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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the Auerbach Web site at http://www.auerbach-publications.com © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Contents List of Figures ix List of Tables xiii Foreword I xv Foreword II xvii Preface xxi About the Author xxiii Acknowledgments xxv 1 Introduction 1 1.1MotivationoftheBook...................... 1 1.2StructureandOrganizationoftheBook............. 2 2 Evolution of Networks 3 2.1IntroductionofNetworks..................... 3 2.1.1 Definition of Networks . 3 2.1.2 Network Topologies and Functions . 5 2.1.3 Types of Networks . 10 2.2HistoryofNetworks........................ 13 2.2.1 History of Telecommunications Networks . 13 2.2.2 History of Computer Networks (Internet) . 16 2.3NetworkArchitectures....................... 24 2.3.1 TheOSIReferenceModel................. 24 2.3.2 TheTCP/IPReferenceModel.............. 28 2.3.3 Comparison of OSI Model and TCP/IP Model . 31 2.3.4 Evolution of the Internet Protocol (IP) . 31 2.4FutureofNetworks......................... 36 2.4.1 Laws Related to Network Evolution . 36 2.4.2 Trend of Networks . 38 v © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC vi 3 Evolution in Network Management 43 3.1 Introduction of Network Management . 43 3.1.1 Definition of Network Management . 43 3.1.2 Basic Components of Network Management System . 44 3.2 Network Management Architectures . 49 3.2.1 TMN Management Architecture . 50 3.2.2 Internet-Based Management Architecture . 55 3.2.3 Comparison of TMN- and Internet-Based Management Architecture........................ 65 3.3 Evolution of Network Management Protocols . 66 3.3.1 Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) . 67 3.3.2 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) . 71 3.3.3 Comparison of SNMP and CMIP . 79 3.3.4 Internet Protocol Flow Information Export (IPFIX) . 81 3.3.5 Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) . 85 3.3.6 Syslog............................ 87 3.3.7 Other Protocols Related to Network Management . 89 3.4 Evolution in Network Management Functions . 90 3.4.1 FCAPS Network Management Functions . 90 3.4.2 Expanded Network Management Functions . 95 3.4.3 Management Application vs. Management Functionality 104 3.5 Challenges in Network Management . 106 4 Theories and Techniques for Network Management 109 4.1 Policy-Based Network Management . 109 4.1.1 Introduction of Policy-Based Management . 109 4.1.2 Policy-Based Management Architecture . 111 4.1.3 Policy-Based Network Management . 113 4.2 Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Network Management . 116 4.2.1 ExpertSystemsTechniques................117 4.2.2 Machine Learning Techniques . 122 4.3 Graph-Theoretic Techniques for Network Management . 133 4.3.1 Causality Graph Model . 133 4.3.2 Dependency Graph Model . 134 4.3.3 DecisionTrees.......................135 4.4 Probabilistic Approaches for Network Management . 137 4.4.1 FuzzyLogic.........................139 4.4.2 BayesianNetworks.....................140 4.5 Web-Based Network Management . 145 4.5.1 Web-Based Network Management . 145 4.5.2 Web-Based Enterprise Management . 146 4.6 Agent Techniques for Network Management . 148 4.6.1 Introduction of Agent . 148 4.6.2 MobileAgents.......................151 4.6.3 Intelligent Agents . 154 © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC vii 4.7 Distributed Object Computing for Network Management . 158 4.7.1 Introduction of Distributed Object Computing . 158 4.7.2 Distributed Object Computing for Network Management158 4.8 Active Network Technology for Network Management . 160 4.8.1 Introduction of Active Network . 160 4.8.2 Active Network Management . 161 4.9Bio-inspiredApproaches......................164 4.9.1 Bio-inspired Computing . 164 4.9.2 Bio-inspired Network Management . 168 4.10 XML in Network Management . 169 4.10.1 Introduction of XML . 169 4.10.2 XML-Based Network Management . 172 4.11 Other Techniques for Network Management . 173 4.11.1EconomicTheory......................173 4.11.2Finite-StateMachines...................175 4.11.3Model-TraversingTechniques...............176 5 Management of Emerging Networks and Services 179 5.1NextGenerationNetworking...................179 5.1.1 Introduction of Next Generation Networking . 179 5.1.2 Management of Next Generation Networking . 183 5.2WirelessNetworks.........................188 5.2.1 Advances in Wireless Networks . 188 5.2.2 Mobile Cellular Networks . 192 5.2.3 Management of Mobile Cellular Networks . 197 5.2.4 WirelessAd-HocNetworks................206 5.2.5 Management of Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks . 223 5.3OpticalNetworks..........................232 5.3.1 Introduction of Optical Networks . 232 5.3.2 Management of Optical Networks . 236 5.4OverlayNetworks..........................239 5.4.1 Management of Peer-to-Peer Networks . 241 5.4.2 Management of VPN (Virtual Private Networks) . 249 5.5GridArchitectures.........................254 5.5.1 Introduction of Grid Networks . 254 5.5.2 Management of Grid Networks . 257 5.6MultimediaNetworks.......................261 5.6.1 Introduction of Multimedia Networks . 261 5.6.2 Management of Multimedia Networks . 262 5.7 Satellite Networks . 264 5.7.1 Introduction of Satellite Networks . 264 5.7.2 Management of Satellite Networks . 267 5.8StorageNetworks..........................271 5.8.1 Introduction of Storage Network . 271 5.8.2 Management of Storage Networks .