INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX Strategic Environmental Assessment Environmental Report (ex art. 13 leg. decree 152/2006) January 2016 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE DEF Environmental Report Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION: ...............................................................................................................1 1.1 .. SUMMARY ILLUSTRATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT (ER) ....................................................... 1 1.2 .. FINDING CONTENTS OF ANNEX V) TO THE LEG. DECREE 152/2006 IN THIS ER ....................................... 2 2 THE SEA PROCESS IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX .........................................................4 2.1 .. REGULATORY REFERENCES FOR SEA AND VINCA ............................................................................. 4 2.2 .. CONTRIBUTIONS PROVIDED BY SUBJECTS WITH COMPETENCE ON THE ENVIRONMENT (SCA) DURING THE PRELIMINARY CONSULTATION PHASE. ............................................................................................ 5 3 ILLUSTRATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX .................................................................. 23 3.1 .. NATURE OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX IN THE FRAMEWORK OF A DEVELOPING PROGRAMME ............... 23 3.2 .. THE CONTENTS OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE ECONOMIC AND FINANCE DOCUMENT 2015 ........ 24 4 THE ADOPTED ASSESSMENT MODEL .............................................................................. 27 4.1 .. MAIN METHODOLOGICAL REFERENCES .......................................................................................... 27 4.2 .. COMPLEXITY FACTORS IN THE AI ASSESSMENT AND RELATIVE MANAGEMENT BY IDENTIFYING THE “FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF INTERVENTION". ........................................................................................................ 28 4.3 .. INTEGRATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC-SOCIAL PARTS OF THE ASSESSMENT, ALSO WITH THE VERIFICATION VALUE OF EX ANTE CONDITIONALITY (ART. 10 REG. EU NR 1315/2013) ........................... 32 4.4 .. AN ARGUMENTATIVE APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT (EXPLAINING THE FIGURES) AS A GUARANTEE OF TRANSPARENCY AND A CONDITION FOR ASSESSING CUMULATED IMPACTS. ............................................ 34 4.5 .. VERTICAL INTEGRATION BETWEEN ASSESSMENTS (TIERING): THE ENVIRONMENTAL AGENDA FOR THE FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF INTERVENTION OF THE AI ........................................................................... 35 4.6 .. THE ASSESSMENT TOOLS AND THEIR CONSTRUCTION ........................................................................ 36 5 CURRENT STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................ 43 5.1 .. AN EXAMINATION ORGANISED ACCORDING TO SIX ENVIRONMENTAL MACRO-COMPONENTS ..................... 43 5.2 .. MACRO-COMPONENT 1. AIR QUALITY, ENERGY SAVING AND CLIMATE-ALTERING GASES .......................... 45 5.3 .. MACRO-COMPONENT 2. RESISTANCE TO CHANGE AND OTHER HAZARDS, HYDROGEOLOGICAL RISK ............ 49 5.4 .. MACRO-COMPONENT 3. BIODIVERSITY, INCLUDING MARINE BIODIVERSITY ........................................... 56 i STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE DEF Environmental Report 5.5 .. MACRO-COMPONENT 4. SUBSOIL EROSION, WITHDRAWAL OF RESOURCES AND WASTE PRODUCTION ......... 61 5.6 .. MACRO-COMPONENT 5. LANDSCAPE, CULTURAL ASSETS, GEOSITES .................................................... 67 5.7 .. MACRO-COMPONENT 6. POPULATION, HUMAN HEALTH, QUALITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT.............. 73 6 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND TRANSPORT POLICY OBJECTIVES ESTABLISHED AT INTERNATIONAL, EU OR NATIONAL LEVELS AND THEIR INTEGRATION IN THE AI ............ 79 6.1 .. AN EXTERNAL COHERENCE ANALYSIS INTRINSIC TO THE IMPACT ASSESSMENT MATRIX .............................. 79 6.2 .. OAS 1. INCREASING AIR QUALITY AND ENERGY SAVINGS AND REDUCING CLIMATE ALTERING GASES; ........... 80 6.3 .. OAS 2 INCREASE RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND OTHER DISASTERS, INCLUDING REDUCING HYDROGEOLOGICAL RISK ............................................................................................................ 82 6.4 .. OAS 3 PROTECTING NATURAL AREAS AND BIODIVERSITY, INCLUDING MARINE BIODIVERSITY; ................... 84 6.5 .. OAS 4 REDUCING SOIL EROSION, DEPLETION OF RESOURCES AND WASTE PRODUCTION; ......................... 87 6.6 .. OAS 5 PROTECTING THE LANDSCAPE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE; ......................................................... 88 6.7 .. OAS 6 IMPROVING THE LIVING CONDITIONS AND HEALTH OF THE POPULATION, INCLUDING BY INCREASING THE QUALITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT. ....................................................................................... 