16-1 GROUP 16 ENGINE ELECTRICAL CONTENTS CHARGING SYSTEM . 16-2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . 16-32 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . 16-2 SPECIAL TOOL . 16-33 SPECIAL TOOL. 16-3 ON-VEHICLE SERVICE . 16-33 KNOCK CONTROL SYSTEM CHECK. 16-33 CHARGING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS 16-4 IGNITION COIL CHECK. 16-33 SPARK PLUG CABLE RESISTANCE ON-VEHICLE SERVICE. 16-6 CHECK . 16-35 GENERATOR OUTPUT LINE SPARK PLUG CHECK AND CLEANING 16-35 VOLTAGE DROP TEST . 16-6 CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR OUTPUT CURRENT TEST . 16-7 CHECK . 16-35 REGULATED VOLTAGE TEST. 16-9 CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR WAVE PATTERN CHECK USING AN CHECK . 16-35 OSCILLOSCOPE. 16-10 IGNITION SECONDARY VOLTAGE WAVE PATTERN CHECK USING AN GENERATOR ASSEMBLY . 16-13 OSCILLOSCOPE . 16-36 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . 16-13 DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY. 16-16 IGNITION COIL. 16-39 INSPECTION (DISASSEMBLY AND REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. 16-39 ASSEMBLY) . 16-18 CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR . 16-40 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. 16-40 STARTING SYSTEM . 16-21 CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR 16-41 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . 16-21 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. 16-41 STARTING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS 16-22 KNOCK SENSOR. 16-42 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION. 16-42 ON-VEHICLE SERVICE. 16-23 STARTER RELAY CHECK . 16-23 SPECIFICATIONS . 16-43 STARTER MOTOR ASSEMBLY . 16-24 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . 16-24 FASTENER TIGHTENING INSPECTION . 16-24 SPECIFICATIONS . 16-43 DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY. 16-27 INSPECTION (DISASSEMBLY AND GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS . 16-44 ASSEMBLY) . 16-29 SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS . 16-45 IGNITION SYSTEM . 16-32 16-2 ENGINE ELECTRICAL CHARGING SYSTEM CHARGING SYSTEM GENERAL DESCRIPTION M1161000100458 The charging system charges the battery with the generator output to keep the battery charged at a constant level during varying electrical load. Operation When the ignition switch is turned on, current flows in VOLTAGE the field coil and initial excitation of the field coil occurs. When the stator coil begins to generate power after the engine is started, the field coil is excited by the APPROXIMATELY 14.4 V output current of the stator coil. The generator output voltage rises as the field cur- rent increases and it falls as the field current decreases. When the battery positive voltage (gener- TIME ator S terminal voltage) reaches a regulated voltage AKX00183AB of approximately 14.4 V, the field current is cut off. Rotation of the excited field coil generates AC volt- When the battery positive voltage drops below the age in the stator. regulated voltage, the voltage regulator regulates the This alternating current is rectified through diodes to output voltage to a constant level by controlling the DC voltage having a waveform shown in the illustra- field current. tion above. In addition, when the field current is constant, the The average output voltage fluctuates slightly with generator output voltage rises as the engine speed the generator load condition. increases. GENERATOR B STATOR COIL ECM G FIELD COIL S L + FR IGNITION SWITCH BATTERY VOLTAGE REGULATOR GENERATOR MALFUNCTION LIGHT – AK304730AB TSB Revision ENGINE ELECTRICAL 16-3 CHARGING SYSTEM SPECIAL TOOL M1161000600390 TOOL TOOL NUMBER AND SUPERSESSION APPLICATION NAME MB991958 MB991824-KIT Checking of engine idle A Scan tool (M.U.T.-III sub NOTE: G: MB991826 speed assembly) M.U.T.-III Trigger Harness CAUTION A: MB991824 is not necessary when M.U.T.-III main harness Vehicle pushing V.C.I. ENTER B (MB991911) should be communication MB991824 key. used. M.U.T.-III main B interface (V.C.I.) harness A and C should B: MB991827 not be used for this M.U.T.-III USB cable vehicle. C: MB991910 M.U.T.-III main MB991827 C harness A (Vehicles with CAN DO NOT USE communication system) D: MB991911 MB991910 M.U.T.-III main D harness B (Vehicles without CAN communication system) E: MB991914 MB991911 M.U.T.-III main E harness C (for Daimler Chrysler models only) DO NOT USE F: MB991825 M.U.T.-III MB991914 measurement adapter F G: MB991826 M.U.T.-III trigger harness MB991825 G MB991826 MB991958 MB991519 MIT530 Checking of generator Generator harness Micrd 530 charging ("S" terminal voltage) connector system tester. TSB Revision 16-4 ENGINE ELECTRICAL CHARGING SYSTEM CHARGING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS M1161000700319 TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS Generator malfunction light does not come on when the ignition switch is turned to "ON" position, before the engine starts. • Check the bulb. Generator malfunction light does not switch off after the engine starts. • Check the IC voltage regulator inside the generator. Discharged or overcharged battery. • Check the IC voltage regulator inside the generator. The generator malfunction light illuminates dimly. • Check the diode (inside the combination meter or gener- ator) for a short-circuit. