPS Washington DC 20037-2990 Assistant Controller Scholarship Director Cory Nishi: [email protected] Lori Dec: [email protected] Scholarship Senior Associate Jonathan Crawford: [email protected] 6 MARCH 2015 | THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL PRESIDENT’S VIEWS A Doyenne of the Old School BY ROBERT J. SILVERMAN Let the public service be a proud and lively officer, she served in Italy, Honduras and ultimate challenge. Once again the visa career. And let every man and woman who Mexico. function came under intense public scru- works in any area of our national govern- From 1973 to 1975, she and a young Pat tiny. All of the 9/11 hijackers had received ment be able to say with pride and with Kennedy were rovers in the Africa Bureau, tourist visas. In congressional hearings, honor in future years: ‘I served the United covering at small posts for those on home Mary defended these issuances as straight- States Government in that hour of our leave or transfer. forward cases. The problem was that the nation’s need.’ She became assistant secretary for CIA and FBI had not shared information —President John F. Kennedy, consular affairs in 1993, after Elizabeth on these individuals. State of the Union Address, Jan. 30, 1961 Tamposi, a political appointee, left in “Every name of every one of those 19 disgrace for opening the passport files of terrorists was run through the classified aby boomers may recall a cer- then presidential candidate Bill Clinton lookout system. And we had no informa- tain leadership style prevalent (seeking nonexistent evidence that he had tion on any of them,” she later recalled. in the State Department when renounced his citizenship). Mary became the public defender for B we came in that doesn’t really Mary served the next nine years as keeping the consular function at State, as exist any longer—a brutally honest, assistant secretary for CA. Among her Congress moved customs and border pro- results-oriented approach that is also achievements was mentoring a series of tection into the new Homeland Security focused on self-sacrifice and the collec- leaders, including her three successors, Department. tive good. who together have elevated CA to the best- Mary knew her truth-telling was career- I hold no nostalgia for the “good old managed bureau in the State Department, ending. She took a beating from both days.” The Foreign Service I entered in 1989 one that truly engages in career develop- Democrats and Republicans in Congress.