Federal Republic of Nigeria Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) DRAFT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized For THE RECLAMATION, CHANNELLING AND REMEDIATION WORKS AT AMBROSE ALLI UNIVERSITY FLOOD AND EROSION GULLY SITE, ESAN WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE NIGERIA EROSION AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT (NEWMAP) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized State Project Management Unit (SPMU) Palm House, Benin City, Edo State December, 2018 Draft Report of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page I Table of Contents Ii List of Tables Iv List of Figures V List of Plates Vi List of Abbreviations and Acronyms Vii Executive Summary x Chapter One: Introduction 1-1 1.1 Project Background 1-1 1.1.1 Description of the Ambrose Alli University (AAU) Gully Erosion intervention Site 1-3 1.2. Rationale for the ESMP 1-8 1.3 Scope of the work 1-9 1.4 Approach and Methodology 1-10 1.5 Map of the Project Area 1-11 1.6 Summary of the Report 1-11 Chapter Two: Institutional and Legal Framework for Environmental Management 2-12 2.1 World Bank Safeguards Policies triggered by NEWMAP and the proposed activity 2-12 2.1.1 Relations between World Bank Safeguards Policies and Extant Laws in Nigeria 2-15 2.2 Relevant Federal and Local Policy, Legal, Regulatory, and Administrative 2-17 Frameworks 2.2.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment 2-18 2.2.2 The National Policy on Environment (NPE) of 1989 2-18 2.2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Act No. 86, 1992 (FMEnv) 2-19 2.2.4 The National Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in 2-19 Nigeria 2.2.5 The National Effluents Limitations Regulation 2-19 2.2.6 The NEP (Pollution Abatement in Industries and Facilities Generating Waste) 2-20 Regulation 2.2.7 The Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Regulations 2-20 2.2.8 National Guidelines on Environmental Management Systems (1999) 2-20 2.2.9 National Guidelines for Environmental Audit 2-20 2.2.10 National Policy on Flood and Erosion Control 2006 (FMenv) 2-20 2.2.11 National Air Quality Standard Decree No. 59 of 1991 2-21 2.2.12 The National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency Act 2-21 2007 (NESREA Act) 2.2.13 The National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency Act 2005 (NOSDRA ACT) 2-21 2..3 Other Relevant Acts and Legislations at the Federal Level 2-21 2.3.1 Land use Act of 1978 2-21 2.3.2 Forestry Act of 1958 and National Agricultural Policy of 1988 2-22 2.3.3 Criminal Code 2-23 2.3.4 Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) of 1997 2-23 2.4 Legislations at the State Level 2-24 2.4.1 Edo State Legislations 2-24 2.4.2 Edo State Ministry of Environment and Public Utilities (EDSMEPU) 2-25 2.4.3 Edo State Waste Management Board (EDSWMB) 2-25 2.4.4 Edo State Ministry of Land, Housing & Survey 2-26 2.4.5 Edo State Ministry of Energy and Water Resources 2-26 2.4.6 Edo State Ministry of Local Government Regulations 2-26 2.5 International Conventions and Agreements 2-27 2.6 Institutional Framework 2-27 Chapter Three: Biophysical Environment 3-29 3.1 Description of the Area of Influence, Ambrose Alli University 3-29 NEWMAP AAU ESMP ii Draft Report of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 3.2 Assessment of Baseline Conditions 3-33 3.2.1 Meteorology, Air Quality and Noise 3-33 3.2.2 Soil and Land use 3-38 3.2.3 Geology 3-44 3.2.4 Surface Water Studies 3-46 3.2.4.1 Surface Water Quality 3-46 3.3.4.2 Aquatic Ecology 3-58 3.2.5 Vegetation 3-58 3.2.6 Biodiversity/Wildlife 3-63 Chapter Four: Socio-Economic Characteristics and Consultation with Stakeholders 4-72 4.1 Background 4-72 4.2 Population Characteristics of the Proposed Project Area 4-71 4.3 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of AAU Community 4-72 4.4 Discussion of Project Alternatives 4-82 Chapter Five - Assessment of Potential Adverse Impacts and Analysis of Alternatives 5-88 5.1 Methods and techniques used in assessing and analyzing the environmental and 5-88 social impacts of the proposed project 5.1.1 Evaluation of Impact Significance and Magnitude 5-88 5.2 Discussion of the potentially significant adverse environmental and social impacts of 5-90 the proposed intervention 5.2.1 Impact Indicators 5-90 5.2.2 Potential Impacts 5-91 5.2.3 Description of Potential Impacts 5-93 5.3 Discussion of Project Alternatives 5-95 Chapter 6 - Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 6-97 6.1 Proposed Mitigation