English Heritage og Middelalderborgen http://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/the-great-siege-of-dover-castle-1216/ Rasmus Frilund Torpe Studienr. 20103587 Aalborg Universitet Dato: 14. september 2018 Indholdsfortegnelse Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 Indledning ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Problemstilling ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Kulturarvsdiskussion ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Diskussion om kulturarv i England fra 1980’erne og frem ..................................................................... 5 Definition af Kulturarv ............................................................................................................................... 6 Hvordan har kulturarvsbegrebet udviklet sig siden 1980 ....................................................................... 6 Redegørelse for Historic England og English Heritage .............................................................................. 11 Begyndelsen på den engelske nationale samling ..................................................................................... 11 English Heritage før 1. april 2015 ............................................................................................................ 12 English Heritage opdeles i to .................................................................................................................... 13 Organisationernes mål og prioriteter ...................................................................................................... 14 Kriterier til udvælgelse af bevaringsværdige bygninger ....................................................................... 16 Redegørelse for kategorisering og inddeling af borge ................................................................................ 18 Borge under English Heritage varetægt .................................................................................................. 18 Borgtyper.................................................................................................................................................... 21 Motte-and-bailey .................................................................................................................................... 21 Shell-keep ............................................................................................................................................... 22 Tower-keep ............................................................................................................................................. 22 Enclosure ................................................................................................................................................ 23 Quadrangular ........................................................................................................................................ 24 Andre borgtyper .................................................................................................................................... 24 Inddeling og kategorisering af borge under English Heritages varetægt................................................. 25 Normannisk angevinske periode .............................................................................................................. 26 Storhedsperiode ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Tilbagegangsperiode .................................................................................................................................. 31 Analyse ........................................................................................................................................................... 33 Bevaringskriterier og bevaringstilstand, og Dover Castle. .................................................................... 34 Berwick Castle ........................................................................................................................................... 35 Penrith Castle............................................................................................................................................. 37 Beeston Castle ............................................................................................................................................ 38 Framlingham Castle .................................................................................................................................. 40 Hadleigh Castle .......................................................................................................................................... 42 1 Pevensey Castle .......................................................................................................................................... 43 York Castle eller Clifford’s Tower .......................................................................................................... 45 Opsummering af kriterie- og bevaringstilstandsafsnit. ......................................................................... 46 Periode, type og geografisk placering ...................................................................................................... 47 Periodisk opdeling ..................................................................................................................................... 48 Første periode ........................................................................................................................................ 48 Anden periode ........................................................................................................................................ 49 Tredje periode ........................................................................................................................................ 50 Geografisk og typeopdeling ...................................................................................................................... 50 Borge fordelt på geografiske områder ................................................................................................. 51 Hvilken faktor har størst betydning? .................................................................................................. 51 Første periode ........................................................................................................................................ 52 Anden periode ........................................................................................................................................ 53 Tredje periode ........................................................................................................................................ 54 Geografisk fordeling under den første periode ....................................................................................... 56 Syd ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 Nord ........................................................................................................................................................ 58 Øst ........................................................................................................................................................... 58 Vest.......................................................................................................................................................... 59 Central .................................................................................................................................................... 59 Sammenfatning af periodisk og geografisk opdeling ............................................................................. 60 Diskussion ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 Sammenfatning af diskussionen ............................................................................................................... 66 Konklusion ..................................................................................................................................................... 67 Litteraturliste ................................................................................................................................................. 69 2 Abstract This paper is about the English cultural heritage institution, English Heritage and the English medi- eval castle. The medieval castle is a well-known symbol of cultural heritage and castles are known to attract tourists from around the world. It is the purpose of this paper to examine how it is deter- mined if a Castle should be actively exploited. A castle is determined to be actively exploited if it has several relevant elements attached to it. This includes paid entry, giftshops, an exhibition, offers for children and/or schools, active staff and preferably additional methods for interpreting and dis- seminating history