2016 Volume XVVolume No. 2 XV No. 2 Territorial and Maritime Disputes in the West Philippine Sea: Foreign Policy Choices and their Impact on Domestic Stakeholders AILEEN S.P.BAVIERA Social Media Use by Frontline Government Agencies: Review and Recommendations CLARISSA C. DAVID Do Investments Respond to Taxation and Incentives? Evidence from the Philippines STELLA A. QUIMBO LORAINE GALLEVO XYLEE JAVIER ROMERO FS. QUIMBO MEG REGAÑON Measuring the Performance of the Philippine Scientific Enterprise System CAESAR A. SALOMA Empowering Filipino Women Seafarers in the Maritime Sector LUCIA P. TANGI Mind the Skills Gap: The Case of the Philippines SENATOR JUAN EDGARDO”SONNY” M. ANGARA Speech Review: Mind the Skills Gap: The Case of the Philippines EMILY CHRISTI A. CABEGIN (PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) EDITORIAL BOARD Alfredo E. Pascual, Chair; Emerlinda R. Roman; Emil Q. Javier; Francisco Nemenzo, Jr.; Jose V. Abueva; Edgardo J. Angara; Emmanuel V. Soriano; Edna Estifania A. Co; Gisela P. 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Reviewers Reviewer Affiliation Alyssa Peleo Alampay University of the Philippines Aileen Baviera University of the Philippines Sedfrey Candelaria Ateneo de Manila Law School Eulalio Guieb III University of the Philippines Leticia Ho University of the Philippines Ponciano Intal Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia-Indonesia Napoleon Juanillo, Jr. Commission on Higher Education Bernard Karganilla University of the Philippines Anthony Leachon University of the Philippines Joseph Anthony Lim Ateneo de Manila University Gilbert Llanto Philippine Institute of Development Studies Eduardo Mendoza University of Munich Marie Antonette Menez University of the Philippines Henry Tadap Okole Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands National Research Institute Perry Ong University of the Philippines Jeremaiah Opiniano University of Santo Tomas Visiting Lecturer University of Hawai'i at Manoa-Convenor, Antonio Oposa,Jr. The Road Sharing Movement William Padolina National Academy of Science and Technology, University of the Philippines Emma Porio Ateneo de Manila University Jon Quah National University of Singapore Ma. Lourdes Rebullida University of the Philippines Alfredo C. Robles, Jr. De La Salle University Agnes Rola University of the Philippines Patricia Sto. Tomas Advisory Council - Philippine Civil Service Commission Peter Sy University of the Philippines Jorge Tigno University of the Philippines Majah-Leah Ravago University of the Philippines Pia Manalastas De La Salle University Antonio G.M. La Viña Ateneo de Manila University MCM Santamaria, LL.D. University of the Philippines Rolando G. Talampas University of the Philippines Nestor T. Castro University of the Philippines Benjamin M. Vallejo University of the Philippines Charlotte Kendra de Zuñiga Gotangco Ateneo de Manila University Maria Faina Diola University of the Philippines Alicia B. Celestino University of the Philippines David Leonides T. Yap University of the Philippines Public Policy (PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) Contents Editor’s Note ix Edna E.A. Co Territorial and Maritime Disputes in the West Philippine Sea: Foreign Policy Choices and their Impact on Domestic Stakeholders 12 Aileen S.P. Baviera Social Media Use by Frontline Government Agencies: Review and Recommendations 50 Clarissa C. David Do Investments Respond to Taxation and Incentives? Evidence from the Philippines 73 Stella A. Quimbo Loraine Gallevo Xylee Javier Romero FS. Quimbo Meg Regañon Measuring the Performance of the Philippine Scientific Enterprise System 122 Caesar A. Saloma Empowering Filipino Women Seafarers in the Maritime Sector 162 Lucia P. Tangi Mind the Skills Gap: The Case of the Philippines 199 Senator Juan Edgardo “Sonny” M. Angara Review: Mind the Skills Gap 208 Emily Christi A. Cabegin About the Authors 213 (PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) Editors’ Note In 2015, five faculty members were awarded the President Edgardo J. Angara (PEJA) Fellowship. The awardees, namely Professors Aileen Baviera, Clarissa David, Stella Quimbo, Caesar Saloma, and Lucia Tangi delivered public lectures on their respective topics upon completing their researches in 2016. Their research reports are featured in this volume of the Public Policy Journal (PPJ). Professor Aileen Baviera’s “Territorial and Maritime Disputes in the West Philippine Sea: Foreign Policy Choices and their Impact on Domestic Stakeholders” examines the role of the various domestic stakeholders, their views on the controversial maritime dispute between China and the Philippines and how these impact their lives. The study describes the efforts primarily made by the Department of Foreign Affairs in soliciting stakeholders’ feedbacks and recognizes the indicative support of the stakeholders, including Filipino-Chinese nationals torn on the territorial issue and on their loyalties. The study also recognizes the vulnerabilities that persist and bother the Philippine government and the domestic stakeholders such as the need to normalize fishing activities in the West Philippine territories, the need to protect marine resources, the imperative to fast track the modernization of marine capabilities, resources, and equipment. With the onset of a new administration under Duterte, the author raises the question as to whether domestic stakeholders could be a democratic voice and source of strength of a nation whose foreign policy is yet caught in the unfinished business of the maritime dispute. Using three service frontline government agencies as cases, Dr. Clarissa David’s “Social Media Use by Frontline Government Services: Review and Recommendations” examines how social networking, whether internally crafted or outsourced by the agencies, perform to help achieve the agency goals and their own work settings. Social networking as a communication strategy varies in utilization by the three agencies, namely the Department of Education, Department of Health, and the Home Mutual Development Fund. Based on her conclusion, the study recommends some policies, organizational arrangements, and integration of the agency strategies in the overall digital communication strategies. Editors’ Note Professor Stella Quimbo and her team’s “Do Investments Respond to Taxation and Incentives? Evidence from the Philippines” assesses the responsiveness of industry investments to tax changes and incentives. Using data from industry and firms, the relationships between tax incentives and industry investments are explained. A modified version of the study, which was conducted in time series, validates the research’s earlier cross-section findings. The study suggests a reduction of corporate income tax rates to even off with the industry investment level of some ASEAN countries. Quimbo and her team recognize that a study on corporate taxation is quite limited and under-researched, and should be pursued. Dr. Caesar Saloma’s study on “Measuring the Performance of the Philippine Scientific Enterprise System” presents an interesting set of data from publications and other sources, and uses these data to diagnose the performance indices used by institutions and organizations that are involved in the production of scientific outputs. The author used the Academic Productivity Index, the Scientific Productivity Index, and the PhD Production Efficiency Index in examining the value of metrics that align individual performance and institutional outputs. These outputs are useful measures to determine or decide on faculty tenure and promotion. In a sense, these metrics also facilitate