Measures 6-97 6.1.1 Description of Mitigation Measures 6-100 6.2 Capacity Building Plan (Training and Awareness) 6-114 6.3 Public Consultation Plan 6-115 6.4 Labour influx and Gender Based –Violence (GBV) 6-115 6.4.1 Labour influx 6-115 6.4.2 Gender Based Violence 6-117 6.4.3 Description of Grievance Mechanism 6-118 6.5 Environmental and Social Management, Monitoring and Evaluation Plan 6-118 6.5.1 Environmental Management System 6-120 6.5.2 Monitoring and Auditing Plans 6-121 6.6 Maintenance Procedures 6-130 6.7 Decommissioning and Abandonment 6-130 6.8 Frame work for Implementation of the ESMP 6-131 6.8.1 Institutional Arrangements, Responsibilities and Accountabilities 6-131 6.8.1.1 Pre-construction Phase 6-131 6.8.1.2 Construction Phase 6-132 6.8.1.3 Operational and Maintenance Phase 6-134 6.8.2 Assessment and Improvement 6-137 6.8.3 Reporting Requirements 6-138 6.8.4 Training/Capacity Building 6-139 6.8.5 Budget 6-140 6.8.6 ESMP Disclosures 6-140 Chapter 7: Summary Recommendations And Conclusion 7-141 Annexures An-1 NEWMAP AAU ESMP iii Draft Report of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) List of Tables 2.1 Safeguard Policies Triggered by AAU Project 2-12 3.1 Summary of average Temperature and Precipitation in Benin City, 2016 3-34 3.2 Monitoring Sites for Meteorology (Nov 2017) 3-35 3.3a Air Pollutants/Noise Levels (Nov 2017) 3-37 3.3b Noise Pollutants/Noise Levels (Nov 2017) 3-38 3.4 Nigerian Ambient Air Quality Standard 3-39 3.5 World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for Maximum Exposure to the major 3-41 pollutants and some possible effects if these recommendations are exceeded. 3.6 Natural Atmospheric Concentration of Some Greenhouse gases 3-45 3.7a Summary of Physico-chemical characteristics of Ibiekuma River and Treated Reservoir 3-47 water, AAU Site (November 2017) 3.7b Summary of microbiological characteristics of Ibiekuma River, Reservoir and Treated 3-48 Water AAU Site (November 2017) 3.8a Summary of the characteristics of sediment samples from the study area 3-49 3.8b Microbiological analysis of Sediment, AAU Site 3-50 3.9 The Composition, density and distribution of Phytoplankton in Ibiekuma River, AAU 3-51 Gully Erosion Site, November 2017 3.10 The Composition, density and distribution of zooplankton in Ibiekuma River, AAU Gully 3-53 Erosion Site, November, 2017 3.11 The Composition, density and distribution of Macrobenthic Fauna in Ibiekuma River, 3-56 AAU Gully Erosion Site, November 2017 3.12 Plant Species Composition, Habit and Utility within the Study Area. 3-60 3.13 The Checklist of the fauna of the project site, indicating the abundance and conservation 3-65 status 3.14 The composition, density and distribution of zooplankton in Ibiekuma River, AAU Gully 3- Erosion Site, November 2017 3.15 The composition, density and distribution of Macrobenthic Fauna in Ibiekuma River, 3-30 AAU Gully Erosion Site, November 2017 3.16 Plant Species Composition, Habit and Utility within the Study Area. 3-34 3.17 The checklist of the fauna of the project site, indicating the abundance and conservation 3-39 status 5.1 Environmental components and potential Impact Indicators 5-90 5.2 Potential Adverse Impacts during Different Project Phases 5-92 6.1 Mitigation measures for identified associated and potential impacts of the NEWMAP 6-96 gully intervention project in AAU 6.2 Waste management guidelines for NEWMAP gully erosion intervention project in AAU 6-111 6.3 Environmental and social Management Plan for the Proposed AAU gully intervention 6-123 project 6.4 Training Plan 6-139 NEWMAP AAU ESMP iv Draft Report of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) List of Figures 1.1 Catchment areas at Ambrose Alli University 1-5 1.2 Layout of proposed intervention at AAU gully erosion site 1-7 1.3a Imagery of the Ambrose Alli Erosion Gully Site showing the sampling points 1-12 1.3b 3D Contour Imagery of the Ambrose Alli Erosion Gully Site showing the sampling points 1-13 3.1 General meteorological parameters of Benin City from 1996 – 2015 (NASA SSE) 3-34 3.2 Wind Rose for the project area and its receiving Environment 3-36 3.3 Rainfall mm) Distribution Pattern for Benin (Source NIMET,2015) (20 years Average; 3-37 1994-2014) 3.4 Geological Map of Ekpoma and Environs (after NGSA, 1974) 3-44 3.5 Gullied section and geologic log of the Ameki Formation at the lower reaches of the AAU 3-46 gully site. 3.6 Contributions of phytoplankton divisions to the total density 3-52 3.7 Contributions of zooplankton taxonomic groups to the total density.