Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Horizontal gene transfer is a major driving force in the evolution of many bacterial pathogens. The development of high-throughput sequencing tools and more sophisticated genomic and proteomic techniques in recent years has resulted in a better understanding of this phenomenon. Written by lead- ing experts in the field, this edited volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers and provides an overview of current knowledge relating to the evolution of microbial pathogenicity. This volume provides an overview of the mechanisms and biological consequences of the genome rearrangements resulting from horizontal gene transfer, in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as well as overviews of the key mobile genetic elements involved. Subse- quent chapters focus on paradigms for the evolution of important bacte- rial pathogens, including Salmonella enterica, Streptococcus pneumoniae,and Staphylococcus aureus. The influence of socioeconomic parameters in the dis- semination of transferable elements, such as antibiotic-resistant genes in bacteria, is also discussed. Michael Hensel is currently Professor of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Erlangen in Germany. Herbert Schmidt is currently Professor of Food Microbiology at the Univer- sity of Hohenheim in Germany. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information Over the past decade, the rapid development of an array of techniques in the fields of cellular and molecular biology has transformed whole areas of research across the biological sciences. Microbiology has perhaps been influ- enced most of all. Our understanding of microbial diversity and evolutionary biology and of how pathogenic bacteria and viruses interact with their animal and plant hosts at the molecular level, for example, has been revolutionized. Perhaps the most exciting recent advance in microbiology is the fusion of classical microbiology, microbial molecular biology, and eukaryotic cellular microbiology. Cellular microbiology is revealing how pathogenic bacteria interact with host cells in what is turning out to be a complex evolutionary battle of competing gene products. Molecular and cellular biology are no longer discrete subject areas but vital tools and an integrated part of current microbiological research. As part of this revolution in molecular biology, the genomes of a growing number of pathogenic and model bacteria have been fully sequenced, with immense implications for our future understanding of microorganisms at the molecular level. Advances in Molecular and Cellular Microbiology is a series edited by researchers active in these exciting and rapidly expanding fields. Each vol- ume will focus on a particular aspect of cellular or molecular microbiology and will provide an overview of the area, as well as examine current research. This series will enable graduate students and researchers to keep up with the CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY rapidly diversifying literature in current microbiological research. AMCMn Series Editors Professor Brian Henderson University College, London Professor Michael Wilson University College, London Professor Sir Anthony Coates St George’s Hospital Medical School, London Professor Michael Curtis St Bartholomew’s and Royal London Hospital, London ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR AND © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information Published Titles 1. Bacterial Adhesion to Host Tissues: Mechanisms and Consequences. Edited by Michael Wilson 9780521801072 2. Bacterial Evasion of Host Immune Responses. Edited by Brian Henderson and Petra Oyston 9780521801737 3. Dormancy and Low Growth States in Microbial Diseases. Edited by Anthony Coates 9780521809405 4. Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases: The Importance of Host Genetics. Edited by Richard Bellamy 9780521815253 5. Bacterial Invasion of Host Cells. Edited by Richard Lamont 9780521809542 6. Mammalian Host Defense Peptides. Edited by Deirdre A. Devine and Robert E. W. Hancock 9780521822206 7. Bacterial Protein Toxins: Role in the Interference with Cell Growth Regulation. Edited by Alistair Lax 9780521820912X 8. The Dynamic Bacterial Genome. Edited by Peter Mullany 9780521821575 9. Salmonella Infections: Clinical, Immunological and Molecular Aspects. Edited by Pietro Mastroeni and Duncan Maskell 9780521835046 10. The Influence of Cooperative Bacteria on Animal Host Biology. Edited by Margaret J. McFall-Ngai, Brian Henderson, and Edward G. Ruby 9780521834650 11. Bacterial Cell-to-Cell Communication: Role in Virulence and Pathogenesis. Edited by Donald R. Demuth and Richard Lamont 9780521846387 12. Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Bacterial Pathogenicity. Edited by Joel D. Ernst and Olle Stendahl 9780521845694 13. Bacterial-Epithelial Cell Cross-Talk: Molecular Mechanisms in Pathogenesis. Edited by Beth A. McCormick 9780521852449 14. Dendritic Cell Interactions with Bacteria. Edited by Maria Rescigno 9780521855860 15. Bacteriophage Ecology: Population Growth, Evolution, and Impact of Bacterial Viruses. Edited by Stephen T. Abedon 9780521858458 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information Advances in Molecular and Cellular Microbiology 16 Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis EDITED BY MICHAEL HENSEL University of Erlangen, Germany HERBERT SCHMIDT University of Hohenheim, Germany © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo, Delhi Cambridge University Press 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013–2473, USA www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521862974 c Cambridge University Press 2008 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2008 Printed in the United States of America A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of pathogenesis / [edited by] Michael Hensel, Herbert Schmidt. p. ; cm. – (Advances in molecular and cellular microbiology; 16) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-521-86297-4 (hardback) 1. Genetic transformation. 2. Bacterial diseases – Pathogenesis. 3. Molecular evolution. I. Hensel, Michael, 1962– II. Schmidt, Herbert, 1961– III. Title. IV. Series. [DNLM: 1. Gene Transfer, Horizontal. 2. Bacterial Infections – etiology. 3. Evolution, Molecular. QW 51 H8115 2008] QH448.4.H67 2008 579.3165–dc22 2007041583 ISBN 978-0-521-86297-4 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information We dedicate this book to our mentors Jurgen¨ Heesemann and Helge Karch © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information Contents ix Preface page xi Contributors xv PART I Theoretical Considerations on the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens 1 Genomes in Motion: Gene Transfer as a Catalyst for Genome Change 3 Jeffrey G. Lawrence and Heather Hendrickson 2 Bacterial Recombination in vivo 23 Xavier Didelot and Daniel Falush PART II Mobile Genetic Elements in Bacterial Evolution 3 Phage-bacterium Co-evolution and Its Implication for Bacterial Pathogenesis 49 Harald Brussow¨ 4 The Role of Bacteriophages in the Generation and Spread of Bacterial Pathogens 79 Roger W. Hendrix and Sherwood R. Casjens 5 Genomic Islands in the Bacterial Chromosome – Paradigms of Evolution in Quantum Leaps 113 Tobias Olschl¨ ager¨ and Jorg¨ Hacker PART III Paradigms of Bacterial Evolution 6 Genomic Islands in Plant-pathogenic Bacteria 137 Dawn L. Arnold and Robert W. Jackson © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86297-4 - Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Pathogenesis Edited by Michael Hensel and Herbert Schmidt Frontmatter More information 7 Prophage Contribution to Salmonella Virulence and Diversity 159 Sebastien´ Lemire, Nara Figueroa-Bossi, and Lionello Bossi 8 Pathogenic