Stony Stratford Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Stony Stratford Historic Town Assessment Report Draft Ruins of St Mary Magdalene Church, Stony Stratford Stony Stratford Historic Town Assessment Draft Report Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 I DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ............................................................................................ 7 1.2 Aims ......................................................................................................................................... 7 2 Setting ............................................................................................................................................. 12 2.1 Location, Topography & Geology .......................................................................................... 12 2.2 Wider Landscape ................................................................................................................... 12 3 Evidence.......................................................................................................................................... 16 3.1 Historic Maps.......................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 Documentary Evidence .......................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Built Heritage.......................................................................................................................... 16 3.4 Archaeological Evidence........................................................................................................ 18 3.5 Environmental Evidence ........................................................................................................ 21 4 Archaeological & Historical Development................................................................................... 25 4.1 Prehistoric period (c.10,000 BC – AD 43).............................................................................. 25 4.2 Roman synthesis and components (AD 43 – 410) ................................................................ 25 4.3 Saxon synthesis and components (AD 410 – 1066).............................................................. 29 4.4 Medieval synthesis and components (AD 1066 – 1536) ....................................................... 31 4.5 Post medieval synthesis and components (1536-1800) ........................................................ 38 4.6 Modern synthesis and components (1800-Present) .............................................................. 44 5 Historic Urban Zones..................................................................................................................... 50 5.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 50 5.2 Historic Urban Zones ............................................................................................................. 50 5.3 Archaeological Assessment................................................................................................... 50 5.4 Heritage Values...................................................................................................................... 52 5.5 Historic Settlement ................................................................................................................. 55 5.6 Modern Settlement................................................................................................................. 62 II ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 66 6 Designations................................................................................................................................... 66 6.1 Conservation Areas (CA) ....................................................................................................... 67 6.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 67 6.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 67 6.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 67 7 Summary and Potential ................................................................................................................. 67 7.1 Character................................................................................................................................ 67 7.2 Archaeological Potential......................................................................................................... 67 8 Management Recommendations .................................................................................................. 68 8.1 Conservation Area Appraisals................................................................................................ 68 8.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 68 8.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 68 8.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 68 8.5 Listed Buildings ........................................................................Error! 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III RESEARCH AGENDA.................................................................................................................69 9 Research Agenda ........................................................................................................................... 69 10 Addresses ................................................................................................................................... 72 1 Appendix: Chronology & Glossary of Terms .............................................................................. 73 1.1 Chronology (taken from Unlocking Buckinghamshire’s Past Website).................................. 73 1.2 Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................................. 73 2 Appendix: HER Records................................................................................................................ 75 2.1 Monuments HER Report........................................................................................................ 75 2.2 Find Spots .............................................................................................................................. 76 2.3 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 77 3 Appendix: Trade Listings and Population Data .......................................................................... 82 4 Appendix: Historical Consultancy Report................................................................................... 84 2 Stony Stratford Historic Town Assessment Draft Report List of Illustrations Figure 1: Urban Character Zones for Stony Stratford ............................................................................... 5 Figure 2: Stony Stratford in location .......................................................................................................... 8 Figure 3: Geology of town (BGS) .............................................................................................................. 9 Figure 4: Diagram of Connections from Stony Stratford (representational only) .................................... 10 Figure 5: Town in the wider historic landscape using routes and Bucks HLC ........................................ 11 Figure 6: Dispersed settlement around Stony Stratford .......................................................................... 13 Figure 7: Town in the 1880s to 1920s ..................................................................................................... 14 Figure 8: Town in the post war to modern period.................................................................................... 15 Figure 9: Listed Buildings by century ...................................................................................................... 17 Figure 10: Historic maps:......................................................................................................................... 22 Figure 11: Image of Listed Buildings by century. .................................................................................... 23 Figure 12: Location and extent of events within the town ....................................................................... 24 Figure 13: Prehistoric evidence............................................................................................................... 27 Figure 14: HER records for the Roman period.......................................................................................