GJMC S3 02 (M) Traditional Folk Media SEMESTER - III JOURNALISM AND MASS COMMUNICATION BLOCK - 2 KRISHNA KANTA HANDIQUI STATE OPEN UNIVERSITY Traditional Folk Media (Block-2) 109 Subject Experts 1. Professor K.V Nagaraj, Department of Mass Communication, Mizoram University 2. Professor Abhijit Bora, Head, Department of Mass Communication & Journalism, Tezpur University 3. Dr. Ankuran Dutta, Associate Professor & Head, Department of Communication & Journalism, Gauhati University 4. Dr. Kh. Kabi, Associate Professor & Head, Department of Mass Communication, Rajiv Gandhi University , Arunachal Pradesh Course Co-ordinators : Dr. Trisha Dowerah Baruah & Dr. Juri Hazarika, Bhupen Hazarika School of Mass Communication, KKHSOU SLM Preparation Team UNITS CONTRIBUTORS 8 Dr. Rashmi Sarmah, Media Researcher and Child Rights Activist 9 Kaushik Bhuyan 10 Lt. Dr. Anamika Ray , Gauhati University 11,14,15 Dr. Machunwangliu Kamei , University of the People Pasadena , CA, USA 12-13 Dr. Machunwangliu Kamei & Dr. Trisha Dowerah Baruah Editorial Team Content : Prof. K.V Nagaraj, Department of Mass Communication, Mizoram University Language : Dr. Trisha Dowerah Baruah Structure, Format & Graphics : Dr. Trisha Dowerah Baruah First Edition : May, 2018 This Self Learning Material (SLM) of the Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License (international): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Printed and published by Registrar on behalf of Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University. Headquarter : Patgaon, Rani Gate, Guwahati - 781017 City Office : Housefed Complex, Dispur, Guwahati-781006; Web: www.kkhsou.in The University acknowledges with thanks the financial support provided by the Distance Education Bureau, UGC for the preparation of this study material. 110 Traditional Folk Media (Block-2) DETAILED SYLLABUS BACHELOR OF ARTS JOURNALISM AND MASS COMMUNICATION SEMESTER - III BLOCK - 2 TRADITIONAL FOLK MEDIA Unit – 8: STUDIES IN FOLKLORE Pages : 115-132 Folklore Research in India- Indian folklore scenario, Research work in India, Importance of Folklore Research – Components of folklore, folklore research- how it helps?, Review of studies on folklore – significance of the studies of the different folklores- review works, Significance of the reviews of folklore Unit – 9 : POPULAR FORMS OF TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATION IN ASSAM Pages : 133-149 Traditional folk forms in Assam – Bihu, Ainaam, Lullabies, Ojapali, Sattriya, Bhaona, Borgeet, Lokageet Unit – 10: DR. BHUPEN HAZARIKA’S CONTRIBUTION TO FOLK MEDIA Pages : 150-160 Dr. Bhupen Hazarika as Mass Communicator, Dr. Bhupen Hazarika’s contribution to folk media Unit- 11: FOLK MEDIA AND SCIENTIFIC TEMPERAMENT Pages : 161-173 Folk media and scientific temperament, Problems in folk media communication, Use of folk media by cultural organizations and state governments Unit- 12: FOLK MEDIA AND HEALTH COMMUNICATION Pages : 174-189 Folk media and health communication : need and scope, case studies, the utilitarian aspects Unit – 13: ROLE OF UNESCO IN SUSTAINING FOLK MEDIA Pages : 190-207 UNESCO’s efforts to sustain folk media in developing countries, Folk media in South Asia Unit – 14: CONTRIBUTION OF EMINENT PERSONS TO FOLK MEDIA Pages : 208-221 COMMUNICATION Contribution of eminent persons to folk media communication : Gloria Feliciano, Vimal Dissanayake, Shyam Parmar, H.K Ranganath Unit – 15: FOLK MEDIA Vs MASS MEDIA Pages : 222-233 Traditional FolkFolk Media media (Block-2) Vs mass media, Future of folk media in India and 111 Assam – suggested measures BLOCK INTRODUCTION: This is the second block of the course on ‘Traditional Folk Media’. A brief over view of the eight units of the first block has been given below- Unit – 8: STUDIES IN FOLKLORE This is the eight unit of the course on ‘Traditional Folk Media’. In this unit, you will be given a brief overview of the Indian folklore scenario with special focus on tales from Panchatantra, Hitopadesha, Jataka and Kathasaritasagara. The unit will also talk about the amount of research work conducted during different periods of time as well as the different components of folklore. In other words, you will get an idea of review of studies on folklore and their significance. Unit – 9: POPULAR FORMS OF TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATION IN ASSAM In this unit, you will know in detail about the different traditional folk forms in Assam like Bihu, Ainaam, Lullabies, Ojapali, Sattriya, Bhaona, Borgeet and Lokageet. By going through the folk forms you will be able to appreciate the role of folk media in preserving the cultural identity of Assam. Unit – 10: DR. BHUPEN HAZARIKA’S CONTRIBUTION TO FOLK MEDIA This is the tenth unit of the course. In this unit, you will be able to explain the role of Dr. Bhupen Hazarika as a mass communicator and analyse his contribution towards the growth of folk media in Assam. Unit- 11 : FOLK MEDIA AND SCIENTIFIC TEMPERAMENT This unit will discuss on how folk media helps in enhancing