Stratigraphical interpretations of Chalk Group macrofossils from Sheet 254 (Henley-on-Thames): Autumn 2013 Geology and Landscape England Programme Open Report OR/14/009 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEOLOGY AND LANDSCAPE ENGLAND PROGRAMME OPEN REPORT OR/14/009 Stratigraphical interpretations of Chalk Group macrofossils from Sheet 254 (Henley-on-Thames): Autumn 2013 The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data © Crown Copyright and database rights 2014. Ordnance Survey Licence M A Woods No. 100021290. Keywords Macrofossils, Chalk Group, Correlation, Turonian, Coniacian, Lithostratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, Chronostratigraphy. Map Sheet 254, 1:50 000 scale, Henley-on-Thames Bibliographical reference WOODS, M A. 2014. Stratigraphical interpretations of Chalk Group macrofossils from Sheet 254 ( Henley-on-Thames): Autumn 2013 . British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/14/009. 22pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. Maps and diagrams in this book use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping. © NERC 2014. 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It was produced in connection with a programme of strategic survey of the Chalk Group of the Chilterns, on the northern flank of the Thames Basin. This survey work is a requirement of a related project which will enable detailed structural and facies modelling of the Chalk, both at outcrop and in the subsurface. Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................................................... i Contents ........................................................................................................................................... i Summary ........................................................................................................................................ ii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 2 Stratigraphy ............................................................................................................................ 1 Appendix 1 – author citations for fossil species .................................................................. 15 References .................................................................................................................................... 16 FIGURES Figure 1. The Chalk succession at (7) of report [SU 65600 89175], showing horizon details of collected material. TABLES Table 1. The stratigraphy of the Chalk Group referred to in this report (not to scale). i OR/14/009; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2014/03/28 11:12 Summary This report describes interpretations of Chalk macrofossils for 49 localities in the Henley-on- Thames district (Sheet 254). The lithostratigraphical units identified comprise: Holywell Nodular Chalk, New Pit Chalk, Lewes Nodular Chalk and Seaford Chalk Formation, spanning the Turonian and Coniacian stages and Mytiloides spp., Terebratulina lata, Plesiocorys (Sternotaxis) plana, Micraster cortestudinarium and lower Micraster coranguinum biozones. This work is in connection with a strategic survey of Chalk Group lithostratigraphy on the northern flank of the Thames Basin, to permit high-resolution facies modelling of the Chalk of southern England. ii OR/14/009; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2014/03/28 11:12 1 Introduction This report provides stratigraphical interpretations for Chalk Group macrofossils collected from 49 localities by MAW and A R Farrant in Autumn 2013. This work is in connection with the current strategic revision of Chalk Group lithostratigraphy of the Chilterns, on the northern flank of the Thames Basin. Localities described in this report relate wholly to the Henley-on-Thames 1:50 000 geological sheet (Sheet 254). The stratigraphy referred to in this report is shown in Table 1. Author citations for fossil species are listed in Appendix A. 2 Stratigraphy Localities from which Chalk group macrofossils were collected, and their stratigraphical interpretations, are described below. (1) Old chalk pit 430 m ENE of Homer Farm, south of Nuffield, Oxfordshire. Specimen nos: WMD 16635 – 16639 1:10 000 SU68NE NGR: SU 66649 85892 The locality was also visited and collected in 2011 (WMD 15411 – 15433). The fauna includes the bivalves Platyceramus and ?Volviceramus involutus (right valve fragment), and a cidarid echinoid spine fragment. The fauna occurs in soft and locally hard, nodular, sponge-bearing chalk. Conclusion: White Chalk Subgroup, ?lower Seaford Chalk Formation; ?Coniacian, ?lower M. coranguinum Zone. A fauna suggestive of the mid to upper Seaford Chalk Formation was collected from a nearby locality by MAW in 2011 [SU 66125 85756]. (2) Old chalk pit adjacent to South Oxfordshire Way, 360 m NW of Watlington Hill farm, near Christmas Common, Oxfordshire. Specimen nos: WMD 16640 – 16644 1:10 000 SU79SW NGR: SU 71190 93781 The fauna includes a cidarid echinoid spine fragment, the sponge Porosphaera and the bivalve Cremnoceramus?. The succession from which the material was collected comprises bands of hard, nodular, sponge-bearing chalk, and horizons of softer chalk, with carious nodular flints. Conclusion: White Chalk Subgroup, ?upper Lewes Nodular Chalk; ?Coniacian, ?upper M. cortestudinarium Zone. (3) Old chalk pit SW of Hammond's Wood and c. 200 m North of A4074, just north of Woodcote, Oxfordshire. Specimen nos: WMD 16645 – 16654; 16673 – 16678; 16826 – 16828 1:10 000 SU68SW NGR: SU 64389 82952 The fauna is as follows: 1 OR/14/009; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2014/03/28 11:12 Bivalvia: ?Cremnoceramus denselamellatus Cremnoceramus ex gr. waltersdorfensis Echinoidea: Micraster? (test fragments) ?Plesiocorys placenta Plesiocorys? (test fragments) Ichnofossils: Zoophycos (in marl preservation) Most of the material was collected from distinctly soft chalk with Zoophycos. The section also includes patchily hard, iron-stained, sponge-rich chalk, thin, anastomosing sheet flints, highly carious nodular flints and hollow-centred tubular flints. Interpretation: The association of the above fauna with soft chalk containing marl-preserved Zoophycos suggests the equivalent of the Cuilfail Zoophycos in the upper P. (S.) plana Zone. Conclusion: White Chalk Subgroup, mid Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation; late Turonian, upper P. (S.) plana Zone. (4) Old chalk pit near Hammond's End, just north of road to Checkendon, and c. 100 m NW of Wheeler's Farm, near Woodcote, Oxfordshire. Specimen nos: WMD 16655 – 16659 1:10 000 SU68SE NGR: SU 65495 83854 The fauna, includes a shell fragment of the bivalve Cremnoceramus? and the echinoid Micraster sp. (in patchily hard chalk). Conclusion: White Chalk Subgroup, ?upper Lewes Nodular Chalk; ?Coniacian, ?M. cortestudinarium Zone. (5) Old chalk pit 270 m WNW of Wheeler's Farm, north of Woodcote, Oxfordshire. Specimen nos: WMD 16660 – 16672 1:10 000 SU68SE NGR: SU 65287 83861