Neo Geographia An International Journal of Geography, GIS & Remote Sensing (ISSN-2319-5118) Volume II Issue I January 2013 Coordinating Editors: Vikas Nagare & Anand Londhe Guest Editor: Dr. A. H. Nanaware Advisory Board: Dr. R. R. Patil Dr. N. G. Shinde Principal & Head, Department of Geography, Head, Department of Geography, K. N. Bhise Arts & Commerce college, Kurduwadi, D.B.F.Dayanand college of Arts & Science, Tal-madha, Dist-Solapur, Maharashtra Solapur, Maharashtra Dr. A. H. Nanaware Dr. S. C. Adavitot Associate Professor, Department of Geographyrch Head, Department of Geography, And Research centre C.B. Khedagis college, Akkalkot, Dist-Solapur, Shri Shivaji Mahavidyalaya, Maharashtra Barshi, Dist-Solapur, Maharashtra . Dr. (Miss.) Veena U. Joshi Professor, Department of Geography Pune University, Pune Maharashtra Neo Geographia is a refereed journal. Published by: Barloni Books, for Interactions Forum, Pune. 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The publisher/editor of the journal is not liable for errors or any consequences arising from the exercise of information contained in it. © Neo Geographia: An International Journal of Geography, GIS & Remote Sensing CONTENTS SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF MEAN ANNUAL GROUND SURFACE TEMPERATURES (MAGST) IN THE GUKUR CATCHMENT, CENTRAL TIAN SHAN Stephan Imbery, Murataly Duishonakunov, Zhandong Sun, Lorenz King 01 ANALYSIS OF DRAINAGE MORPHOMETRY AND WATERSHED PRIORITIZATION IN ROGNI WATERSHED, SIKKIM (INDIA) THROUGH REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES Dinesh Dhakal & Deo Kumar Tamang 18 URBANIZATION AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES - BANGALORE CITY, KARNATAKA, SOUTH INDIA Dr. D. Rajasekaran 34 A GIS-BASED MULTI-CRITERIA LAND SUITABILITY EVALUATION FOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN MAHAOYA DSD, AMPARA DISTRICT, SRI LANKA I.L.M. Zahir, M.I.M. Kaleel & Dr. V. Madha Suresh 52 DESCRIPTION OF A LONGITUDINAL PROFILE; A CASE STUDY OF RIVER MULA IN BASALTIC UPLAND MAHARASHTRA Dr.Subash Dhakal & Dr. Maya G. Unde 65 IDENTIFICATION OF RIVERS AND SURROUNDED STREAMS FROM ASTER-DEM: A GIS BASED STUDY OF KOYNA RIVER AND SURROUNDED STREAMS IN SATARA DISTRICT OF MAHARASHTRA (INDIA) Sainath P. Aher & Ravindra D. Gaikwad 78 FLUORIDE CONTAMINATION IN GROUND WATER AND RELATED HEALTH PROBLEMS: A STUDY OF GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN RURAL INDIA Dr. Madhusudan Karmakar 87 TO MAKE LARGE SCALE DIGITAL TOPOSHEET USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING TOOLS Mr. Nagare Vikas. B. 98 ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING Adikanda Ojha, Jajnaseni Rout, R. N. Samal, G. Rajesh & A. K. Pattnaik 111 VEGETATION COVER IN DROUGHT PRONE AREA: A CASE STUDY OF VILLAGE HINGNI IN SOLAPUR Dr. Arjun H. Nanaware , Arjun P. P., Satpute A.S., Dighe D. J. 120 SOIL, WATER AND CROP RELATIONSHIP OF OSMANABAD DISTRICT: A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS Tatipamul R.V. , Dr. Shinde.N.G. 128 GEOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENT OF SUGARCANE CROP IN SOLAPUR DISTRICT (M.S) Dr. Govindrao U. Todkari, Dr.Virbhadra C. Dande 134 GROUND WATER POTENTIAL MAPPING USING GEO-SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY: A CASE STUDY OF SIDHEWADI VILLAGE OF SANGLI DISTRICT Subhash Chavare, S.D. Koli, Dr. S. D. Shinde 140 Neo Geographia (ISSN-2319 – 5118) Vol. II., Issue. I, January 2013 1 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Spatial and Temporal Variability of Mean Annual Ground Surface Temperatures (MAGST) in the Gukur Catchment, Central Tian Shan Stephan Imbery, Murataly Duishonakunov, Zhandong Sun, Lorenz King [email protected] Abstract Permafrost temperatures in mid-latitudinal mountain ranges are predominantly warm and therefore susceptible to climate change. But only little information exists concerning the distribution and thermal state of the permafrost in Chinese part of the Central Tian Shan. In this study a dense network of 69 temperature logger was installed