scientific temperament, problems usually encountered in folk media communication, use of folk media bu cultural organizations and state governments Unit- 12 : FOLK MEDIA AND HEALTH COMMUNICATION This unit will throw light on how traditional folk media serves as a medium for promotion of health communication. A few case studies have been highlighted in order to substantiate the fact that folk media is used on a wide scale the world over for health communication. Unit – 13 : ROLE OF UNESCO IN SUSTAINING FOLK MEDIA In this unit, emphasis has been given on the role of UNESCO in sustaining folk media in developing countries of the world. A brief overview of some of the different folk forms of South Asian countries have been analysed in order to understand what role the different forms of folk media play in the society. Unit – 14: CONTRIBUTION OF EMINENT PERSONS TO FOLK MEDIA COMMUNICATION This unit will concentrate on the contribution of eminent persons like Gloria Feliciano, Wimal Dissanayake, Shyam Parmar and H.K Ranganath to folk media communication. In fact, this unit will focus on how their contributions have enriched the value of traditional folk media in the society. 112 Traditional Folk Media (Block-2) Unit -15 : FOLK MEDIA Vs MASS MEDIA This particular unit will look into the advantages and disadvantages of folk media over mass media and vice versa. We shall also discuss about what steps should be taken to revive some of the important folk forms of India in general and of Assam in particular. While going through this course, you will come across some along-side boxes, which are put on the left side or right side of the text. These boxes will explain to you the meaning of some words and concepts within the text. Apart from this, there will be some broad and short questions which have been included under ‘Activity’ and ‘Check Your Progress’ section in every unit. ‘Activities’ will increase your thinking capacity because questions put under ‘Activity’ section are not directly derived from text. Answers to the short questions have been put under section ‘Answers to Check Your Progress’. Besides, a few text-related questions have been put under the section ‘Model Questions’. These questions will help to draw your attention on the probable topics for the examination so that you can prepare for the examination with confidence. Traditional Folk Media (Block-2) 113 114 Traditional Folk Media (Block-2) UNIT 8 : STUDIES IN FOLKLORE UNIT STRUCTURE 8.1 Learning Objectives 8.2 Introduction 8.3 Folklore Research in India 8.3.1 Indian folklore scenario 8.3.2 Research work in India 8.4 Importance of Folklore Research 8.4.1 Components of Folklore 8.4.2 Folklore Research- how it helps? 8.5 Review of studies on Folklore- significance of the studies of the different folklores 8.5.1 Review works 8.5.2 Significance of the reviews of folklore 8.6 Let us Sum up 8.7 Further Reading 8.8 Answers to Check Your Progress 8.9 Model Questions 8.1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this unit you will be able to- l discuss about folklore research in India l understand the importance of folklore research l get an idea of review of studies on folklore and their significance 8.2 INTRODUCTION Folklore studies is an interesting field that not only gives us a glimpse of our culture and its diversity, but also takes us into a world of indisputable wisdom and diverse forms of creative arts and literature both oral and written, which reflect human life and its amazing facets. This makes research in Folklore all the more essential. The review of works on Folklore also holds a strong place in understanding the forms better. The unit gives an idea of the above mentioned areas. Traditional Folk Media (Block-2) 115 Unit - 8 Studies in Folklore 8.3 FOLKLORE RESEARCH IN INDIA 8.3.1 Indian folklore scenario Folklore encompasses entire body of social traditions that is transmitted either orally or symbolically through various forms like folktales, proverbs, riddles, songs, ballads or fine arts. The treasure of folktales is found both, in local languages and in Sanskrit. Tales from Panchatantra, Hitopadesha, Jataka or Kathasaritasagara have remained in our culture through generations till date and have also gained popularity abroad as translations. Oral traditions still flourish in the Indian subcontinent and India leads the world in folklore heritage attracting many western scholars even today for study and research. The Jataka Tales are one of the greatest instances of folk literature in India from 300 BC, originally created in Pali. These stories are associated with teachings of Lord Buddha. He told these in story form in his different incarnations both as human and animals. These tales are of secular nature and give vivid picture of Indian culture, imbibe values of self sacrifice and honesty and give knowledge. Panchatantra, a collection of traditional tales by Vishnu Sharma in the second century BC, were written to impart moral values and governing skills to sons of Kings in Sanskrit using verse and prose.