88 6.8 .. OES: THE EX ANTE CONDITIONS FOR THE AI SUCH AS THE ECONOMIC-SOCIAL OBJECTIVES AND THE REFERENCE TRANSPORT OBJECTIVES FOR THE ASSESSMENT ............................................................................... 89 7 POSSIBLE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS OF THE AI ..................................................................... 93 7.1 .. ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF THE AI ON THE PURSUIT OF ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES (ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPATIBILITY) .............................................................................................. 93 7.2 .. ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF THE AI ON THE PURSUIT OF ECONOMIC-SOCIAL AND TRANSPORT OBJECTIVES (ECONOMIC-SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF COMPATIBILITY) ................................................................... 101 7.3 .. BALANCE OF THE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS OF THE AI ON THE SYSTEM OF REFERENCE OBJECTIVES FOR THE ASSESSMENT (ANALYSIS OF OVERALL STRATEGIC VALUE) ................................................................. 111 7.4 .. COMPLIANCE WITH EX ANTE CONDITIONALITIES (ART. 10. REG. 1315/2013) ..................................... 112 7.5 .. ASSESSMENT MATRIX ............................................................................................................. 115 8 ACCOMPANYING MEASURES: ORGANIC REPERTOIRE OF INDICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL AGENDAS OF FUNCTIONAL AREAS ................................................... 121 8.1 .. A REPERTOIRE TO SUPPORT COMPILATION OF THE ASSESSMENT DOSSIERS .......................................... 121 8.2 .. OAS 1 INCREASE AIR QUALITY, ENERGY CONSERVATION AND REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GASES............ 123 ii STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE DEF Environmental Report 8.3 .. OAS 2 INCREASE RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND OTHER DISASTERS, INCLUDING REDUCING HYDROGEOLOGICAL RISK .......................................................................................................... 124 8.4 .. OAS 3 PROTECT NATURAL AREAS AND BIODIVERSITY, INCLUDING MARINE BIODIVERSITY ....................... 128 8.5 .. OAS 4 REDUCE SUBSOIL EROSION, WITHDRAWAL OF RESOURCES AND WASTE PRODUCTION ................... 134 8.6 .. OAS 5 PROTECT LANDSCAPE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE .................................................................. 137 8.7 .. 6 OAS IMPROVE THE CONDITIONS OF THE POPULATION AND ITS RELATIVE HEALTH, ALSO INCREASING THE QUALITY OF THE URBAN ATMOSPHERE. ....................................................................................... 140 9 MONITORING SYSTEM .................................................................................................. 150 9.1 .. OBJECTIVES AND PECULIARITIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX............. 150 9.2 .. CORRELATED MONITORING PLANS ............................................................................................. 151 9.3 .. GENERAL STRUCTURE AND INDICATIONS ..................................................................................... 152 9.4 .. OPERATIONS AND MANAGERIAL ASPECTS OF PMA ........................................................................ 157 ANNEX 1: REGULATORY AND PROGRAMMATIC REFERENCES ........................................... 161 ANNEX 2: ASSESSMENT DOSSIERS OF FUNCTIONAL AREAS ............................................... 162 ANNEX 3: ASSESSMENT OF INCIDENCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX ON THE NATURE 2000 SITE............................................................................................................................... 163 iii STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE DEF Environmental Report List of acronyms used HC High Capacity (railway) AdSP Port System Authority AF Functional Areas of Intervention AI Infrastructure Annex to the Economic and Finance Document (DEF) 2015 ANAS National Autonomous Roads Company HS High Speed (railway) CdP Programme Contract CF Cohesion Fund CEF Connecting Europe Facility (Reg. (EU) N. 1316/2013) CIS Institutional Development Contracts DEF Economic and Finance Document ERTMS European Rail Traffic Management System MATTM Ministry for the Environment and the Protection of Land and Sea MIT Ministry of Infrastructures and Transport PSNPL National Strategic Plan for Portuality and Logistics PON National Operating Programme RFI Italian Railway Network (Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane Group) RPA Preliminary Environmental Report (or Scoping Report) 1 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE DEF Environmental Report 2 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ANNEX TO THE DEF Environmental Report 1 Introduction: 1.1 Summary illustration of the Environmental Report (ER) As part of the SEA process, the Environmental Report (ER) is the key document that tells us about the execution of the environmental assessment