1 2 MAY 1971 BULLET I N OF INDUSTRIA L ARC HAEOLOGY I N CB A GROUP 9 July 1970 Number 13 17 Mayfield Roa.d, Northampton. Editor : Geoffrey H. Starmer, issues) to:- Enquiries re distribution and subscriptions (1 5/for 4 quarterly J. Kenneth Major, 2 Eldon Road, Reading. COUNTY INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY REPRESENTATIVES Holland Cottage, Whipsnade, Nr.Dunstable: Bedfordshire : Mr. D.T. Goseltine, Major, 2 Eldon Road, Reading. Berkshire . : Mr. J. Kenneth 1 Wordsworth Drive, Bletchley. Buckinghamshire : Dr. P.N. Jarvis, Starmer, 17 Mayfield Road, Northampton. 'Northamptonshire : Mr. Geoffrey H. Adderbury East, Banbury. Oxfordshire : Mr. J.F. Carter, Tarvers, in any of If there are workers pursuing industrial archaeological studies representative, it the five counties who are not yet in touch with that C6unty's so that each is hoped that contact will be established as soon as possible being representative will'have a complete record of the industrial archaeology work so that:- undertaken in his County. This will help co-ordination of the Anyone will be able to see if a particular topic is being studied and if so, by whom. relevant Anyone coming across information or material remains which are o another worker's studies will know to whom to pass the information. CONTENTS Page Editorial: The Bulletin 2 Comment 2 'Filming an early "Diesel" engine' by Dr. P.N. Jarvis 3 'A Fulling Mill at Standlake, Oxfordshire' by Brig. F.R.L. Goadby 4 'A Berkshire Foundry' by J. Kenneth Major 6 'Breweries in Northamptonshire' by Geoffrey H. Starmer 7 'Some Northamptonshire Brickworks' by Richard O'Rourke 8 Reports of Industrial Archaeology in the Individual Counties Bedfordshire 28 Berkshire 28 Northamptonshire 29 Oxfordshire 32 Index to Bulletins ,10-13 33 Appeals I CONFINED TO 34 THE LIBRARY THE BULLETIN During the current subscription. of the four covered by This issue is the last improvements in the content favourable comment regarding the past year there has been Bulletin. This has been 1) of production of the (If not punctuality and educational and standard especially from libraries by an increase in interest, accompanied in the number of subscribers. with a gratifying increase institutions of the costs a considerable proportion postage - which forms early Unfortunately, is to rise once again, distributing the Bulletin - involved in producing and between income and because we have no margin In anticipation of this, to ,1-5/- (7.5P) next year. increase the subscription we have had reluctantly to feel and expenditure, all of our current subscribers issues. We hope that as for the four quarterly will renew their subscriptions worth the extra cost and that the Bulletin is now soon as possible to :- .J.Kenneth Major, Esq., 2 Eldon Road, Reading relevant to welcome provided they are for this Bulletin are always of Contributions CBA Group Nine. Our interpretation in the area covered by Industrial Archaeology date barriers industrial very wide, with no artificial industrial archaeology is of interests. times come within our range activities of Roman or earlier YOU able to offer :- Are . Bulletin before:, perhaps trying it *ont in this An article, in the journal in your own Societyls journal or publication appeals If nepessary, include !Industriel Archaeology% Line diagrams 'and maps can be. for extra information. of black, black lines (No solid areas accepted if. drawn.with 100 siie-ndt'eXCeeding 80.x please) on white paper and cif-a. - but preferably smaller. items of industrial Notes on any studies being undertaken, discovered.or likely to archaeological interest recently Please give give location, disappear in the near future. restictions on,viewing. Nat. Grid Referenoe and any give venue, exhibitions. Remember to Details of lectures and where applicable. dates, times and prices views expressed or techniques Comment on any of the article, described in the Bulletin. G.H.S. (.0114t4E1141r Buchanan, Bath University :- From Dr. Angus where page 35), for information about J. Palmer (Bulletin No.11 The,request from Mrs. in each county, is record caxds can be inspected the CBA industrial monument the record cards at make no provision for keeping to answer. Most counties For the counties difficult is kept in different ways. of those which do the record of the present and are undoubtedly the Editor the best people to contact covered by CBA Group 9, for a large proportion Between them they have accounted Bulletin and Mr. J.K.Major. So far as I am aware Record of Industrial Monuments. of the antries in the National their own records. in this region do not keep the county authorities concerned at the Museum & of NIMR cards are held Note: For Berkshire, copies Town Hall, Reading. Art Gallery, Reading J.K.M. by the