Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment 1035/1045 Parkford Drive Project City of Redlands, San Bernardino County, California Redlands, California, USGS 7.5-minute Topographic Quadrangle Map Range 35, Township 1 South, Range 3 West APN 0174-143-07 2.73-acre Study Area Prepared for: Harcourts & Freeman 1780 Orange Tree Lane Redlands, CA 92374 Contact: Brad Freeman Prepared by: FirstCarbon Solutions 7265 N. First Street, Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93720 714.508.4100 Contact: David Smith, Project Manager, Archaeologist Date: February 27, 2017 NORTH AMERICA | EUROPE | AFRICA | AUSTRALIA | ASIA WWW.FIRSTCARBONSOLUTIONS.COM THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Harcourts & Freeman—1035/1045 Parkford Drive Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Table of Contents Table of Contents Management Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 Section 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 - Project Location ................................................................................................................. 3 1.2 - Project Description ............................................................................................................ 3 1.3 - Natural Setting ................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 - Assessment Team .............................................................................................................. 4 Section 2: Cultural Setting ............................................................................................................ 11 2.1 - Prehistoric Background ................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 - Early Man ............................................................................................................. 11 2.1.2 - Millingstone .......................................................................................................... 12 2.1.3 - Intermediate ......................................................................................................... 12 2.1.4 - Late Prehistoric ..................................................................................................... 13 2.2 - Native American Background .......................................................................................... 13 2.2.1 - Gabrielino/Tongva ................................................................................................ 13 2.2.2 - Serrano ................................................................................................................. 14 2.2.3 - Cahuilla ................................................................................................................. 15 2.3 - Historic Background ........................................................................................................ 16 2.3.1 - The Spanish Period (1722 to 1824) ...................................................................... 16 2.3.2 - The Mexican Period (1824–1848) ........................................................................ 17 2.3.3 - Citrus Farming and the History of Redlands ......................................................... 17 Section 3: Results ......................................................................................................................... 21 3.1 - Records Search ................................................................................................................ 21 3.1.1 - SCCIC .................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 - Pedestrian Survey ............................................................................................................ 24 Section 4: Summary and Recommendations ................................................................................ 27 4.1 - Summary ......................................................................................................................... 27 4.2 - Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 27 4.3 - Inadvertent Discovery Procedures .................................................................................. 27 4.3.1 - Accidental Discovery of Human Remains ............................................................. 27 4.3.2 - Accidental Discovery of Cultural Resources ......................................................... 28 Section 5: References ................................................................................................................... 29 Appendix A: Project Area Photographs Appendix B: Native American Heritage Commission Correspondence Appendix C: Paleontological Resource Records Search Appendix D: Personnel Qualifications Appendix E: Regulatory Framework FirstCarbon Solutions iii Y:\Publications\Client (PN-JN)\4931\49310001\Cultural Report\49310001 Parkford Drive Phase I CRA.docx Harcourts & Freeman—1035/1045 Parkford Drive Project Table of Contents Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment List of Tables Table 1: Cultural Resources Reports within a 1-mile Radius of the Project Area .................................. 21 Table 2: Known Cultural Resources within a 1-mile Radius of the Project Area ................................... 23 Table 3: Resources within a 1-mile Radius of the Study Area with Listed or Eligible Status on the San Bernardino County HRI, NR, CR, CHL, and/or CHPI Inventories ...................... 23 List of Exhibits Exhibit 1: Regional Location Map ............................................................................................................ 5 Exhibit 2: Local Vicinity Map, Aerial Base ............................................................................................... 7 Exhibit 3: Local Vicinity Map, Topographic Base ..................................................................................... 9 iv FirstCarbon Solutions Y:\Publications\Client (PN-JN)\4931\49310001\Cultural Report\49310001 Parkford Drive Phase I CRA.docx Harcourts & Freeman—1035/1045 Parkford Drive Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Management Summary MANAGEMENT SUMMARY At the request of Harcourts & Freeman, FirstCarbon Solutions (FCS) conducted a Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment at the proposed project area located in Redlands. San Bernardino County, California (Exhibit 1). Totaling 2.74 acres, the project involves the development of a 2,000-square- foot Starbucks drive-through, with two (2) associated Tenants directly south of the existing LA Fitness facility. The project also proposes to develop The Learning Experience (T.L.E.) facility, with an associated Play Area. Associated site improvements include landscaping and parking. There are no proposed off-site improvements. The purpose of this assessment is to identify the presence or absence of potentially significant cultural resources within the project area, and, if impacted by the proposed development, propose recommendations for mitigation. Completion of this investigation fulfills the requirements associated with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This report follows the California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) procedures for cultural resource surveys and the OHP’s Archaeological Resource Management Report (ARMR) format for archaeological reports. On December 19, 2016, FCS Archaeologist Ron Norton, under the direction of FCS Professional Archaeologist Michael E. Macko, M.A., RPA, conducted an in-house records search for the project area and a 1.0-mile radius beyond the project boundaries at the South Central Coastal Information Center (SCCIC) located at California State University Fullerton. The results of the records search indicated that four historic resources have been recorded within the search radius. None of the resources are located within the current project area. In addition, 12 reports are on file with the SCCIC for the 1.0-mile radius. Two reports included the project area, indicating that the project area has been previously surveyed for cultural resources. On December 8, 2016, FCS sent a letter to the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) in an effort to determine whether any sacred sites are listed on its Sacred Lands File for the project area (Appendix B). The NAHC responded with a list of Tribes affiliated with the region the City then consulted with the tribes. FCS Archaeologist Ronald Norton surveyed the project area on December 19, 2016. The project area consists of a 2.74-acre rectangular lot which contains undeveloped areas consisting of mechanically graded and compacted flat ground which is now partially grass covered. These undeveloped areas are structural pad fill soils and are truncated by two southern entrance/exit driveways along the north side of Parkford Drive. The undeveloped areas are surrounded by landscaped sloped embankments along the surrounding street level sidewalk on the northern side of Parkford Drive and the east side of Marshall Street. As no prehistoric archaeological sites or features have been recorded within the project area, or within the one mile search radius, and none were discovered during the field survey, the potential for encountering prehistoric archaeological material during ground-disturbing activities is considered to be low. FirstCarbon Solutions