APPENDIX A Ecological Climate Zones Köppen group and types Ecoregion equivalents A Tropical and humid climates Humid tropical domain (400) Tropical wet (Ar) Rainforest division (420) Tropical wet–dry (Aw) Savanna division (410) B Dry climates Dry domain (300) Tropical/subtropical semiarid (BSh) Tropical/subtropical steppe division (310) Tropical/subtropical arid (BWh) Tropical/subtropical desert division (320) Temperate semiarid (BSk) Temperate steppe division (330) Temperate arid (BWk) Temperate desert division (340) C Subtropical climates Humid temperate domain (200) Subtropical dry summer (Cs) Mediterranean division (260) Humid subtropical (Cf) Subtropical division (230) Prairie division (250)a D Temperate climates Temperate oceanic (Do) Marine division (240) Temperate continental, warm summer (Dca) Hot continental division (220) Temperate continental, cool summer (Dcb) Prairie division (250)a Warm continental division (210) Prairie division (250)a E Boreal climates Polar domain (100) Subarctic (E) Subarctic division (130) F Polar climates Tundra (Ft) Tundra division (120) Ice Cap (Fi) Icecap division (110) Definitions and Boundaries of the Köppen–Trewartha System Ar All months above 18°C and no dry season Aw Same as Ar, but with 2 months dry in winter BSh Potential evaporation exceeds precipitation, and all months above 0°C BWh One-half the precipitation of BSh, and all months above 0°C BSk Same as BSh, but with at least 1 month below 0°C BWk Same as BWh, but with at least 1 month below 0°C Cs 8 months 10°C, coldest month below 18°C, and summer dry 159 160 Appendix A. Ecological Climate Zones Do 4–7 months above 10°C, coldest month above 0°C Dca 4–7 months above 10°C, coldest month below 0°C, and warmest month above 22°C Dcb Same as Dca, but warmest month below 22°C E Up to 3 months above 10°C Ft All months below 10°C Fi All months below 0°C A/C boundary ϭ equatorial limits of frost; in marine locations, the isotherm of 18°C for coolest month C/D boundary ϭ 8 months 10°C D/E boundary ϭ 4 months 10°C E/F boundary ϭ 10°C for warmest month B/A, B/C, B/D, B/E boundary ϭ potential evaporation equals precipitation. aKöppen did not recognize the Prairie as a distinct climatic type. The ecoregion classification system rep- resents it at the arid sides of the Cf, Dca, and Dcb types, following Borchert (1950). Source: Based on the Köppen (1931) system of classification, as modified by Trewartha (1968). APPENDIX B Climate Diagrams limate diagrams of representative climate stations (based on Wal- Cter and Lieth 1960–1967, Walter et al 1975). 161 162 163 164 Climate Diagrams 165 APPENDIX C Resource Guide his list is for information purposes only. Inclusion does not imply Tendorsement, nor is criticism implied of similar resources not mentioned. Organizations, periodicals, and other materials on sustainable design and ecoregions briefly mentioned in the text are listed below. Books and journal articles are listed separately in the Selected Bibliography. Ecoregions of the World. 1998. In: Microsoft® Encarta® Virtual Globe CD-ROM. 1998 ed. Redmond, WA: Microsoft. Rheingold, H. 1994. The Millennium Whole Earth Catalog. San Fran- cisco: Harper. 384 pp. This catalog is an evaluation and access tool. Their reviewers introduce books, magazines, tools, software, video- tapes and audiotapes, organizations, services, and ideas. There are numerous listings on sustainability. The listings are continually re- vised and updated by users and staff. The latest news and access is published in the bimonthly magazine Whole Earth. World ecoregions, types of natural landscapes. 2000. In: Hudson J.C; and Espenshade E.B. (eds.). Goodes World Atlas, 20th edn. Chicago: Rand McNally: 28–29. Scale ϭ 1:77,000,000. Peck, B. 2000. Guide to North American Meteorites [map]. Scale ϭ 1:5,000,000. meteoritemaps.com. Meteorites finds are plotted on a map showing ecoregion boundaries. Even though meteorites fall ran- domly across the globe, they are subjected to terrestrial forces that vary greatly with ecoregion. Thus, meteorite finds are not evenly distributed. Peterson FlashGuides™ Series 1996: Backyard Birds by Roger Tory Peterson, edited with text by Kevin J. Cook; Butterflies by Paul Opler 167 168 Appendix C. Resource Guide and Amy Bartlett Wright; Trees by George A. Tetrides, Olivia Petrides, and Janet Wehr. New York: Houghton Mifflin. Organized according to the U.S. Forest Service’s ecoregion for the United States and Canada. Federal Information Sources USDA Forest Service Ecoregion Studies Program at the Inventory & Monitoring Institute 2150 Centre Avenue, Bldg.A Fort Collins, CO 80526 (970) 295-5740 Guidance and resources for ecoregional-based planning and design. Nonprofit and Other Organizations Center for Maximum Potential Building Systems 86604 F.M. 969 Austin, TX 78724 (512) 928-4786 “Max’s Pot” has long been a leader in alternative building systems and materials research, the use of local materials, and advanced energy and wastewater system for buildings. International Institute for Bau-Biologies™ & Ecology, Inc. P.O. Box 387 Clearwater, FL 33757 (813) 461-4371 Offers information on “healthy homes,” including home-study courses, consulting, seminars, lectures, and design. Land Institute, The 2440 East Waterwell Road Salina, KS 67401 (913) 823-5376 Wes Jackson and colleagues perform innovative research intended to create a sustainable prairie agriculture based on native perennial species. Nonprofit and Other Organizations 169 Nature Conservancy, The 4245 North Fairfax Drive Suite 100 Arlington, VA 22203 (703) 841-5300 http://www.tnc.org The mission of The Nature Conservancy is to preserve the plants, an- imals, and natural communities that represent the diversity of life on Earth by protecting the lands and waters they need to survive. They work to accomplish this mission through ecoregion-based conserva- tion. Their journal Nature Conservancy is published bimonthly. Planet Drum Foundation P.O. Box 3121 San Francisco, CA 94131 (415) 285-6556 http://www.planetdrum.org Planet Drum was founded in 1973 to provide an effective grassroots approach to ecology that emphasizes sustainability, community self- determination, and regional self-reliance. In association with commu- nity activists and ecologists, Planet Drum developed the concept of bioregion: a distinct area with coherent and interconnected plant and animal communities, and natural systems, often defined by a water- shed. Activities include publishing, lectures, seminars, workshops, and networking. Rocky Mountain Institute 1739 Snowmass Creek Road Snowmass, CO 81654 (303) 927-3128 Conducts research and outreach programs to foster the efficient and sustainable use of resources. Wildlands Project, The 1955 W. Grant Road Suite 145 Tucson, AZ 85745 (520) 884-0875 http://www.twp.org This project is working on a long-term biodiversity and wilderness re- covery plan for North America. The quarterly journal Wild Earth is the publishing wing of the project. 170 Appendix C. Resource Guide Periodicals American Bungalow 123 S. Baldwin Avenue Sierra Madre, CA 91025 (626) 355-1651 Published four times a year. Features include articles on rehabbing a historic bungalow, mission furniture, bungalow gardening, Art and Crafts collectibles, and plans for new construction. Book reviews. Natural Home P.O. Box 552 Mt. Morris, IL 61054 (800) 340-5846 Published bimonthly by Interweave Press, this magazine publishes ar- ticles on earth-inspired living, including sustainable interior design, building, landscaping, and cooking. A list of native plant experts for each ecoregion is listed in the March/April 2001 issue on p. 76. Places, A Forum of Environmental Design P.O. Box 1897 Lawrence, KS 66044 (800) 627-0629 Published three times a year. A forum in which designers, public of- ficials, scholars and citizens can discuss issues vital to environmental design, with particular emphasis on public spaces in the service of the shared ideals of society. Plateau Journal Museum of Northern Arizona 3101 N. Fort Valley Road Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (520) 774-5211, ext. 273 A semiannual magazine dedicated to the land and peoples of the Col- orado Plateau ecoregion. Wild Earth P.O. Box 455 Richmond, VT 05477 (802) 434-4077 Published quarterly by The Wildlands Project. Publishes articles that meld conservation biology and wilderness activism. Book reviews. On the Internet 171 Whole Earth P.O. Box 3000 Denville, NJ 07834 (888) 732-6739 Published quarterly. This is the magazine of the Whole Earth Catalog. Publishes reviews of tools, ideas, and practices. As the name suggests, its scope encompasses the whole Earth. Book reviews. Wildflower 4981 Highway 7 East Unit 12A, Suite 228 Markham, Ontario, Canada L3R 1N1 Published quarterly by the Canadian Wildflower Society, this black- and-white magazine carries informative profiles of native plants. Wild Garden Unfortunately, this magazine ceased publication in 2000. The premier issue of 1998 contains a native plant resources section with the fol- lowing information: Wild Gardens You Can Visit, Resources for Native Plants and Seeds, Organizations & Associations, Native Landscape Ar- chitects and Designers, Resources in Print. Landscape and Urban Planning: An International Journal of Landscape Ecology, Landscape Planning, and Landscape Design Elsevier Science 633 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10010 (212) 633-3730 On the Internet USDA Sustainable Agriculture Network http://www.sare.org Information about the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program of the Department of Agriculture. USDA