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE The charging system troubleshooting guide is shown in the fol- lowing steps. STEP 1. Q: Is the battery in good condition? (Refer to GROUP 54A, Chassis Electrical − Battery − On-vehicle Service − Battery Check P.54A-4.) YES : Go to Step 2. NO : Charge or replace the battery. STEP 2. Q: Is the generator drive belt in good condition? (Refer to GROUP 00, General − Maintenance Service − 8. Drive Belt (For Generator, Water Pump and Power Steering Oil Pump) (Check Condition) P.00-41.) YES : Go to Step 3. NO : Adjust the belt tension or replace the belt. STEP 3. Q: Does the generator malfunction light turn on brightly when the ignition switch is turned to the "ON" position? YES : Go to Step 4. NO : • Check the ignition switch. (Refer to GROUP 54A, Chassis Electrical − Ignition Switch − Ignition Switch − Inspection P.54A-47.) • Check for burnt-out generator malfunction light bulb. • Check the generator. (Refer to Charging System − Generator Assembly − Inspection P.16-18.) • Check the generator malfunction light-related circuits. TSB Revision ENGINE ELECTRICAL 16-5 CHARGING SYSTEM STEP 4. Q: Does the generator malfunction light go out after starting the engine? YES : Go to Step 5. NO : Check the generator (Refer to Charging System − Generator Assembly − Inspection P.16-18.) STEP 5. Q: Is an oscilloscope available? YES : Go to Step 6. NO : Go to Step 7. STEP 6. Q: Does the oscilloscope show a normal wave pattern? (Refer to Charging System − On-vehicle Service − Wave Pattern Check Using an Oscilloscope P.16-10.) YES : Go to Step 7. NO : Check the generator. (Refer to Charging System − Generator Assembly − InspectionP.16-18.) STEP 7. • Engine: 2,500 r/min • Headlight: ON (high beam) • Voltage between generator "B" terminal and the positive battery terminal OK: 0.5 V or less • Voltage between the negative battery terminal and genera- tor body OK: 0.5 V or less Q: Are the generator output line and ground line in good condition? YES : Go to Step 8. NO : • Check the generator output line. • Check the generator ground line. STEP 8. Q: Is the output current normal? (Refer to Charging System − On-vehicle Service − Output Current Test P.16-7.) YES : Go to Step 9. NO : Check the generator (Refer to Charging System − Generator Assembly − Inspection P.16-18.) STEP 9. Q: Is the regulated voltage normal? (Refer to Refer to Charging System − On-vehicle Service − Regulated Voltage Test P.16-9.) YES : Go to Step 10. NO : Check the generator (Refer to Charging System − Generator Assembly − Inspection P.16-18.) TSB Revision 16-6 ENGINE ELECTRICAL CHARGING SYSTEM STEP 10. Q: Are the voltage drops in the generator output line normal? (Refer to Charging System − On-vehicle Service − Generator Output Line Voltage Drop Test P.16-6.) YES : Generator is normal. Check other systems. NO : Check the output line. ON-VEHICLE SERVICE GENERATOR OUTPUT LINE VOLTAGE DROP TEST M1161000900432 AMMETER GENERATOR (CLAMP-TYPE) VOLTMETER (DIGITAL-TYPE) BATTERY "B" TERMINAL AK203361AC Required Special Tool: 2. Turn the ignition switch to the "LOCK" (OFF) MB991958: Scan Tool (M.U.T.-III Sub Assembly) position. • MB991824: V.C.I. 3. Disconnect the negative battery cable. • MB991827: USB Cable 4. Connect a clamp-type DC test ammeter with a • MB991911: Main Harness B range of 0 − 100 A to the generator "B" terminal This test determines whether the wiring from the output wire. generator "B" terminal to the positive battery terminal (including the fusible link) is in good condition or not: NOTE: Disconnecting the generator output wire and connecting the ammeter may not determine WARNING the problem if there is insufficient connection Battery posts, terminals and related acces- between terminal "B" and the output wire. sories contain lead and lead compounds. 5. Connect a digital-type voltmeter between the WASH HANDS AFTER HANDLING. generator "B" terminal and the positive battery 1. Always be sure to check the following before the terminal. (Connect the positive lead of the test. voltmeter to the "B" terminal, and then connect the • Generator installation negative lead of the voltmeter to the positive • Generator drive belt tension (Refer to GROUP battery cable.) 00, General − Maintenance Service − 8. Drive Belt 6. Reconnect the negative battery cable. (For Generator, Water Pump and Power Steering Oil Pump) (Check Condition) P.00-41.) 7. Connect an engine tachometer or scan tool • Fusible link MB991958. • Abnormal noise from the generator while the 8. Leave the hood open. engine is running. 9. Start the engine. TSB Revision ENGINE ELECTRICAL 16-7 CHARGING SYSTEM 10.With the engine running at 2,500 r/min, turn the 11.If the value displayed on the voltmeter is above headlights and other lights on and off to adjust the the limit value, there is probably a malfunction in generator load so that the value displayed on the the generator output wire. Check the wiring ammeter is slightly above 30 A. between the generator "B" terminal and the Read the voltmeter. Voltage reading at or below positive battery terminal (including fusible link). limit value means voltage drop between generator If a terminal is not sufficiently tight or if the and battery is OK.