in the 130 km² Gukur catchment to monitor Ground Surface Temperatures (GST) over two consecutive years and assess the thermal state of the permafrost underneath. Results therefore improve the scientific knowledge on spatial and temporal variation of Mean Annual Ground Surface Temperatures (MAGST) as an indicator for permafrost. Besides topographic parameters like altitude (r= -0.68, p < 0.001 first year; r= -0.76, p < 0.001 second year), snow cover emerged as the dominant factor for spatial variability of MAGST. Thus variations of more than 4°C are common within short distances (< 350 m) and on same altitudinal levels. The insulating effect of snow shields the ground from cold air temperatures during winter. Furthermore, inter annual variations of MAGST correlate significantly (r= 0.72, p < 0.001) with variations in duration of the insulating snow cover. Thus, snow distribution could be identified as the main factor for inter annual variations of MAGST Introduction supplied by slowly melting ground-ice and Detailed investigations on permafrost perennial snow fields is almost unknown. distribution and permafrost temperatures under However, this periglacial contribution is climate change conditions are one of the key significant. Marchenko et al. (2005) estimate the research topics in densely populated total volume of ice in permafrost to be similar to mountainous areas like the European Alps for the volume of glaciers in the region. In natural hazard assessment and challenges in extremely arid mountainous areas like the engineering (e.g. Haeberli 2013, Harris et al. Central Tian Shan, the water of rivers form the 2001). Despite the low population density in the vital source for the economic development of the alpine areas of the Chinese Tian Shan, Taklamakan basin, rich in natural resources and information on permafrost gets increasingly strongly suffering from water shortage. With a important for the region, as the main interest is contribution of more than 70 % to the total not infrastructures or rockfalls, but water runoff of the Tarim River, the Aksu has by far discharge in this arid continental climate (Bolch the largest impact on the water resources and the & Marchenko 2006). Climate change actually future development of this region under climate leads to an accelerated ablation and retreat of change conditions. Ground thermal regime and high mountain glaciers in most parts of the frozen ground are the result of energy and world, and to a runoff increase of the related moisture exchange between atmosphere and the rivers in the short to middle term. Whereas this ground surface. The key variable resulting from is a well-known fact, the additional runoff these exchange processes is the ground surface Neo Geographia (ISSN-2319 – 5118) Vol. II., Issue. I, January 2013 2 _____________________________________________________________________________________ temperature (GST), which is transmitted into to better understand the contribution of subsurface temperatures through topography, permafrost and snow to the water discharge in surface characteristics and ground thermal the Aksu catchment and the Central Tian Shan. properties. The presence of frozen ground, both seasonally and perennially, in turn influences the Study area ecological site conditions depending on its local The Tian Shan, situated in Central Asia, characteristics. extends some 2,500 km from east to west. It is The variation of frozen soil depth is closely one of the highest mountain ranges in the world related to varying air temperature and solar and can be divided into a Western, Inner, radiation. At present, these relationships are Northern, Central and Eastern Tian Shan. quite well understood in polar lowlands (e.g. Maximum altitudes range from more than 7,000 Washburn 1979, Williams & Smith 1989, m a.s.l. in the Central Tian Shan to about 6,000 French 1996), while still little is known about m a.s.l. in the Inner and 5,000 m a.s.l. in the the function of correspondent processes under other parts of the Tian Shan, respectively.