CDF STUDY REPORT SPP MAB Active Body Small Planetary Platforms Assessment for Main Asteroid Belt Active Bodies CDF-178(B) January 2018 SPP MAB Active Body CDF Study Report: CDF-178(B) January 2018 page 1 of 207 CDF Study Report SPP Main Asteroid Belt Active Body Small Planetary Platforms Assessment For Main Asteroid Belt Active Bodies ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public SPP MAB Active Body CDF Study Report: CDF-178(B) January 2018 page 2 of 207 FRONT COVER Study Logo showing satellite approaching an asteroid with a swarm of nanosats ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public SPP MAB Active Body CDF Study Report: CDF-178(B) January 2018 page 3 of 207 STUDY TEAM This study was performed in the ESTEC Concurrent Design Facility (CDF) by the following interdisciplinary team: TEAM LEADER AOCS PAYLOAD COMMUNICATIONS POWER CONFIGURATION PROGRAMMATICS/ AIV COST ELECTRICAL PROPULSION DATA HANDLING CHEMICAL PROPULSION GS&OPS SYSTEMS MISSION ANALYSIS THERMAL MECHANISMS Under the responsibility of: S. Bayon, SCI-FMP, Study Manager With the scientific assistance of: Study Scientist With the technical support of: Systems/APIES Smallsats Radiation The editing and compilation of this report has been provided by: Technical Author ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public SPP MAB Active Body CDF Study Report: CDF-178(B) January 2018 page 4 of 207 This study is based on the ESA CDF Open Concurrent Design Tool (OCDT), which is a community software tool released under ESA licence. All rights reserved. Further information and/or additional copies of the report can be requested from: S. Bayon ESA/ESTEC/SCI-FMP Postbus 299 2200 AG Noordwijk The Netherlands Tel: +31-(0)71-5655502 Fax: +31-(0)71-5655985 [email protected] For further information on the Concurrent Design Facility please contact: M. Bandecchi ESA/ESTEC/TEC-SYE Postbus 299 2200 AG Noordwijk The Netherlands Tel: +31-(0)71-5653701 Fax: +31-(0)71-5656024 [email protected] ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public SPP MAB Active Body CDF Study Report: CDF-178(B) January 2018 page 5 of 207 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 13 1.1 Background ...........................................................................................................13 1.2 Objective ................................................................................................................13 1.3 Scope .....................................................................................................................13 1.4 Document Structure ............................................................................................. 14 2 PAYLOAD ............................................................................................ 15 2.1 Requirements and Design Drivers MC ................................................................. 15 2.2 Requirements and Design Drivers SS ................................................................... 15 2.3 Assumptions and Trade offs SS ............................................................................ 15 2.3.1 Assumptions .................................................................................................... 15 2.3.2 Trade Offs and Selection of Instruments ....................................................... 16 2.4 Baseline Strawman Payload ................................................................................. 19 2.5 Accommodation ................................................................................................... 20 2.6 Operational Aspects and Data Volume ................................................................ 21 3 MISSION ANALYSIS ........................................................................... 23 3.1 Requirements and Design Drivers MC ................................................................ 23 3.1.1 Multipoint Mission ........................................................................................ 23 3.1.2 Launch Vehicle ............................................................................................... 23 3.1.3 Launch Date ................................................................................................... 23 3.1.4 Transfer Duration .......................................................................................... 23 3.1.5 Duration of Operations .................................................................................. 23 3.2 Assumptions and Trade-Offs MC ........................................................................ 24 3.2.1 Small Body Classification ............................................................................... 24 3.2.2 Launch Strategies and Trade-offs .................................................................. 25 3.2.3 Preliminary Assessment of Different Missions ............................................. 29 3.3 Baseline Design MC ............................................................................................. 30 3.3.1 Target Selection.............................................................................................. 30 3.3.2 Comet 311P ......................................................................................................31 3.3.3 Launch Scenario ............................................................................................. 32 3.3.4 Transfers to 311P ............................................................................................ 34 3.4 Sensitivity Analysis for MC: What if? .................................................................. 39 3.4.1 Including Gravity Assists ............................................................................... 39 3.4.2 Other Comet Targets ...................................................................................... 41 4 SYSTEMS ............................................................................................ 45 4.1.1 Mission and System Requirements Tree ....................................................... 45 4.1.2 Mission Requirements Update ...................................................................... 45 4.2 System Baseline Design ....................................................................................... 49 4.2.1 Target Selection and Strawman Payload ....................................................... 49 4.2.2 Transfer, Rendezvous and Operations Overview .......................................... 50 4.2.3 Baseline MC Design Summary ...................................................................... 52 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public SPP MAB Active Body CDF Study Report: CDF-178(B) January 2018 page 6 of 207 4.2.4 Propellant Budget .......................................................................................... 54 4.2.5 Product Tree ................................................................................................... 54 4.2.6 Modes and Phases .......................................................................................... 56 4.2.7 Smallsat Mass Budget and Equipment List ................................................... 57 4.2.8 Mother spacecraft Mass Budget and Equipment List ................................... 59 4.2.9 Power Budget ................................................................................................. 61 4.2.10 Structural Assumptions ................................................................................. 62 4.3 System Options .................................................................................................... 62 5 CONFIGURATION ............................................................................... 65 5.1 Requirements and Design Drivers MC ................................................................ 65 5.2 Requirements and Design Drivers SS .................................................................. 65 5.3 Assumptions and Trade offs MC .......................................................................... 66 5.4 Assumptions and Trade offs SS ........................................................................... 66 5.5 Baseline Design MC ............................................................................................. 66 5.5.1 Description of the MC Spacecraft .................................................................. 66 5.5.2 Main Dimensions of the MC spacecraft ......................................................... 73 5.6 Baseline Design SS ............................................................................................... 74 5.6.1 Description of the SS Spacecraft .................................................................... 74 5.6.2 Main Dimensions of the SS Spacecraft .......................................................... 76 6 MECHANISMS ..................................................................................... 79 6.1 Requirements and Design Drivers MC ................................................................ 79 6.2 Requirements and Design Drivers SS .................................................................. 79 6.3 Assumptions and Trade offs MC .......................................................................... 79 6.3.1 Assumptions ................................................................................................... 79 6.3.2 Trade Offs ....................................................................................................... 80 6.4 Assumptions and Trade offs SS ..........................................................................