copies of NIMR cards are taken For Northamptonshire, Copies Guildhall Road, Northampton. Central Museum & Art Gallery, nf thosp oreoared from the street surveys_in_Northamp=:=1.soml.s. - ) - FILMING AN EARLY "DIESEL" ENGINE by Dr. P.N. Jarvis 471f Works your film unit has After the gratifying response to the film of Wolverton consequently has moved up from 8mm to decided that it could improve its technique and short effort in these media is a 16mms and is including a sound track. The first type engine built by Ruston & fifteen minute film showing a 1924 Akroyd type oil deriving ultimately from Trevithick's Hornsby. This machine is a stationary engine not only did this type horizontal mill engine of 1802. It will be remembered that tandem compounds and so forth of machine prove the ancestor of all the complicated gas engines developed during the of the northern mills, but also of the stationary oil engines patented by Herbert middle of the nineteenth century and then of the heavy which to this day for some reason Akroyd Stuart in 1890, then later of the oil engines of the modern Diesel engines are carry the name of Diesel. If the two characteristics by compression, then Herbert Akroyd those of airless admission of fuel and of ignition work these machines and to prove Stuart was undoubtedly the first man successfully to carried on in his foundry at Fenny them a commercial success. Development work was models, as Mr. Rex Wailes Stratford during the 1880's and some of the early production & Company, in the Euston Road, remarks, were made at his father's business, George Wailes Science Museum at South Kensington, London. One of the early machines is preserved in the it was to them that Akroyd Stuart and another at Ruston & Hornsby's in Lincoln, because erected in Penny Stratford at eventually sold his patent. A commemorative plaque was the centenary of his birth. the site of Stuart's workshop in 1964 on the occasion of used to run along the The post office telephone cables from London to the North Canal Company grew towpath of the Grand.Junction Canal until the price exacted by the Street instead. At the to be too much and the cables were then laid along the Watling Canal, stands the point of intersection of the Watling Street and the Grand Junction a & Hornsby model post office repeater station, and inside this building is Ruston charge the Model K Akroyd type oil engine which was used from 1924 till 1970 to engines worked batteries powering the telephone.cables. In earlier years two similar one engine went out of all the time, but later a mains transformer was installed and failure. The service. The remaining survivor was only used in the event of a mains to drive two air engine was started in a rather unusual way. The batteries were used bottles. compressors working at a 133 volts and pressing air to 300 PSI in large steel hand valves The air from these bottles was admitted to the cylinder of the engine by the engine went and moved the engine until it fired of its own accord - thereafter charged the batteries, under its own power. The engine drove generators;. which in turn engine had one cylinder, 26 and thus back to the beginning of the cycle again. The It drove a flywheel inches stroke, and 15 inches bore, and generated 84 horsepower. a shade under 10 which ran absolutely true being 9ft. 10 ins, in diameter and weighing if an absolutely steady tons. Accuracy of machining of the flywheel was essential, and the cooling electric current were to be generated. The cylinder had a water jacket at the cylinder head. apparatus ensured the running temperature never rose above 94°F. of crafty timing from a A single camshaft drove both inlet and exhaust valve by a piece the draught would draw a single eccentric. The air intake was such that it was said and not unmelodious young cat up with it. The noise of this machine was a characteristic of "Thumper". The thumping, and for this reason the engine was known by the nickname the Watling Street, film shows the post office repeater,station, next to the canal on oiling up the engine, and it shows Mr. Ken Peerless, Divisional Post Office Engineer, been recorded by starting it, running it, and shutting it down. The commentary has and Crafts Exhibition Mr. Peerless. The premiére of the film was at the Bletchley Arts soundtrack.. It in May but at that time it was rather incomplete with only a temporary film perhaps to be shown was hoped to finish the work on the soundtrack in time for the by a three cylinder at the Bath Conference in November. Thumper has noW been replaced but the old Lister engine built on the premised by Mr. Peerless and his assistants the engine stands in its original position and is likely to stay there because of difficulty of removing it from the building.