SUPPORTING DEFORESTATION-FREE COCOA IN GHANA ACTIVITY LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC REPORT INTEGRATED LAND AND RESOURCE GOVERNANCE TASK ORDER UNDER THE STRENGTHENING TENURE AND RESOURCE RIGHTS II (STARR II) IDIQ Contract Number: 7200AA18D00003/7200AA18F00015 COR: Sarah Lowery USAID Office of Land and Urban Contractor Name: Tetra Tech Author(s): Sabine Jiekak and Mark Freudenberger AUGUST 2019 This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared with support from the Integrated Land and Resource Governance Task Order, under the Strengthening Tenure and Resource Rights II (STARR II) IDIQ. It was prepared by Tetra Tech. Cover Photo: René Dogbe Tetra Tech Contact(s): Megan Huth, Project Manager 159 Bank Street, Suite 300 Burlington, VT 05402 Tel: (802) 495-0282 Fax: (802) 658-4247 Email: [email protected] Suggested Citation: Jiekak, S., & Freudenberger, M. (2018). Supporting Deforestation-Free Cocoa in Ghana Initiative: Land Use Planning Diagnostic Report. Washington, DC: USAID Integrated Land and Resource Governance Task Order under the Strengthening Tenure and Resource Rights II (STARR II) IDIQ. SUPPORTING DEFORESTATION-FREE COCOA IN GHANA ACTIVITY LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC REPORT INTEGRATED LAND AND RESOURCE GOVERNANCE TASK ORDER UNDER THE STRENGTHENING TENURE AND RESOURCE RIGHTS II (STARR II) IDIQ Submission Date: 11 August 2019 Submitted by: Melissa Hall Deputy Chief of Party Tetra Tech 159 Bank Street, Burlington VT 05401, USA Tel: (802) 495-0282 Fax: (802) 658-4247 Contract Number: 7200AA18D00003/7200AA18F00015 COR Name: Sarah Lowery USAID Office of Land and Urban Contractor Name: Tetra Tech Author(s): Sabine Jiekak and Mark Freudenberger DISCLAIMER This publication is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Tetra Tech and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States government. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................ I TABLE OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... II TABLE OF BOXES ........................................................................................................................................ II TABLE OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................... II ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................... IV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... VII CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................................................................... VII LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC ........................................................................................................................................ VII METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................................................... VIII FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................................................................... VIII 1.0 LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY .......................... 1 1.1 INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT............................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 TEAM ............................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.5 STRENGTHS AND GAPS .................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.5.1 Strengths ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.5.2 Gaps ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.0 LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS ......................................................................... 8 2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ............................................................................................. 8 2.1.1 Conceptualizing Landscape Dynamics in Wassa Amenfi West District (Asankrangwa Stool Chiefdom) ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Pressures and Threats on the Landscape of the Wassa Amenfi West District ................................. 13 2.2 RESOURCE GOVERNANCE DYNAMICS .......................................................................................................................... 16 2.2.1 Community Governance Structures ........................................................................................................... 16 2.2.2 Community Dispute Management ............................................................................................................... 19 2.2.3 Management of Revenue Flow from Land and Other Natural Resources .......................................... 21 2.3 RESOURCE TENURE DYNAMICS ..................................................................................................................................... 23 2.3.1 Interface Between “Customary” and “Statutory” Tenure ...................................................................... 23 2.3.2 Determination of Community and Household Boundaries .................................................................... 27 2.3.3 Perceptions of Tenure Security .................................................................................................................... 29 2.3.4 Previous Land Rights Documentation Initiatives ...................................................................................... 34 2.4 CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS OF LAND USE PLANNING ........................................................................................... 35 2.4.1 Conceptualizing Land Use Planning ............................................................................................................. 35 2.4.2 Community-Based Land Use Planning ......................................................................................................... 37 2.4.3 Government of Ghana Planning Institutions and Processes ................................................................... 40 3.0 LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........ 44 3.1 SCENARIOS FOR THE FUTURE OF THE WASSA AMENFI WEST DISTRICT ................................................................... 44 3.2 PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR LAND USE PLANNING ........................................................................................... 47 3.2.1 Principles for Land Use Planning .................................................................................................................. 47 3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PARTICIPATORY AND INCLUSIVE LAND USE PLANNING ................................................ 49 3.3.1 Short-Term (Three to Six Months) ............................................................................................................. 54 3.3.2 Medium-Term (Six Months to One Year).................................................................................................. 54 3.3.3 Long-Term (One Year and Beyond) ........................................................................................................... 56 3.4 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................................................ 57 ANNEX A: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS IN VILLAGES OF YIRASE, SURESU NKWANTA, DOMESABRA, AND NYAME NNAE ................................................................................................ 59 ANNEX B: FIELD WORK CALENDAR .................................................................................................... 82 SUPPORTING DEFORESTATION-FREE COCOA IN GHANA: LAND USE PLANNING DIAGNOSTIC REPORT i ANNEX C: CHECKLIST OF QUESTIONS BY OBJECTIVES AND TOOLS ....................................... 84 ANNEX D: BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................... 89 TABLE OF TABLES Table 1-1: PRA Tools 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