\ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE • John T. Connor, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS • A. V. Astin, Director Bibliography on Flame Spectroscopy Analytical Applications 1800-1966 Compiled by R. Mavrodineanu Philips Laboratories A Division of North American Philips Company, Inc. Briarcliff Manor, N.Y. Prepared as a contribution to the program of the National Standard Reference Data System for the Office of Standard Reference Data National Bureau of Standards Washington, D.C. 20234 National Bureau of Standards Miscellaneous Publication 281 Issued February 23, 1967 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C, 20402 - Price $2.00 : — THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS The National Bureau of Standards 1 provides measurement and technical information services essential to the efficiency and effectiveness of the work of the Nation's scientists and engineers. The Bureau serves also as a focal point in the Federal Government for assuring maximum application of the physical and engineering sciences to the advancement of technology in industry and commerce. To accomplish this mission, the Bureau is organized into three institutes covering broad program areas of research and services: THE INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS . provides the central basis within the United States for a complete and consistent system of physical measurements, coordinates that system with the measurement systems of other nations, and furnishes essential sendees leading to accurate and uniform physical measurements throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry, and commerce. This Institute comprises a series of divisions, each serving a classical subject matter area: —Applied Mathematics—Electricity—Meterology—Mechanics—Heat—Atomic Physics—Physical Chemistry—Radiation Physics—Laboratory Astrophysics 2—Radio Standards Laboratory,2 which includes Radio Standards Physics and Radio Standards Engineering—Office of Standard Refer- ence Data. THE INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH . conducts materials research and provides associated materials services including mainly reference materials and data on the properties of ma- terials. Beyond its direct interest to the Nation's scientists and engineers, this Institute yields services which are essential to the advancement of technology in industry and commerce. This Institute is or- ganized primarily by technical fields —Analytical Chemistry—Metallurgy—Reactor Radiations—Polymers—Inorganic Materials—Cry- ogenics 2—Materials Evaluation Laboratory— Office of Standard Reference Materials. THE INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED TECHNOLOGY . provides technical services to promote the use of available technology and to facilitate technological innovation in industry and government. The principal elements of this Institute are: —Building Research—Electronic Instrumentation—Textile and Apparel Technology Center Technical Analysis—Center for Computer Sciences and Technology—Office of Weights and Meas- ures—Office of Engineering Standards Services—Office of Invention and Innovation—Clearing- house for Federal Scientific and Technical Information.3 1 Headquarters and Laboratories at Gaithersburg, Maryland, unless otherwise noted; mailing address Washington, D.C., 20234. 2 Located at Boulder, Colorado, 80302. 3 Located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia, 22151. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-61840 ii Foreword The National Standard Reference Data System is a government-wide effort to give to the technical community of the United States optimum access to the quantitative data of physical science, critically evaluated and compiled for convenience. This program was established in 1963 by the President's Office of Science and Technology, acting upon the recommen- dation of the Federal Council for Science and Technology. The National Bureau of Standards has been assigned responsibility for administering the effort. The general objective of the System is to coordinate and inte- grate existing data evaluation and compilation activities into a systematic, comprehensive program, supplementing and expanding technical coverage when necessary, establishing and maintaining standards for the output of the participating groups, and providing mechanisms for the dissemination of the output as required. The NSRDS is conducted as a decentralized operation of nationwide scope with central coordination by NBS. It comprises a complex of data centers and other activities, carried on in government agencies, academic institutions, and nongovernmental laboratories. The independent opera- tional status of existing critical data projects is maintained and encour- aged. Data centers that are components of the NSRDS produce compilations of critically evaluated data, critical reviews of the state of quantitative knowledge in specialized areas, and computations of useful functions derived from standard reference data. The primary output of the NSRDS—compilations and critical reviews —is to be published in a new series, called the National Standard Refer- ence Data Series, within the NBS publications program. However, it has become apparent that bibliographies, especially annotated and indexed bibliographies which are essential elements of the compilation and eval- uation process, have a substantial value of their own to the technical public. Plans have therefore been made to publish a number of specialized bibliog- raphies. Some of these will appear in the present NBS Miscellaneous Publication series or as NBS Technical Notes; others will be published and distributed through channels connected with their authors or co- sponsors. A. V. Astin, Director iii Preface This collection consists of 5,113 references to works on flame spec- troscopy, selected with emphasis toward analytical measurements, and covers the period from about 1800 to 1966. The references are arbitrarily classified according to the following scheme: 1. Emission 1.1. Early papers (1800 to 1928) (503 references) 1.2. Books on analytical flame spectroscopy (14 references) 1.3. Theses (60 references) 1.4. Reviews (80 references) 1.5. Bibliographies (20 references) 1.6. Chapters in books and related material (65 references) 1.7. Fundamental papers (1173 references) 1.8. Instrumentation (401 references) 1.9. Analytical procedures (1987 references) 1.10. Less familiar flames (92 references) 2. Atomic absorption spectroscopy 2.1. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (353 references) 2.2. Hollow cathodes (87 references) 3. Electrical discharges having the aspect of combustion flames 3.1. RF discharges (154 references) 3.2. Plasma arcs (98 references) 3.3. Arc-and-spark-in-flame (26 references). In collecting the references assembled in this bibliography the author has made use of original publications and of abstracting publications such as Chemical Abstracts, Science Abstracts Section A, Biological Abstracts, Analytical Abstracts, Technical Abstract Bulletin of the Defense Documen- tation Center, Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Nuclear Science Abstracts, Cur- rent Chemical Papers (The Chemical Society, London), Metallurgical Ab- stracts, Ceramic Abstracts. An appreciable number of references were initially obtained from books and reviews; when possible these were veri- fied against the original work. When the original was unavailable or written in an unfamiliar language, the reference was checked with one of the abstracting publications mentioned above. The following libraries were used for this collection: Chemists' Club, Engineering Society, New York Academy of Medicine, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Philips Laboratories, and New York Public Library. The references are arranged in each section in alphabetical order by authors followed by the title of the work, always translated into English, by the complete bibliographical information, and whenever possible by the corresponding Chemical Abstract number. When it was considered neces- sary, brief introductory comments and subject indexes were provided at the corresponding sections. It is the intention of the author to continue the collection of references to works on flame spectroscopy and to publish periodically supplements to the present bibliography. He will therefore appreciate receiving construc- tive criticism and suggestions as well as corrections of the unavoidable errors always encountered in this type of publication, and in particular he requests the authors of papers pertaining to the field covered in this bibli- ography to send reprints or complete references of their works. This work was initiated through the interest, encouragement, and support of the National Bureau of Standards, Office of Standard Reference Data. It was financed jointly by the National Bureau of Standards under Contract No. CST-1343, and Philips Laboratories, a Division of North American Philips Company, Inc. iv It is a pleasure to acknowledge the assistance and encouragement of S. A. Rossmassler of the National Bureau of Standards, and that of J. A. Hippie and R. C. Hughes of Philips Laboratories during the course of the work. The capable assistance of Mrs. A. Long in assembling, organizing, and checking the references, and of Miss Mary Ruth Bateman in editing and typing the manuscript is greatly appreciated. March 1966 R. Mavrodineanu v Contents Page Foreword iii Preface iv Introduction vii 1. Emission 1.1. Early works 1 1.2. Books 13 1.2. Theses 13 1.4. Reviews 15 1.5. Bibliographies 17 1.6. Chapters in books and related material